Zechariah 14:2-3 says, “For I will gather all nations against Jerusalem to battle; and the city shall be taken, and the houses rifled, and the women ravished; and half of the city shall go forth into captivity, and the residue of the people shall not be cut off from the city. Then shall the LORD go forth, and fight against those nations, as when he fought in the day of battle.”
Amils are actually split on whether this should be interpreted literally or spiritually. The literal interpretation normally relates this passage to AD 70 after the Gentiles destroyed Christ (in the form of the Roman soldiers); the Gospel then conquered them. Jerusalem is considered literal earthly Jerusalem. Significantly, the instrument of its destruction – Rome – subsequently became the epicenter of the Gospel witness for many years after the cross. I must qualify: I am not talking about current Roman Catholicism, which is pagan, but rather ancient Christianity that was centered in Rome for years. God brought His wrath upon the city of Jerusalem because of Israel’s disobedience.
The destruction of the city and the raping of the city occurred in AD 70. At that time the Roman Empire enjoyed jurisdiction over the whole known world (Luke 2:1). Jerusalem was destroyed because of their rejection of Christ. The Gentiles came against the city, but the Gospel in turn went out among the Gentiles with great success.
On the other hand, some Amils spiritualize Jerusalem here to pertain to Christ and the kingdom of God and relate the Gentile rejection of the same under the old covenant and the turn around that occurred with the great commission in the New Testament to Zechariah 14:2-3. Basically: the darkened Gentile nations were invaded with the Gospel light of Jesus Christ.
1 Peter 2:6-8 testifies, “Wherefore also it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded. Unto you therefore which believe he is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner, And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.”
We are the “lively stones” and Christ is the “chief corner stone.” Nothing could be clearer. We are built up into the spiritual temple of God. This is a symbolic illustration to depict the place on earth where God's presence dwells. It is not a brick building, it is the people of God. Sion is the heavenly Sion, not the physical Old Testament type which has been superseded. We are built up today as a spiritual edifice “in Sion” upon the “chief corner stone.” This is not some distant hope, but a current ongoing reality. We are “a spiritual house” built up “as lively stones” upon the Christ is the “chief corner stone” Christ. We have entered the heavenly Sion by faith spiritually.
Jesus explained in Matthew 21:42-44 referred specifically to Psalm 118:22 when talking to the religious Jews of His day: “Did ye never read in the scriptures, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner: this is the Lord's doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes? Therefore say I unto you, The kingdom of God shall be taken from you, and given to a nation bringing forth the fruits thereof. And whosoever shall fall on this stone shall be broken: but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.”
In the New Testament, Christ rules over spiritual Zion. All who embrace Him reside there and enjoy the spiritual blessings that accompanies intimacy with Him. Everything in the New Testament is pointing towards Jesus Christ. It is not about physical earthly land. It is not about the Middle East. It is not about a brick temple. It is about spiritual territory. It is about a heavenly kingdom. Earthly Zion means nothing today; heavenly Zion is everything. It is not about an earthly king, but rather a heavenly king. It is not about race; it is rather about grace.
Another slightly different perspective can be found in Acts 4:26. Could this be another allusion to Zechariah 14? Acts 4:26 records: “The kings of the earth stood up, and the rulers were gathered together against the Lord, and against his Christ. For of a truth against thy holy child Jesus, whom thou hast anointed, both Herod, and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles, and the people of Israel, were gathered together, For to do whatsoever thy hand and thy counsel determined before to be done.”
While the nations joined together under the vehicle of the Roman Empire to oppose Christ and ultimately crucify Him, the Gospel extended out to the same nations represented here.
Jesus said in Matthew 10:34-36, in war like language, albeit He was speaking spiritually, "Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword. For I am come to set a man at variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter in law against her mother in law. And a man's foes shall be they of his own household. "
Premils argue that those who attack Jerusalem at the end are those mortals who inhabit the new earth. In this understanding the wicked company are amazingly rewarded for their evil assault on the “holy city” by being ushered into the millennial kingdom. They are blessed by being invited to worship in the temple each year in the presence of the king of kings. In my view, this is a dubious interpretation that doesn’t line up with the pattern of Scripture. It just doesn’t make sense that of all the unsaved people on this earth that are supposedly privileged to escape the wrath of God that this wicked horde would be chosen.
This is what supposedly happens in the Premil millennium (the day of the Lord) of Edenic bliss and regenerated earth. Revelation 19 and 20 knows nothing of a successful attack upon Jerusalem at the end or in the millennium. Regardless of whether one takes a literal or a spiritual approach to this, the armies in Revelation merely prepare for battle at the end, they do not engage in battle. How can Jerusalem be taken in the millennium when Jesus is reigning in glorious unparalleled splendor? How can women in the millennium be "ravished" (or raped) when no one in Jerusalem is even mortal anymore?