Greek-English Lexicon Of The New Testament
William F. Arndt & Wilbur Gingrich
[A translation & adaptation of Wm. Bauer’s Griechisch-Deutsches Worterbuch zu den Schrift en des Neueu Testaments und der uberigen]
PAS, pa’sa, pa’n gen. pantov", pavsh", pantov" (dat. pl. pa’si and pa’sin vary considerably in the mss.; s. W-S. §5, 28; cf. Rob. 219-21) (Hom.+; inscr., pap., LXX, En., Ep. Arist., Philo, Joseph., Test. 12 Patr.).
- adj., used w. a noun—a. w. the noun in the sing. without the art.—a.
Emphasizing the individual members of the class denoted by the noun every, each, any, scarcely different in mng. fr. the pl. ‘all’: pa’n devndron Mt 3:10; Lk 3:9. pa’sa futeiva Mt 15:13. pa’sa favragx, pa’n o[ro" Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4). pa’" tovpo" 4:37. pa’" a[nqrwpo" J 1:9; 2:10; Ro 3:4 (Ps 115:2); Gal 5:3; Col 1:28a, b, d; Js 1:19. pa’n e[qno" Ac 17:26a. pa’sa yuchv (Pla., Phaedr. 249e) 2:43; 3:23 (cf. Lev 23:29); Ro 2:9. pa’sa hJmevra Ac 5:42; 17:17. pa’n savbbaton 18:4. pa’sa ajrch; kai; pa’sa ejxousiva 1 Cor 15:24. pa’sa suneivdhsi" 2 Cor 4:2. pa’" a{gio" Phil 4:21. pa’" oi\ko" Hb 3:4. pa’sa ajntilogiva 7:7. pa’sa paideiva all discipline 12:11. pa’" ojfqalmov" Rv 1:7a. pa’n ktivsma 5:13a.—Mt 23:35; Lk 2:23 (Ex 13:2); 4:13; 21:36; 2 Th 2:4 (Da 11:36). pa’sa ktivsi" every creature Col 1:15; ejn pavsh/ ktivsei to every creature vs. 23. pa’sa grafhv 2 Ti 3:16 (cf. grafhv 2a).
—In the OT, also En. (1, 9) and Test. Gad 7:2, but not in Ep. Arist., Philo, nor Joseph., is pa’sa savrx (r`;oBƒAlK all flesh Lk 3:6 (Is 40:5). Mostly w. a neg. (so also En. 14, 21; 17, 6) ouj (or mhv). . . pa’sa savrx no flesh=no one Mt 24:22; Mk 13:20; Ro 3:20; 1 Cor 1:29; Gal 2:16. Other sim. neg. expressions are also Hebraistic (cf. Bl-D. §302, 1; Mlt.-H. 433f) ouj. . . pa’n rJh’ma not a thing, nothing Lk 1:37 (cf. PRyl. 113, 12f [133 ad] mh;. . . pa’n pra’gma). oujdevpote e[fagon pa’n koinovn I have never eaten anything common Ac 10:14. Cf. Rv 7:1, 16; 9:4; 21:27. Also in reverse order, pa’". . . ouj or mhv (Ex 12:16; Sir 8:19; 10:6, but s. also GMLee, ET 63, ‘51f, 156) 18:22; Eph 4:29; 5:5; 2 Pt 1:20; 1J 2:21; 3:15b.—Only rarely is a ptc. used w. pa’" in this way: panto;" ajkouvonto" when anyone hears Mt 13:19. panti; ojfeivlonti Lk 11:4 (Mlt.-Turner 196f).
b. including everything belonging, in kind, to the class designated by the noun every kind of, all sorts of,
For the words pantodapov" and pantoi’o", which are lacking in our lit.: pa’sa novso" kai; pa’sa malakiva Mt 4:23. gevmousin pavsh" ajkaqarsiva" they are full of all kinds of uncleanness 23:27. pa’sa ejxousiva 28:18. ajpo; panto;" e[qnou" from every kind of nation Ac 2:5. Cf. 7:22; 13:10a, b; Ro 1:18, 29. pa’sa ejpiqumiva (evil) desire of every kind 7:8. ejn panti; lovgw/ kai; pavsh/ gnwvsei 1 Cor 1:5b. pa’n aJmavrthma every kind of sin 6:18. Cf. 2 Cor 7:1; 9:8b, c; 10:5a, b; Eph 1:3, 8, 21 a; 4:19; 5:3; Phil 1:9; 2 Th 2:17. pa’n e[rgon ajgaqovn Tit 1:16; 3:1. Cf. 2:14; Hb 13:21. pa’sa dovsi", pa’n dwvrhma Js 1:17 (W-S. §20, 11b). Cf. vs. 21; 1 Pt 2:1 a, b; Rev 8:7 al.
