Paul takes the effort of writing Romans 1 and 2 to explain that Jews and Gentiles are both unrighteous, the former found so by Torah and the latter by conscience. This shows us that everybody is under the covenant of the law. In fact, Paul says that if a Gentlie observed what was required by Torah, then he would receive the benefits of the Sinaitic covenant, his uncircumcision would count as circumcision! He would be protected, as one who respected the law, was a doer of the law.
Not only are all unrighteous, that there is no one righteous, not even one, everybody is in the same situation, both Jew and Gentiles.
Is the Jew having no advantage then? Of course he had. He received revelation about how God would save mankind. His job was to be an oracle, be a light to the Gentiles. Was it God's fault if they were not faithful in this task? Were they right in saying that since everybody was a transgressor, their disobedience would only highlight God's righteousness? They were wrong, and their condemnation was well deserved.
Romans 3:8And why not say (as we are slanderously reported and as some claim that we say), "Let us do evil that good may come "? Their condemnation is just.
As well as being oracle bearers, salvation would come from the Jews. Even though God's promise to Abraham would only be fulfilled through the real Israel, the Israel that was the son of promise like Isaac, a product of faith, a nation not linked by blood to Abraham, but a nation consisting of both Jew and Gentile connected to Abraham by faith, the Messiah would be linked by blood to the blood line of Abraham, WOULD BE JEWISH.
John 4:2240l"You worship what you do not know; we worship what we know, for salvation is from the Jews.
Romans 9:5whose are the fathers, and from whom is the Christ according to the flesh, who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen.
Now that we are clear that everybody, both Jew and Gentiles were under the law, one with a formal covenant, the other without, we can see that nailing the law to the Cross released both Jew and Gentiles from the law.
Those who were under the law were cursed because they could not do all of it, an impossibility, because all are tied to a body of death.
The Cross completed the covenant. This covenant tied mankind to the law. Since the contract was completed, the tie was broken, just as death breaks the tie of a wife to a husband. Their marriage contract gets broken with death, and the survivor is free to remarry without breaking any laws, without being accused of adultery.
VERY IMPORTANT
The new mankind is now free from the law, because he is the inheritor, by being in Christ, who is the first fruit, the first beneficiary of the result of the completion of the old covenant.
What does free of the law mean?
Suppose a city possesses rule of law. For your information, there are cities and nations that do not have rule of law. Communist countries do not have rule of law. Some countries have rule of law on paper but do not have the machinery to enforce the law. For all practical purposes they also do not have the rule of law.
In the city which had rule of law, the law makers enforce basic law. A subset of Law is the set of laws that regulate road use, traffic rules. Everybody must stop at a red light. Are the law makers under the rule of law? Interestingly, no. The rules were made for the law makers, the law makers were not made for the rules. The law makers made the rules so that it would serve them, give them a safe method to use the road. If they could make them they could break them. When? When observing the rules created an unsafe condition!
Suppose a nuclear warhead was found to be defective, had become dangerous and needed to be transported to a facility to be made safe. The law makers would set all the lights to red, blockade all intersections and then pass through all the red lights to move the tractor trailer carrying the warhead to the facility to be disarmed. Now you can see how, to save people, law makers can break rules. The rules were made for people, not people for the rules. This type of situation actually occurred, when US airspace was shut down during the 9/11 attacks. However, US defence craft were allowed to operate, to protect the people.
Are all who are under the law under a curse?
Yes, because all are tied to a body of death.
Does this mean that everybody under Law went to Hell?
Those who failed to obey the law were destined for Hell.
However, those who cried out to God for mercy were under the guardianship , the protection, of the law, until Christ released them from the grave.
Obviously only those who tried to follow the law knew they were failures. Like the publican in the temple. The Pharisee replaced the law with a few rules that differentiated him from Gentiles. He never failed, he never asked for mercy, he never did ALL the Law. He was definitely not justified, found righteous.
You can see that there are two categories of people:
People who respect the law, are doers of the law, who are justified, Gentiles who heeded their conscience and Jews who followed both lighter and weightier requirements of the law (the publican in the Temple)
People who respected themselves, felt entitled to special treatment, because they possessed the law, were children of Abraham (the Pharisee in the Temple).
Man is under a curse because he is tied to the flesh AND because he knows good from evil, is culpable. Paul realised he needed help to save him from the body of death.
The writers of Scripture used flowery speech because they did not have the technical vocabulary we have today. Sometimes they used the same word to mean different things. Sarx, the flesh is used to mean:
the sinful nature , as in "The deeds of the flesh are obvious, which are: immorality, impurity, sensuality, idolatry, sorcery, enmities, strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, disputes, dissensions, factions, envying, drunkenness, carousing, and things like these" (Galatians 5:19-21),
or human effort: "Are you so foolish? Having begun by the Spirit, are you now being perfected by the flesh?" Galatia 3:3.
Similarly, death can also mean different things in Scripture.
These are the states man is found in:
Incompetent spiritually incompetent bodily.
Competent spiritually and incompetent bodily.
Competent spiritually and competent bodily.
Adam was incompetent spiritually and bodily. He was like the minor who could not be prosecuted under criminal law because he was underage. In other words, not culpable. By gaining knowledge of good and evil, he became competent spiritually. We are his descendants. Christ put to death the deeds of the body through learning obedience and became competent bodily.
