First off it is not so much how I define “desecration” as it is: how do we define “sin”.
God defines sin, so in Adam and Eve’s case the only way they might have been able to “sin” is by eating the fruit, because God defines “sin”.
A Jew in 30 AD sinned if he ate a pig, but in 35 AD that same Jew could eat a pig and not sin, because there is a timing issue (before and after Christianity), a person issue (Gentiles in 30AD could eat a pig without sinning) and a knowledge issue (since a Jew thinking in 35 AD he was sinning by eating a pig and doing it anyway would be a sin for him).
I do not see the priests shamefully “desecrating” the Sabbath day, since they were worshipping extremely hard and making the Sabbath Day truly a worship filled Holy day, but they did “desecrate” the Sabbath Law (the rules for the people to keep). I see Jesus saying “Sabbath” to mean “Sabbath Law”, since a Sabbath, as it is today, is just another “day” without the Sabbath Law.
We can conclude that God can make exceptions or additions to even God given laws.
Today we can keep and should keep the Sabbath Rest every day, but it is like the Priests did. We are in the Jubilee Age where every day is a Sabbath and we are all priests keeping the Sabbath. We do not “work” by God’s definition of work, but do everything in obedience to God’s commands (worship). The “addition” to the Sabbath law is worship is to be done on the Sabbath (which is the way it was prior to Christ) and we are all priests.