c. every, any and every, just any, any at all mh;
Panti; pneuvmati pisteuvete do not believe just any spirit 1J 4:1. periferovmenoi panti; ajnevmw/ th’" didaskaliva" Eph 4:14. peri; panto;" pravgmato" about anything Mt 18:19. kata; pa’san au]tivan for any reason at all 19:3. Cf. 4:4=Lk 4:4 t.r. (Dt 8:3); Mt 12:31; 2 Cor 1:4b (on ejpi; pavsh/ th’/ qlivyei hJmw’n vs. 4a see 1cb below).
d. to denote the highest degree full, greatest, all
(Pla., Rep. 9 p. 575a; Demosth. 18, 279 al.; LXX) meta; parrhsiva" pavsh" Ac 4:29. ejn pavsh/ ajsfaleiva/ 5:23. pavsh/ suneidhvsei ajgaqh’/ in all good conscience 23:1. Cf. 17:11; 24:3; 2 Cor 9:8b; 12:12; Eph 4:2. ejn pavsh/ proskarterhvsei with the greatest perseverance 6:18c. Cf. Phil 1:20; 2:29; Col 1:11a, b; 1 Ti 2:2b, 11; 3:4; 4:9; 5:2; Tit 2:15; Js 1:2; 2 Pt 1:5; Jd 3 al. ajskei’n pa’san uJpomonhvn practice patient endurance to the limit Pol 9:1 (Kleist).
e. all, the whole before proper names, mostly geographic
(X., Hell. 4, 8, 28 prostavtai pavsh" Levsbou e[sontai al.; LXX) pa’sa JIerosovluma Mt 2:3 (s. JIer.). pa’" jIsrahvl (3 Km 8:65; 11:16; 1 Esdr 1:19; 5:45, 58; Jdth 15:14) Ro 11:26 (cf. W-S. §20, 11a and b; Rob. 772).
The OT is also the source of pa’" oi\ko" jIsrahvl (1 Km 7:2, 3) Ac 2:36 and, in subject matter, ejpi; panto;" proswvpou th’" gh’" 17:26b (but Gen 2:6 has pa’n to; provswpon th’" gh’", and 7:23; 11:4, 8, 9 ejpi; proswvpou [or provswpon¼ pavsh" th’" gh’").—Perh. pa’sa oijkodomhv Eph 2:21 (cf. W-S. §20:11 b; Rob. 772; Mlt.-Turner 199f; MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.; M. Ant. 6, 36, 1; Dit., Or. 383, 86ff).
b. w. a noun in the pl., without the art. pavnte" a[nqrwpoi all men, everyone
(Lysias 12, 60; Andoc. 3, 25; X., Cyr. 7, 5, 52, Mem. 4, 4, 19; Demosth. 8, 5; 18, 72) Ac 22:15; Ro 5:12a, 18a, b; 12:17, 18; 1 Cor 7:7; 15:19; 2 Cor 3:2; Phil 4:5; 1 Th 2:15; 1 Ti 2:4; 4:10; Tit 2:11. pavnte" a[ggeloi qeou’ Hb 1:6 (Dt 32:43. Cf. Demosth. 18, 294 pavnte" qeoiv).
c. w. a noun in the sing., w. the art.—a. the whole, all
(the), preceding a noun that has the art.: pa’sa hJ jIoudaiva kai; pa’sa hJ perivcwro" Mt 3:5. pa’sa hJ ajgevlh the whole herd 8:32. Cf. vs. 34; 13:2; 21:10; 27:25, 45; Mk 2:13; 4:1. pa’sa hJ ajlhvqeia 5:33. pa’sa hJ ktivsi" the whole creation Mk 16:15; Ro 8:22. Cf. Lk 1:10; 2:1, 10; Ac 3:9, 11; 5:21; 15:12. pa’" oJ kovsmo" Ro 3:19b; Col 1:6. pa’n to; spevrma Ro 4:16. pa’sa hJ gh’ 9:17 (Ex 9:16); Lk 4:25. pa’sa hJ gnw’si", pa’sa hJ pivsti" 1 Cor 13:2b, c. pa’n to; plhvrwma Eph 3:19; Col 1:19; 2:9. pa’n to; sw’ma Eph 4:16; Col 2:19. Cf. Hb 9:19b,
c.—W. a demonstrative pron. pa’" oJ lao;" ou|to" all these people Lk 9:13.
pa’sa hJ ojfeilh; ejkeivnh Mt 18:32.—Following the noun that has the article: th;n krivsin pa’san the whole matter of judgment J 5:22. eu]" th;n ajlhvqeian pa’san into truth in all its outreach 16:13. th;n ejxousivan. . . pa’san Rev 13:12.
b. all ejpi; pavsh/ th’/ qlivyei hJmw’n in all our trouble 2 Cor 1:4a (on ejn pavsh/ qlivyei vs. 4b s. 1ag above); 7:4; 1 Th 3:7. ejpi; pavsh/ th’ mneiva/ uJmw’n in all remembrance of you Phil 1:3. pa’san th;n mevrimnan uJmw’n all your care 1 Pet 5:7.
