as I said before, you have to study scriptures, pray, and things that nature to be able to discern who the bad eggs are. I've seen my fair share, but blindly putting the umbrella on the word pastor and accusing people of wrongdoing is the same as doing what you are accusing pastors of doing. I speak openly at church and I'm not the pastor. He is in no way deified or supreme over anything that I see. He is a normal guy like anyone else. He has more study, experience than most others so I listen to what he says. If it isn't biblical, I don't. I constantly search my bible to see if what he says is true. The final authority is the bible. Not the person who speaks. I'm sorry you have had a turbulent past with this issue, and I hope God helps you with it. Personally, I think you have had a bad experience that biases your views and are blindly full of hate and are here to justify that hate according to your own eyes. Don't be hateful.Yes, and they are mentioned as one of the five gifts to the church in Ephesians 4:11. But the modern role of the pastor as the CEO, Lord over all, supreme authority, controller of all things and the one who has the power to speak in a gathering and no one can minister unless he allows it, Is false.
And somehow this one gift has come to dominate over all the others. History has a lot to speak about this tradition of men and how it developed. But that is a long study.
We read of elders who are humble men and seek the good of others and do not exalt themselves. These elders are in the plural form for the most part in gatherings. But all the body can still minister and edify each other as they are led.
hello and God bless,
I am speaking of the modern accepted route for many who are called "pastors". Yes there are some so called "pastors" that do not go to any kind of formal training. But somehow the assemblies they control over still seem to have a one man pastor ministry exalted over all.
A person could find n the most remote parts of the world, where people live in huts, a so called, "church building" and pews or seats facing forward towards the exalted man "the pastor" at the front. This tradition did not come from scripture but from early tradition after the apostles death and into the time of Constantine and on. This is when the so called "clergy and laity" divide took place for the most part and was strengthened by man's traditions. In scripture we see elders (plural) in ever church and they are not as Lords over others but more mature brothers who are able to rightly divide the word, feed and teach etc. In fact we even see some churches planted by Paul and others and they left them for a long time and then went back to each church to ordain elders ( Titus 1). This shows that there was a time when there was no elders or one man over all. So some might ask, how did they function without a exalted man over all, with no elders or pastor? Paul said to the Colossians that they were to let the peace of God rule (govern) in their heart as they are called together and to let the Word of Christ dwell in them richly teaching and admonishing one another etc. This letting the Word of Christ dwell in them is how they are built up. Jesus Christ is in every believer and he is the head of the church from whom all the body lives and ministers and he works effectually in every part to unto the edifying of the body ( Ephesians 4:15,16)
But this does not mean that others can't minister as they are led. We see all the body ministering to each other in scripture and this was God's order for the churches, in every church that is as Paul said he spoke and taught the same things in every church everywhere. Paul said that edifying one another as we are led by God in our different gifts is a "command of the Lord 1 Cor 14:26-38. This was not an option.
So anything that hinders God from freely moving in the body should be rejected and withdrawn from. And the one man pastor ministry over all quenches the spirit in the rest of the body and hinders the very function of the church and the mutual participation of Christ in the body. Jesus may be standing outside many gatherings knocking and wanting to come into them and sup with them. But they think all is well and need nothing.
Also many so called "pastors" today are burned out and find it very difficult to do all the ministry in the body. That is because they were never intended to do so.
No I simply believe Jesus when he said "freely ye have received, freely give" and I find it troubling that a person can claim to be a pastor gift from God or any other of the five gifts, after taking such a route. God alone gives gifts and the body is to know those who labour among them and try them in overnight functions etc. They are to be "home grown elders" as the expression has come to be known.
Offended is not the right word. I am troubled that so many go directly against Jesus warning not to do this. This is related to spiritual body ministry in the church, not the secular world.
Paul said
"8 Beware lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world, and not after Christ. 9 For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. 10 And ye are complete in him, which is the head of all principality and power:"( Colossians 2:8,9 KJV)
The idea that the church has been built on Peter is Roman Catholic heresy, and easily disproved from scripture.Jesus told Peter he was the rock that Christ's church would be built upon. Peter may be derived from the Greek petros (rock).
So you are correct "Pastor" is not in there. What comes right to mind is .. Jesus telling Peter 3 times "feed my sheep"
The error that Jesus somehow appointed a man as head of the church has been falsely used to justify Papal authority and suppress the body of Christ since Emperor Constantine.
