• Starting today August 7th, 2024, in order to post in the Married Couples, Courting Couples, or Singles forums, you will not be allowed to post if you have your Marital status designated as private. Announcements will be made in the respective forums as well but please note that if yours is currently listed as Private, you will need to submit a ticket in the Support Area to have yours changed.

  • CF has always been a site that welcomes people from different backgrounds and beliefs to participate in discussion and even debate. That is the nature of its ministry. In view of recent events emotions are running very high. We need to remind people of some basic principles in debating on this site. We need to be civil when we express differences in opinion. No personal attacks. Avoid you, your statements. Don't characterize an entire political party with comparisons to Fascism or Communism or other extreme movements that committed atrocities. CF is not the place for broad brush or blanket statements about groups and political parties. Put the broad brushes and blankets away when you come to CF, better yet, put them in the incinerator. Debate had no place for them. We need to remember that people that commit acts of violence represent themselves or a small extreme faction.

The Surface Of The Sun

Michael

Contributor
Site Supporter
Feb 5, 2002
25,145
1,721
Mt. Shasta, California
Visit site
✟320,648.00
Gender
Male
Faith
Christian
Locrian said:
No, my doubts aren't about your tenacity. However, having read astroPJ plenty, I was well aware of what they wanted in a paper, and the one you linked to from here wasn't going to be acceptable. After all the defensive outbursts you gave in response to reasonable objections, there is a certain satisfaction in being right.

Being right about their prejudice wasn't exactly difficult to predict. I had no illusions about my very first paper being accepted in the APJ. It was a long shot from the beginning. I was just sending them notice that the days of the gas model theories are numbered. :)

It's good to see you've found a team to work with though, and I'm being honest when I say Good Luck in your research.

http://www.thesurfaceofthesun.com/jofe1.pdf

As you can see, our work has been already passed peer review and it has been published in the Journal of Fusion Energy. The APJ simply blew it as far as I'm concerned. :)
 
Upvote 0

Michael

Contributor
Site Supporter
Feb 5, 2002
25,145
1,721
Mt. Shasta, California
Visit site
✟320,648.00
Gender
Male
Faith
Christian
http://thesurfaceofthesun.com/blog.htm

Since STEREO should be launched in a few weeks, I thought it would be appropriate to provide a few key predictions that should be able to verify or falsify this solar model.

The two primary testable predictions that STEREO should be able to confirm or falsify based on it's 3D images of the sun, are the location of solar moss and the base of the coronal loops in relationship to the photosphere, and determine if the solar atmosphere is mass separated into layers that are arranged by the weight of the element.

Lockheed has always assumed that the "transition region" where the base of the coronal loops begin is located in the lower corona. This "assumption" was in place, even before the "transitional region and coronal explorer" (TRACE) spacecraft was launched. I however contend that the brightly lit bases of the coronal loops and solar moss events, originate about 4800Km *below* the surface of the photosphere. This is a key difference between Lockheed Martin's "interpretation" of these images and my interpretation of these images. Lockheed places the solar moss events in the lower corona, whereas I content that solar moss activity begins underneath the visible photosphere. Since the images have been two dimensional to this point in time, a certain amount of "interpretation" is required to decide where things are in relationship to one another. STEREO will change all that by giving us a 3D view of the solar atmosphere and it will allow us to mathmatically determine the relationships betweeen "layers" and wavelengths more readily.

The second key prediction in the solar model I've proposed is that plasma layers are mass separated by the element. Since calcium is heavier than helium, the calcium emissions in a Birkeland model should originate underneath the chromosphere, and photosphere, not in the chromosphere. The coronal loops will of course rise through all the layers, but there should be a noticeable distinction between the bulk of the calcium emisions and the helium emissions from the chromosphere in a Birkeland solar model.

Since gas model theory is predictated on the notion that plasmas *do not* substancially mass separate on the sun, this "revelation" should create quite a stir, and I suspect it will. :)

Anyway, since prediction is the key to testing the viability of any scientific model, it seemed appropriate to make these predictions regarding the STEREO data, and to put this model to the test. :)
 
