Almightys humble servant,
You wrote:
Isaiah 45:7 in the KJV states, "I form the light, and create darkness: I make peace, and
create evil:
I the LORD do all these things."
In the NIV it reads: "I form the light and create darkness, I bring prosperity and create disaster; I, the LORD, do all these things."
In the ESV, the translation is: "I form light and create darkness, I make well-being and create calamity, I am the LORD, who does all these things."
The NASB translation is: "The One forming light and creating darkness, causing well-being and creating calamity; I am the LORD who does all these."
Here is the contrast:
- "I make peace, and I create evil" (KJV);
- "I bring prosperity and create disaster" (NIV);
- "I make well-being and create calamity" (ESV);
- "Causing well-being and creating calamity; I am the LORD who does these" (NASB).
Does God, the Lord,
create moral evil, i.e. does God create sin, or does he
create calamity or disaster? There is quite a difference in the meaning. If God creates all the evil in the world, from the beginning of time until the end of this world, what kind of a God is he? If he creates calamities or disasters what kind of God is he?
The word translated "evil" or "disaster/calamity" is the Hebrew,
ra. It is true that the word can be used to refer to natural disasters or calamities. It is a very common word for evil as a general description in the OT. The "tree of the knowledge of good and
evil" in Gen. 2:9 uses this word, as is the
evil of the people that brought the judgment of Noahs flood (Gen. 6:5). The
evil of the men of Sodom and Gomorrah in Gen. 13:13 uses this word (Grudem 1994, p. 326 n7).
Ps. 34:14 reads, "Turn away from
evil and do good." Theres that word,
ra, again. We read of it again in Isa. 59:7, speaking of those whose "feet run to
evil." You can read it also in other passages in Isaiah (see Isa. 47:10, 11; 56:2; 57:1; 59:15; 65:12; 66:4).
There are many other OT passages that use
ra to refer to moral evil (i.e. sin) and to disaster/calamity. How do we know how to translate? The context will tell us. Does God create evil/sin, or does God create disaster?
As Gordon Lewis and Bruce Demarest put it: "Isaiah does not teach the blasphemous idea that the Lord creates sin!" (1987, p. 312). If we look to the context of Isa. 45:7, this is what we find:
· Isa.45:11, "Thus says the Lord, the Holy One of Israel." He is the God of holiness. So, God could not be the creator of sin. Sin is incompatible with Gods holiness.
· Isaiah predicted that sudden disaster would come to Babylon: "But evil shall come upon you, which you will not know how to charm away; disaster shall fall upon you, for which you will not be able to atone; and ruin shall come upon you suddenly, of which you know nothing" Isa 47:11 (ESV).
You can read a similar emphasis in Amos 3:6, which the KJV translates as: "Shall a trumpet be blown in the city, and the people not be afraid? Shall there be evil in a city, and the LORD has not done it?" The NIV translates as: "When a trumpet sounds in a city, do not the people tremble? When disaster comes to a city, has not the LORD caused it?"
It is only when there is judgment for sin that the prophets write as in Isa 45:7, "I bring prosperity and create disaster; I, the LORD, do all these things" (NIV). "Like a just judge, God decrees punishment for sin but he does not decree acts of sin" (Lewis and Demarest 1987, p. 312).
Remember Jonah who was thrown overboard by men on that ship travelling to Tarshish? "Then
they [the men on the boat] took Jonah and threw him overboard, and the raging sea grew calm" (Jonah 1:15, NIV).
However, five verses later, in Jonah 2:3, Jonah is praying to God, "You hurled me into the deep, into the very heart of the seas, and the currents swirled about me; all your waves and breakers swept over me" (NIV).
How is it that the men on the boat threw Jonah overboard and that God hurled Jonah into the deep? The Bible can affirm that men did it and that it was God in action. God brought about his plan by using the men on the boat. In a way that we dont quite understand, "God
caused [the men] to make a
willing choice to do what they did" (Grudem 1994, p. 326).
Alec Motyer observes concerning Isa. 45:7,
How does this relate to Isa. 45:7? God used people in Jonahs day to perform an evil action. In Isaiahs day, God brought disaster on Babylon through the use of human means.
God does not create all of the sinful evil in the world, but God does bring disaster or calamity as his judgment. It was God who created "the tree of the knowledge of good and evil" (Gen. 2:9).
References:
Wayne Grudem 1994,
Systematic Theology, Zondervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Gordon R. Lewis and Bruce A. Demarest 1987,
Integrative Theology, vol. 1, Academie Books (Zondervan Publishing House), Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Alec Motyer 1999,
Isaiah (Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries), Inter-Varsity Press, Leicester, England.
Sincerely,
Spencer