Accepting any man as the head of the body of Christ is following the spirit of antichrist, not Christ.
That applies whether it is a world wide movement or a local street corner church!
I am thinking the real complaint should be churches are living far beneath what God has given and can be attained to with its current set up.THE PASTOR KING
The Exalted Pastor over all
As shocking as this may seem, there is not one verse in the New Testament that speaks of a man over all the church called, “The Pastor”, who does most of the ministry, gets a regular salary and who acts as the head of the church. Rather, in the New Testament, we see the whole church ministering to one another in Christ who works effectually in all believers (Eph 4:11-16 , 1 Cor 14:26-38, 1 Peter 4:10,11) and we read of elders (plural) in every church (singular) who watch over and feed others spiritually (Acts 14:23, James 5:14, 1 Peter 5:1,2). They are not to Lord over others and control them in a supreme authority but are to be examples.
Paul said to the church, “Not that we have dominion over your faith but are helpers ..” (2 Cor. 1:24). The word “dominion”, here means “to rule: have dominion over, lord, be lord of...(from 2962),...supreme in authority, ie (as a noun) controller. By implication, Master (as in official title..)...” (Strongs Concordance. # 2961). Jesus also warned of such a false dominion and authority over others (Matthew 20:25-27), and said “it shall not be so among you”.
Yet in many gatherings today, this person called “The Pastor”, is exalted above all others as he stands on top a large platform behind a “pulpit”. He is the one who dominates and has preeminence over all others and does most of the speaking week after week. He generally rules in a large castle-like structure unbiblically called “the church” with lower ranked servants under him. Sometimes he has a sign outside with his name on it. Many flattering titles are given to him such as, “Reverend”, “Master of Divinity”, or “President”, and he uses expressions such as “My church” or “My people”. Scripture warns against one man in and exalted role having the preeminance over all in the church (3 John 9,10, 2 Cor 11:12,13,20, Acts 20:29-31, Col 2:8, Job 32:31,32) and Jesus said “Neither be ye called masters: for one is your Master, even Christ” (Matt. 23:8,10).
Almost all of the activities in the assembly today are controlled by the Pastor and no one is permitted to speak or minister unless he allows it. There is rarely opportunity for anyone else to minister as Christ leads, for they are not on the man made programs in man’s order. Many are unaware of their freedoms in the body of Christ and even if they were, they would be afraid to speak as God leads them, fearing the disapproval and rebuke of the pastor. Many dangerously look to this one man alone for all their spiritual guidance in the assembly, rather than wait on God and to be led by the Spirit in mutual edification of one another in God’s order.
The Modern Pastoral Role is Unbiblical
The position that the modern Pastor holds today is unbiblical. It fights against the priesthood of all believers (1 Peter 2:5,9, Rev. 1:6, Rom. 12:1), the mutual edification of one another in the body of Christ as He leads, (1 Cor. 14:26-38, 1 Cor 12:7, 1 Peter 4:10, 11, Col. 3:15,16, Eph. 4:16) and it hinders Gods direct leading and working in all believers in the church (Heb. 13:20,21, 1 John 2:27, Eph 4:16,21, Col 3:15,16). The role of the modern Pastor over all often quenches the spirt in the rest of the body and hinders the very function and growth of the church.
This modern role of “The Pastor” today, sets him up to reign as a king (or Lord) over the body of Christ and exalts him (2 Cor. 11:12,20, Rom 12:3-5). His position as head of the church can usurp the headship of Christ in the meetings (Col 2:8, 19) and bind up the saints in the traditions and commandments of men that turn from the truth and fight against the commandments of the Lord (1 Cor 14:26-38, Col 2:8,19, Titus 1:14).
Paul warned us of such serious things and said, “Beware, lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the traditions of men, after the rudiments of the world and not after Christ” (Col. 2:8). The word ”spoil” implies, leading believers away and robbing them of their goods. The one modern pastor tradition does this in part and makes the word of God of no effect by this role (Mark 7:13). These controlling men don’t allow believers to edify one another in the gatherings as they are commanded to do in scripture and hinder them from being good stewards of their gifts from God (1 Cor 14:26,30,37, 38 1 Peter 4:10,11). But If any man reject God’s commands to do so they are ignorant and should not be listened to and withdrawn from (1 Cor 14:26,30,37, 2 Thess. 3:6).