Upvote 0

Michael

Contributor
Site Supporter
Feb 5, 2002
25,145
1,721
Mt. Shasta, California
Visit site
✟320,648.00
Gender
Male
Faith
Christian
http://thesurfaceofthesun.com/blog.htm
07/14/06
Where's the Moss?
moss6.jpg
[FONT=Verdana,Arial,Helvetica] If you're old enough to remember the Wendy's commercial, "Where's the Beef?", and you are results oriented, you will probably appreciate this next "prediction" related to the STEREO satellite program. One of the most significant differences between a Birkeland solar model interpretation of these satellite images and current gas model interpretation, relates to the placement of the solar moss events in relationship to the surface of the photosphere. The 'Trace' spacecraft is an abbreviation for "Transition Region And Coronal Explorer". Even before the TRACE spacecraft was launched, there was an "assumption" made inside of Lockheed Martin about where we should expect to find these million degree plasmas. Specifically the expectation was that we should expect to see such activity begin somewhere above the photosphere. Since that time, LMSAL has consistently "interpreted" this solar moss activity as originating approximately 1000-1500 kilometers above the surface of the photosphere. The problem with satellite image interpretation is that all TRACE, Yohkoh and SOHO images are only two dimensional images. The depth aspect has thus far required human "interpretation", but all of that is about to change in a radical way thanks to the hard work and efforts by the folks involved in the STEREO satellite program. [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana,Arial,Helvetica] STEREO will finally allow us to study the solar atmosphere in all three dimensions for the very first time. Three dimensional solar moss images will give us an extremely reliable way to determine if Lockheed's placement was a valid "assessment" on their part, or if their original assumptions and expectations regarding the location of the transition region have done more harm than good as it relates to satellite image interpretation. According to a Birkeland solar model, these emissions should begin at the solar surface. Based on data from the field of heliosiesmology the surface of the sun is located at about 4800km below the white light surface of the photosphere. Lockheed Martin however contends that these solar moss events occur far above the photosphere, and they label this region the "transition region". Determining the precise location of this solar moss activity in three dimensions then becomes a very useful way to determine the validity of LMSAL's early assumptions and expectations about the location of this region in relationship to the photosphere. It will also allow us to test their (and my) skills at satellite image "interpretation". Determining the precise location of these solar moss events in relationship to the surface of the photosphere will allow us to test the accuracy of both "interpretations". If Lockheed Martin's interpretation is correct, then this solar moss activity should take place between 1000 and 1500 kilometers above the visible photosphere. If a Birkeland interpretation of the satellite images is correct, then STEREO should "discover" that these solar moss events are in fact originating underneath of the surface of the photosphere, not above it. Only one of these two "interpretations" can be accurate and there is a 6000km difference in distance, and a 4000+ degree difference in temperature between these two "interpretations". The real question then to determining which interpretation is accurate is: "Where's the Moss"? STEREO should be able to answer that question for us, once and for all. Hopefully we should see some results from STEREO in a few months. Stay tuned![/FONT]
 
Upvote 0

KerrMetric

Well-Known Member
Oct 2, 2005
5,171
226
64
Pasadena, CA
✟6,671.00
Faith
Non-Denom
Marital Status
Married
Politics
US-Libertarian
Michael said:
http://www.thesurfaceofthesun.com/jofe1.pdf
As you can see, our work has been already passed peer review and it has been published in the Journal of Fusion Energy. The APJ simply blew it as far as I'm concerned. :)

Nice bait and switch. Your JFE paper is very circumspect in its treatment of the Sun and really concentrates on other hypotheticals. This paper would never get in ApJ where people who actually know stellar physics referee articles but you got in a far more obscure journal as a backdoor. No one reviewing for JFE probably has a clue about stellar structure.

I have seen your nonsense onion skin model for the Sun with the different layers.

Can you tell me how this reconciles with helioseismological data?

Your paper is also extremely weak in quantitative data that the cynic would argue is because nonsense rarely wants to be pinned down on facts.

Could you please tell me the thickness of these layers from photosphere down to the core and the mass of material n each. Approximations are fine - I just want ballpark numbers if you please.

ps

Did ApJ even send it to a referee and what were the comments you received. Because I know the Rolla chemistry people are looked at as loons in the stellar physics community.
 
Upvote 0

Michael

Contributor
Site Supporter
Feb 5, 2002
25,145
1,721
Mt. Shasta, California
Visit site
✟320,648.00
Gender
Male
Faith
Christian
KerrMetric said:
Nice bait and switch. Your JFE paper is very circumspect in its treatment of the Sun and really concentrates on other hypotheticals.

I'm not sure I follow you. It's written around a particle physics perspective, since that is Dr. Manuel's field of expertise.

This paper would never get in ApJ where people who actually know stellar physics referee articles but you got in a far more obscure journal as a backdoor.

Likewise Alfven had trouble getting his early work published in mainstream juornals. I would hardly call the JOFE a "backdoor" however. It's not astronomy oriented per se, but it is a respected scientific journal.

No one reviewing for JFE probably has a clue about stellar structure.

Considering their market is in the business of studing fusion, it is unlikely they haven't a clue about solar physics.

I have seen your nonsense onion skin model for the Sun with the different layers.

How do you know it's "nonsense" exactly?

Can you tell me how this reconciles with helioseismological data?

Quite well actually. Have you checked out the earlier entries of my blog page? I have been able to assertain the distance between the surface and the top of the photosphere using heliosiesmology data.

The tsunami video on my website was put together by Alexander Kosovichev.

Your paper is also extremely weak in quantitative data that the cynic would argue is because nonsense rarely wants to be pinned down on facts.

I fail to understand why you feel that way. I've made two very specific predictions on my website by the way that relate to STEREO data. If I didn't want to be "pinned down", I wouldn't have made such public predictions.