Why did God create man? To nurture living beings whom He could love and be loved in return. That by the way is why men have families. Families are like gardens. The few good trees make up for the majority of the trees that sometimes don't bear fruit. How did God plant, nurture, prune and wait for His garden to bear fruit?
Remember how you learned to drive. An adult drove you to a large empty parking lot and put you into the driver's seat. You wandered all over the lot, doing things that would have got you a zillion tickets. Finally, you learned how to control the car and were able to move from point A to point B, at the right speed and along the path you set out for yourself. Now you are taught the traffic rules and let out on a quiet public road. As you drive along, you are told what rules you remembered to follow and what rules you forgot.
Just imagine if you were told what the rules were (received knowledge of good and evil) on the first day. You would have been paralyzed into a state of confusion, realised you were unequipped, naked.
Not only that, you would have not only broken a zillion rules, you would have been AWARE of them.
Did Adam break a law? Not really. Remember a minor is immune from prosecution. What Adam did was ignore a warning.
Don't touch the stove, you'll get burnt.
Don't run on the staircase, you'll fall.
When minors, or anybody, ignore warnings, they suffer the consequences. No one is immune from the laws, or principles, of physics. When a moving object meets another object, the object with the bigger mass decides the outcome!
In the case of God warning Adam he would die if he acquired knowledge of good and evil, Adam really did DIE.
He stopped growing.
Just think what would have happened to our imaginary driver in the parking lot if he was penalized for all the rules he broke. He would have his driving training stopped, killed off.
In just the same way, Adam was affected when he did the thing that removed his immunity. Without learning how to subdue the world, control his body, he was a sinner. He could no longer be in union with God. The very thing he needed to learn how to control his body. God lost His family member. Did God give up? No! He immediately set in motion a rescue plan.
Spiritually, we are all alive. We know right from wrong. We also know we have a body which we do not have the ability to control. We can only be safe by being IN Christ.
What does being born again mean?
It means we realise we need God to bring that body under control.
How do we come to that realisation?
Well, Scripture says that God put us in different places and different conditions and stirred us, so that somehow, we may seek Him out and turn to Him.
Acts 17:24“The God who made the world and all things in it, since He is Lord of heaven and earth, does not dwell in temples made with hands; 25nor is He served by human hands, as though He needed anything, since He Himself gives to all people life and breath and all things; 26and He made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth, having determined their appointed times and the boundaries of their habitation, 27that they would seek God, if perhaps they might grope for Him and find Him, though He is not far from each one of us; 28for in Him we live and move and exist, as even some of your own poets have said, ‘For we also are His children.’
To those who turned to Him, He opened their minds so that they would know what their situation was.
He also revealed to them how He would rescue them:
Hebrews 11:19All these died in faith, without receiving the promises, but having seen them and having welcomed them from a distance, and having confessed that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.14For those who say such things make it clear that they are seeking a country of their own. 15And indeed if they had been thinking of that country from which they went out, they would have had opportunity to return. 16But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God; for He has prepared a city for them.
John 3:3Jesus answered and said to him, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born again he cannot see the kingdom of God.”
Even Joshua could not lead them into that country:
Hebrews 4:8For if Joshua had given them rest, He would not have spoken of another day after that. 9So there remains a Sabbath rest for the people of God. 10For the one who has entered His rest has himself also rested from his works, as God did from His.
However, Christ, our High Priest did the work that enabled us to be in union with God, be in His presence, by being IN Him, the real Promised Land, through the Spirit, given when He ascended on high:
http://www.frame-poythress.org/ebooks/the-shadow-of-christ-in-the-law-of-moses/
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In agreement with this principle, Zech. 3 uses all the symbolism of a defiled human high priest Joshua and then speaks mysteriously of the Branch in connection with which “I will remove the sin of this land in a single day” (Zech. 3:9).
That Land, the new humanity, which we must enter, is present, in Christ.
Romans 7:22For I joyfully concur with the law of God in the inner man, 23but I see a different law in the members of my body, waging war against the law of my mind and making me a prisoner of the law of sin which is in my members. 24Wretched man that I am! Who will set me free from the body of this death? 25Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord!
What does live mean? It means that those who are delivered from the body of death can live as God planned for man to live. To love God by setting aside his own needs to serve God.
Of course with the fall, men transgressed, building up a sin debt. So the new man in Christ can love God by setting aside his own needs and participate with Christ, share in His afflictions, to make up what remains of Christ's work, by setting aside his own needs. Men can lay down their lives, by becoming sin bearers, by being in Christ, doing what God promised, being the righteousness of God, for their fellow men, by being in Christ.
Matthew Henry commentary on 2 Corinthians 5:21
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Our offended God has reconciled us to himself by Jesus Christ. By the inspiration of God, the Scriptures were written, which are the word of reconciliation; showing that peace has been made by the cross, and how we may be interested therein. Though God cannot lose by the quarrel, nor gain by the peace, yet he beseeches sinners to lay aside their enmity, and accept the salvation he offers. Christ knew no sin. He was made Sin; not a sinner, but Sin, a Sin-offering, a Sacrifice for sin. The end and design of all this was, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him, might be justified freely by the grace of God through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus. Can any lose, labour, or suffer too much for Him, who gave his beloved Son to be the Sacrifice for their sins, that they might be made the righteousness of God in him?
Summary
The Cross gave us immunity from the law.
The Cross gave us ability to follow the law, because the law hangs on loving God and loving our fellow man as ourselves.