If anyone examines scripture closely they will see that this modern Pope-like figure called the “The Pastor “ today does not come from scripture but rather comes out of the worldly traditions of men, mixed with an OT priesthood and pagan traditions. It stems from the (so called) “church fathers”, such as; Ignatius of Antioch, Cyprian and others, from Constantine, a false Roman Catholic hierarchy and from reformers who retained many of the Catholic priest roles and misunderstanding of Christ headship in the body ministry.
Many Gifts Not Just a Pastor Gift
We read in scripture that God ”...gave gifts unto men...he gave some, apostles; and some, and some, pastors and teachers; 12 For the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ:”, (Ephesians 4:8,11,12) Notice that the word, “pastors” is in the plural form. We do not find the singular one man pastor over all in the New Testament. All of these gifts are needed in the body of Christ and not just pastors. But somehow through the traditions of man, this one “pastor” gift come to dominate over all the other gifts.
Though there are blessed pastor giftings in the body of Christ, (just as there are apostles, prophets, evangelist and teachers), the modern role of the exalted “Pastor” over all does not exist biblically and is a dangerous distortion spiritually to the church. Many of those in this unbiblical role may be true believers and loving men with sincerity and have many good qualities, Others may be seeking their own glory and reputation. But either way they are still in error in this exalted role and they still hinder the body from functioning in Christ.
Despite the confusion of many religious forms today and the multitude of believers who gather in them, with the exalted Pastor over all, their various spiritual moments, evangelistic aspects and some good ministration seen in many of these gatherings, there is still a great problem in the churches and it must be corrected and set in God’s order.
We see in many assemblies today a weak, dysfunctional body that plays church and cannot follow the leading of the Spirit in the assembly as good stewards in mutual edification. Instead they are forced to look at the back of each others heads and are drawn after the exalted man on the the platform. Is Jesus Christ outside of many gatherings
today knocking and wanting to come into them and to “sup” with them (Revelation 3:16-20) and to participate with them, or is He ready to spew some out of his mouth, while they think all is well and they are rich and increased with goods and need nothing.
The reality is, that if this modern role of the Pastor today was taken away from most assemblies they could not function and would most likely be in a fearful panic and possibly collapse. But if you take away the modern one man Pastor role over all from a true biblical church gathering, they would still be able to use their gifts and edify one another and minister as God intended in His order.
God’s Order and Man’s Order
God’s order in the body of Christ is His spiritual working in every part as he leads and empowers believers in all things. Though hidden from the eyes of natural men, it is there nevertheless. This order begins in the spirit and the patient waiting on God as He leads into all gifts, ministry and fruits of the Spirit and sets the order in the gatherings, (Titus 1:5, Col. 2:5, Psalm 37:23, Eph. 4:15,16, 1 Tim 3:15, 1 Cor. 14:26-37, 1 Cor. 11:34, Heb 13:20,21, 1 John 2:27). No person can know this order unless they are in Christ, and walk in the spirit. But sadly, even many christians today are drawn away from God’s order and rule in their hearts into a religious form of man’s order and the dominion of exalted leaders.
Man’s order does not begin in the spirit, it begins in man’s carnal mind and human wisdom, and by what they know naturally ( 1 Cor 2, Jude 1:10) and is regulated by the modern pastor role, programs and traditions of men in the rudiments of the world.
Jesus said, “I will build my church” and he is fully able to do this by his power and might, which he has been doing all along. God’s order is very different than mans order and traditions in the church.
“Give us a King”
There is a story in the bible where God’s people said, “Give us a King, to judge us” (1 Samuel 8:6). God allowed it, but told Samuel, “they have not rejected thee, but they have rejected me that I should not reign over them” (1 Samuel 8:7). God also told Samuel to warn them that the king would bring them into bondage, take their goods and use them for his glory (1 Samuel 8:11-19).
Saul also had some of the Levites killed (1 Sam. 22:17,18). The Levites being a type of the priesthood of all believers. Similarly, as Saul had them killed and they could no longer minister, so the modern one man Pastor Lord also quenches the spirit in the body and hinders or cuts off the priesthood of all believers where they can no longer minister freely.
