We already know that some of the Bible is
not God-inspired. Paul tells us for I Corinthians 7 that he is speaking for himself alone; no inspiration by God.
Jesus tells us in Mark 10 and Matthew 14 that, at least, Deut. 24:1 was
not God inspired, because Moses got it wrong.
You also have to remember the purpose of the Bible. It is a book about
theology. Any history is only there to help the theological message. Trying to read the Bible as a science book violates the Rules of Interpretation (below).
What you do is use extrabiblical evidence and reason. And you
always remember the Rules of Interpretation:
Eight Rules of Interpretation
Apologetics research resources on religious cults and sects - The Eight Rules of Bible Interpretation
Apologetics research resources on religious cults and sects - Bible Interpretation
Three of those rules are:
Rule of Usage.
Don't add meaning to established words and terms. What was the common usage in the cultural and time period when the passage was written?
Rule of Context.
Avoid using words out of context. Context must define terms and how words are used.
Rule of Historical background.
Don't separate interpretation and historical investigation.
Basically, what these mean is that you have to understand what the text meant
to the people of the time. You can't just approach it cold from 21st century America. Once you have the meaning for the people at the time,
then you can see if there are other valid meanings for here and now.
Nor can you cut and paste isolated verses to make a story. Those verses must be in the context of their chapter and what they meant there. Otherwise you are cherry picking to make a story you already want to believe.