g. Oft. pa’" oJ, pavsa hJ, pa’n tov is used w. a ptc. every one who, whoever pa’"
oJ (Soph., Aj. 152; Demosth. 23, 97; Sir 22:2, 26; 1 Macc 1:52; 2:27) pa’" oJ ojrgizovmeno" Mt 5:22. Cf. vs. 28, 32; 7:8, 26 (=pa’" o{sti" vs. 24; s. g below); Lk 6:47; 11:10; 14:11; 16:18; 18:14; 19:26; J 3:8, 15f, 20; 4:13; 6:40; 8:34; 18:37; Ac 10:43b; 13:39; Ro 2:1, 10; 10:4, 11; 1 Cor 9:25; Gal 3:13; 2 Ti 2:19; Hb 5:13; 1 J 2:23, 29 al.; 2 J 9; Rv 22:18.—pa’n tov everything that (1 Macc 10:41): pa’n to; eijsporeuovmenon Mt 15:17; Mk 7:18. pa’n to; ojfeilovmenon Mt 18:34. pa’n to; pwlouvmenon 1 Cor 10:25; cf. vs. 27. pa’n to; fanerouvmenon Eph 5:14. pa’n to; gegennhmevnon 1J 5:4.
—An equivalent of this expr. is pa’" o{" (or o{sti"), pa’n o{ every one who, whatever (s. g above and cf. Bl-D. §293, 1; 413, 2; Rob. 727; 957), masc.: Mt 7:24; 10:32; 19:29; Lk 12:8, 10 (RHolst, ZNW 63, ‘72, 122-4), 48; 14:33; Ac 2:21 (pa’" o}" ejavn, after Jo 2:32); Ro 10:13 (pa’" o}" a[n, after Jo 3:5); Gal 3:10. Neut. (Jdth 12:14.—Jos., Ant. 5, 211 pa’n o{=pavnte" oiJ): J 6:37, 39; 17:2b; Ro 14:23 (o}n a[n); Col 3:17 (pa’n o{ti ejavn).
d. w. a noun in the pl., w. the art. all—
a. w. substantives: pa’sai aiJ geneaiv Mt 1:17; Lk 1:48; Eph 3:21. pavnta" tou;" ajrcierei’" Mt 2:4. Cf. vs. 16; 4:8; 11:13; Mk 4:13, 31f; 6:33; Lk 1:6; 2:51; 6:26; J 18:20; Ac 1:18; 3:18; 10:12, 43a; 14:16; Ro 1:5; 15:11 (Ps 116:1); 16:4; 1 Cor 12:26a, b; 2 Cor 8:18; 11:28; Eph 4:10; 6:16b; Col 2:13; 1 Ti 6:10; Hb 4:4 (Gen 2:2); 9:21; Js 1:8; Rv 1:7b; 7:11; 15:4 al.
—Used w. a demonstr. pron.: pa’sai aiJ parqevnoi ejkei’nai Mt 25:7. pavnta" tou;" lovgou" touvtou" 26:1. pavnta ta; rJhvmata tau’ta Lk 1:65; 2:19.
—Somet. following the noun: ta;" povlei" pavsa" Mt 9:35; Ac 8:40. oiJ maqhtai; pavnte" the disciples, one and all Mt 26:56. aiJ quvrai pa’sai Ac 16:26a. Cf. Ro 16:16; 1 Cor 7:17; 13:2a; 15:7; 16:20; 1 Th 5:26; 2 Ti 4:21; Rv 8:3. oiJ JIerosolumi’tai pavnte" Mk 1:5.—On the position of ejkei’no", e{neka, pa’" cf. NTurner, Vetus T V '55, 208-13.
b. w. participles pavnte" oiJ: pavnte" oiJ kakw’"
e[conte" Mt 4:24. pavnte" oiJ kopiw’nte" 11:28; cf. 21:12; 26:52; Lk 1:66; 2:47; 13:17; Ac 1:19; 2:44; 4:16; 5:5, 11; 6:15; 9:14; 28:30; Ro 1:7; 4:11; 1 Cor 1:2; Eph 6:24; 1 Th 1:7; 2 Th 1:10; 2 Ti 3:12; 4:8; Hb 5:9; 13:24; 2J 1; Rv 13:8; 18:24. Following the ptc. oiJ katoikou’nte" pavnte" Ac 2:14. ejn toi’" hJgiasmevnoi" pa’sin 20:32.—pavnta tav: pavnta ta; genovmena Mt 18:31. pavnta ta; uJpavrconta 24:47; Lk 12:44; 1 Cor 13:3. Cf. Lk 17:10; 18:31; 21:36; J 18:4; Ac 10:33b. Used w. a demonstr. pron.: peri; pavntwn tw’n sumbebhkovtwn touvtwn Lk 24:14. Following: ta; ginovmena pavnta 9:7.