Today, similar to the story of Saul, you can almost hear the people cry, “Give us a Pastor, like all the other churches”, especially when they are looking for a new one. But by doing so, they may be rejecting God from reigning over them in the gatherings.
Body Ministry to One Another
The bible teaches that Christ is to lead in every part of the body as the head of the church, “From whom the whole body fitly joined together and compacted by that which every joint supplieth, according to the effectual working in the measure of every part, maketh increase of the body unto the edifying of itself in love” (Ephesians 4:16). This is how Jesus Christ builds (or edifies) His church. Notice, that through Christ headship the whole body can edify one another, and not just rely on one man the Pastor. This should be allowed to happen every time the saints gather together in Christ and wait on the Lord.
When the church comes together all can have something revealed to them and share it (1 Cor.14:30). They can also have a psalm, a doctrine, a tongue, a revelation and interpretation, (1 Cor.14:26); comfort and edify one another (1 Thess. 5:11); use all their gifts as they wait on God (Rom. 12:1-10); have a spiritual manifestation to profit all (1 Cor 12:7-); admonish one another (Rom. 15:14); teach one another (Col. 3:16); exhort one another, (Heb. 3:13); warn unruly (1Thess. 5:14); confess their faults one to one another (James 5:16); anoint the sick (James 5:14); prophesy to one another (1 Cor. 14:31); discipline erring brethren (1 Cor5:3-5, 6:1-6); pray for one another (James 5:?); lead in prayer and song (1 Cor. 14:15); have a psalm, hymn or spiritual song (Col. 3:16); any man can speak or minister as God leads (1 Peter 4:10,11). We must follow after Christ who will lead us in this way, and not follow after man-made programs and dead rituals and the exalted Pastor role that quench the Spirit.
(from another tract I made below)
Thanks.. you posted allot of verses yet.. does not back up your case. Pastor means? shepherd. It comes from the Latin word. So you are correct "Pastor" is not in there. What comes right to mind is .. Jesus telling Peter 3 times "feed my sheep". How would a shepherd tend, feed so forth so on. Why did you leave out Acts 20:28? "Keep watch over yourselves and all the flock of which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers. Be shepherds of the church of God, which he bought with his own blood". Amp "Take care and be on guard for yourselves and for the whole flock over which the Holy Spirit has appointed you as overseers, to shepherd (tend, feed, guide) the church of God which He bought with His own blood."
You said "Scripture warns against one man in and exalted role having the preeminance over all in the church". The verses you quote.. you took out of context to say what you wanted. John 3:9-10. Talking to the CHURCH the BODY of Christ was he? Or about Diotrephes?
Col 8. Talking about "pastors"? Let no man deceive you. "after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world, and not after Christ." Traditions of men? Rudiments, elemental spiritual forces, principles of the world,..
You are looking at this.. in a different way. Well you used words like "Pope-like" "king, lord". I can see were the POPE comes from but king and lord? There are what over 100k Churches in the USA and over 300k world wide. So.. SURE some could not be called. Some could be treated very very GOOD aka like a king.
Yet as MANY here know 1st hand of those Pastors that serve all. That will drop everything to help.. go anywhere do anything. This is something where MANY have been together, all praying for a very very long time. Each speaking.. praying being directed told what to do by the sweet sweet Holy Spirit.
This is why we ALWAYS need someone above us over us.
There really are PASTORS that spent there LIFE studying praying more HOURS a day then they do anything else.
have some Faith in your Father that after ALL these years if it was WRONG He would have changed it by now.
bless you and thanks for this. Well I am not going to say I AM RIGHT YOUR WRONG.. no.. I listen read then I go back and look into to this. AWESOME
I understand that you may feel inhibited or frustrated in that because you are not yourself ordained that you are being prevented from serving the Lord to your potential, and for this reason you disagree with the "model"
I am thinking the real complaint should be churches are living far beneath what God has given and can be attained to with its current set up.
You can’t get away from the 5 empowerment’s (not offices) listed in Ephesians. Nor can you get away from supporting them so they can dedicate themselves full time to maintaining that supernatural empowerment so they can serve others with it.
So the real question becomes how do people become servents rather than leaders. (Knowing full well that the “servent leader” idea is just more of the same old same old with a different name.)
So it’s not that God has forsaken a church because it has set up some kind of institutional governing structure. It’s just they don’t have what it takes to do differently in a higher level.
