The morality of what Israel is doing or will do is not based on what Hamas has done.
Oh, but I beg to differ. Israel is waging a just war against Hamas, the unjust aggressor. That difference is an important categorical moral distinction.
I think we agree that:
- Hamas is an evil organization that has and continues to commit evil acts.
- Hamas pledges to continue its evil acts until Israel is no more.
- Palestinians who materially cooperate with Hamas' evil acts are not innocent.
- Israel has a conditional right to self-defense.
Hamas knows that
ius in bellum theory allows those waging the just war to target sites that store war making supplies. They also know that
ius in bellum obligates those waging the just war to limit the loss of innocent lives in prosecuting the just war. So, Hamas places their war making supplies along with innocent Palestinians in presumably innocent locations. Are the Palestinians who choose to not flee from those compromised locations still innocent? Are those Palestinians that for good moral reasons remain in those locations cooperating to some extent with Hamas? I think so. Those who choose to remain at risk must accept the risk.
Regarding the numbers. The total population of Israel is ~ 9 millions; and ~ 6.75 millions of the total are of Jewish ethnicity. Of those 9 million, at least 6.75 million are innocent persons. Hamas is committed to kill, or at least displace, those 6.75 million.
The population of Gaza is ~ 2 millions. 1.96 million are Sunni Muslims. “Innocent” in wartime means all those not engaged in creating harm. We do not know how many Gazans are truly innocent. But it is hard to see, for example, how infants and young children could be anything other than innocent during wartime. CIA fact sheets report that of the 2 million Gazans, only ~ 280M are 9 years old or less. We presume at least that number of persons are innocent.
If someone is in danger of lethal harm, or if one or more of their important rights is being violated, by another then causing the other harm, even depriving others of their lives, can be justified. Israel just defense, given Hamas history, includes acts to prevent future terrorist attacks to protect innocent lives. How many innocent lives are at risk?
The number of Israeli innocent persons at risk at the extreme is 6.75 million; the number of Gazan innocent persons is less than 2 million. Weighing innocent lives equally gives Israel, I think, wide latitude in prosecuting their just war.