No hate here, I love those whom the Lord send me. I care deeply for these assemblies who are bound up under man mad traditions and who fight against the commandments of the lord for body ministry ( 1 Cor 14_26-38, 1 Peter 4:10,11, 1 Thess. 5:11, Colossians 3:15,16, Ephesians 4:11-16, Romans 12:1-8 etc etc)as I said before, you have to study scriptures, pray, and things that nature to be able to discern who the bad eggs are. I've seen my fair share, but blindly putting the umbrella on the word pastor and accusing people of wrongdoing is the same as doing what you are accusing pastors of doing. I speak openly at church and I'm not the pastor. He is in no way deified or supreme over anything that I see. He is a normal guy like anyone else. He has more study, experience than most others so I listen to what he says. If it isn't biblical, I don't. I constantly search my bible to see if what he says is true. The final authority is the bible. Not the person who speaks. I'm sorry you have had a turbulent past with this issue, and I hope God helps you with it. Personally, I think you have had a bad experience that biases your views and are blindly full of hate and are here to justify that hate according to your own eyes. Don't be hateful.
Apostles did work as Paul did and he occasionally took others carnal things after ministering spiritual things to them. But he did not want to make the gospel of Christ chargeable.Paul was doing his job for money and in the evening he was preaching in synagouge to Jews so he was actually doing two jobs , but Apostles were told to not do anything and not even carry money with them but thier need would be provided by God through people they meet and preach gospel to so i don't really know if pastor should get paid or not in modern world .
But these pastors who have private jet and few billion $ for sure not follow Christ but the Devil .
I don't know what work this is that you were called directly by God to do for almost 30 years. The Apostle Paul was called to be an Apostle to the gentiles, directly by revelation of Jesus Christ, but did not become and Apostle without being first confirmed by the other Apostles and the laying on of hands. That same Apostle wrote of the importance of maintaining a certain order in the Church and in her gatherings. Thus, to some significant extent, hierarchical orgnaization should be recognized as proper.I have been ordained (recognized and chosen) by other elders in the gatherings. But, before this I was called and sent by God directly to do the work I have been doing for almost 30 years. I am a sent one and I have heard the call clearly many times.
The order I speak of was shown in scripture by the Spirit of God to me in many various aspects. I met with many other workers who see these things as well. I find that the ones who have certain gifts are shown and gifted in that area different things than others. For example a teacher is gifted by the Spirit to teach. A evangelist is gifted to evangelist an apostle is gifted to do the work or church planting and preaching the gospel and other aspects. Some who are pastors or prophets etc may not see the exact same things as the others. That is why all are needed as one body and every joint supplies.
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Paul taught the same things in every church everywhere.
But not in exactly the same order or with the exact same words. He emphasized some things over others depending upon the group he was addressing. You can see this very clearly in his letters. He did not exemplify a rigid, slavish adherence to a particular line or form of teaching.
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no you are in error here Paul said thisI don't know what work this is that you were called directly by God to do for almost 30 years. The Apostle Paul was called to be an Apostle to the gentiles, directly by revelation of Jesus Christ, but did not become and Apostle without being first confirmed by the other Apostles and the laying on of hands. That same Apostle wrote of the importance of maintaining a certain order in the Church and in her gatherings. Thus, to some significant extent, hierarchical orgnaization should be recognized as proper.
As far as God's order is discussed you may find this I wrote helpfulThat same Apostle wrote of the importance of maintaining a certain order in the Church and in her gatherings. Thus, to some significant extent, hierarchical orgnaization should be recognized as proper.
Yes, I'm already well aware of these things regarding the Apostle Paul, and that all authority of this kind is from God, not men, yet he still had to be confirmed visibly by the the laying on of hands. This is from God and from Scripture: "While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, 'Set apart for Me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.' So after they had fasted and prayed, they laid their hands on them and sent them off." (Acts 13:2-3)no you are in error here Paul said this
"Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead"(Galatians 1:1)
and he said of the other apostles
"But of these who seemed to be somewhat, (whatsoever they were, it maketh no matter to me: God accepteth no man's person:) for they who seemed to be somewhat in conference added nothing to me: 7 But contrariwise, when they saw that the gospel of the uncircumcision was committed unto me, as the gospel of the circumcision was unto Peter; 8 (For he that wrought effectually in Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision, the same was mighty in me toward the Gentiles:) 9 And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the heathen, and they unto the circumcision."(Galatians 2:6-9 KJV)
This was simply for them to go forth to a specific mission, and Barnabas was also called as an apostle in that situation. He was a prophet or teacher by Gods gift before as the chapter says previously.Yes, I'm already well aware of these things regarding the Apostle Paul, and that all authority of this kind is from God, not men, yet he still had to be confirmed visibly by the the laying on of hands. This is from God and from Scripture: "While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, 'Set apart for Me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.' So after they had fasted and prayed, they laid their hands on them and sent them off." (Acts 13:2-3)
Are you saying that Saul, who became Paul, was not sent off to his mission by the laying on of hands?
Bottom line, there are some bad pastors and there are some good pastors. And the position of a pastor is biblical. Some let the position go to their head and abuse it. It is not a position where one rules, but feeds and shepherds. There is no pastor king, just a bunch of yay-hoos seeking their own glory and tooting their own horn. As I said before, stop accusing people. There are some good pastors. It really stems from your own perception of the word used.
It is used once in Ephesians 4:11.
And he gave some, apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and teachers;
Ephesians 4 Interlinear
11 2532 [e]
11 kai
11 καὶ
11 and
11 Conj
846 [e]
autos
αὐτὸς
he
PPro-NM3S
1325 [e]
edōken
ἔδωκεν
gave
V-AIA-3S
3588 [e]
tous
τοὺς
some
Art-AMP
3303 [e]
men
μὲν
indeed
Conj
652 [e]
apostolous
ἀποστόλους ,
apostles
N-AMP
3588 [e]
tous
τοὺς
some
Art-AMP
1161 [e]
de
δὲ
moreover
Conj
4396 [e]
prophētas
προφήτας ,
prophets
N-AMP
3588 [e]
tous
τοὺς
some
Art-AMP
1161 [e]
de
δὲ
moreover
Conj
2099 [e]
euangelistas
εὐαγγελιστάς ,
evangelists
N-AMP
3588 [e]
tous
τοὺς
some
Art-AMP
1161 [e]
de
δὲ
moreover
Conj
4166 [e]
poimenas
ποιμένας
shepherds
N-AMP
2532 [e]
kai
καὶ
and
Conj
1320 [e]
didaskalous
διδασκάλους ,
teachers
N-AMP
◄ 4166. poimén ►
Strong's Concordance
poimén: a shepherd
Original Word: ποιμήν, ένος, ὁ
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: poimén
Phonetic Spelling: (poy-mane')
Short Definition: a shepherd
Definition: a shepherd; hence met: of the feeder, protector, and ruler of a flock of men.
HELPS Word-studies
4166 poimḗn – properly, a shepherd ("pastor" in Latin); (figuratively) someone who the Lord raises up to care for the total well-being of His flock (the people of the Lord).
[4166 (poimḗn) is closely associated with 1066 /Gedeṓn ("to feed the flock"), see Jn 21:15-17.]
NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin
of uncertain origin
Definition
a shepherd
NASB Translation
pastors (1), shepherd (13), shepherds (4).
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 4166: ποιμήν
ποιμήν, ποιμένος, ὁ (akin to the noun ποίᾳ, which see: (or from the root meaning 'to protect'; cf. Curtius, § 372; Fick 1:132)), from Homer down; the Sept. for רֹעֶה, a herdsman, especially a shepherd;
a. properly: Matthew 9:36; Matthew 25:32; Matthew 26:31; Mark 6:34; Mark 14:27; Luke 2:8, 15, 18, 20; John 10:2, 12; in the parable, he to whose care and control others have committed themselves, and whose precepts they follow, John 10:11, 14.
b. metaphorically, the presiding officer, manager, director, of any assembly: so of Christ the Head of the church, John 10:16; 1 Peter 2:25; Hebrews 13:20 (of the Jewish Messiah, Ezekiel 34:23); of the overseers of the Christian assemblies (A. V. pastors), Ephesians 4:11; cf. Ritschl, Entstehung der altkathol. Kirche, edition 2, p. 350f; (Hatch, Barnpron Lects. for 1880, p. 123f). (Of kings and princes we find ποιμένες λαῶν in Homer and Hesiod.)
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