Could you please tell me the thickness of these layers from photosphere down to the core and the mass of material n each. Approximations are fine - I just want ballpark numbers if you please.

The corona is the hydrogen layer. I'm not sure it has a "depth" per se, other than perhaps from the sun to the solar sheath. The helium layer is just as specified for the depth of the chromosphere in current theory. The neon photosphere is about 550 Km, just as specified in current theory. The silicon layer is about 2800Km, and the calcium layer is about approximately 1400km deep.

The surface itself is composed of many materials, but is predominantly iron, and begins approximately .993R, and extend to about .985 - .970R based on the heliosiesmology data.

ps

Did ApJ even send it to a referee and what were the comments you received. Because I know the Rolla chemistry people are looked at as loons in the stellar physics community.

The ApJ simply sent me a "Dear Michael" letter actually. I will probably submit a different sort of paper to the ApJ again late this year, but frankly I don't expect to be taken seriously at the ApJ until the STEREO data starts to roll in. Maybe then the ApJ will seriously consider what I'm suggesting, but at the moment gas model theory is the accepted dogma, and nobody is going to give it up overnight.
 
Upvote 0

KerrMetric

Well-Known Member
Oct 2, 2005
5,171
226
64
Pasadena, CA
✟6,671.00
Faith
Non-Denom
Marital Status
Married
Politics
US-Libertarian
What is below your iron layer.

In other words could you please start at R=0 and go to R=Rsolar (i.e. 6.9598 x 10^10 cm) and list the composition of the layers in your model and the temperature and density in these layers.

i.e.
R=0 to R=R1 is material "blank" at a T of "blank" and a density of "blank"

R=R1 to R=R2 is material "blank" at a T of "blank" and a density of "blank"

etc etc

until

R=Rx to Rsolar is material "blank" at a T of "blank" and a density of "blank"

Thanks.
 
Upvote 0

Michael

Contributor
Site Supporter
Feb 5, 2002
25,145
1,721
Mt. Shasta, California
Visit site
✟320,648.00
Gender
Male
Faith
Christian
KerrMetric said:
What is below your iron layer.

More than likely what is below the crust is a series of inner plasma layers, arranged by weight, ending in a layer of predominantly uranium and plutonium that are compressed from above. This layer is more than likely producing fision energy. If Dr. Manuel is correct, then there is actually a spinning neutron core in the middle, with various plasmas separated by element. I find both of these explainations, or more specifically, a combination of these explanations, to be very cmpelling. At the moment, I could not tell you the thicknesses, temperatures and pressures of the various inner layers.

Most of my theories came about based on what I could actually observe in solar satellite images. Unfortunately I cannot yet "see" beneath the visible surface. Heliosiesmology may ultimately answer these types of questions, but certainly not until the industry starts to look for these answers based on a Birkeland solar theory. At the moment, there aren't a lot of forthcomming explanations for the stratification layers found in heliosiesmology data, that block the upward and downward flow of plasma in what is supposed to be an open convections zone in gas model solar theory.

Perhaps you'd care to explain that subsurface stratification layer seen in the heliosiesmology data based on gas model theory?
 
Upvote 0

KerrMetric

Well-Known Member
Oct 2, 2005
5,171
226
64
Pasadena, CA
✟6,671.00
Faith
Non-Denom
Marital Status
Married
Politics
US-Libertarian
Are you saying all stars (or most of them) are objects such as you describe?

Do you think your structure is dynamically stable?

Why can't you tell me the inner structure? You should be able to do this approximately from back of the envelope calculations.

What is the mass of your outer layers that you do claim exist? Why does this inherently unstable structure not collapse?

What is the source for all the heavy elements in your model as opposed to observed galactic abundances?

Why does standard stellar theory explain literally thousands of observations and stellar types and lifetimes? This would be a joke to consider for your model.
 
Upvote 0

Michael

Contributor
Site Supporter
Feb 5, 2002
25,145
1,721
Mt. Shasta, California
Visit site
✟320,648.00
Gender
Male
Faith
Christian
KerrMetric said:
Are you saying all stars (or most of them) are objects such as you describe?

Probably.

Do you think your structure is dynamically stable?

Yes. Space does interesting things with spheres and creates dynamically stable shapes in ways that can "seem" unstable at first glance.

http://pof.aip.org/pof/gallery/video/2005/911509phflong.mov

Why can't you tell me the inner structure?

Because using satellite technology, I can only see down to the surface, and heliosiesmology theory is currently based on gas model theory.

You should be able to do this approximately from back of the envelope calculations.

How do you know it's that simple in the first place? Calculations are not observations.

What is the mass of your outer layers that you do claim exist?

The surface is approximately the density of Olivine, but it's relateively thin. I won't take up more than about 10% of the total mass.

Why does this inherently unstable structure not collapse?

Pressure, density, and the magnetic fields permiating space. Why doesn't the water shell collapse?

What is the source for all the heavy elements in your model as opposed to observed galactic abundances?

Meteorites. Galactic abundance numbers are based on the belief that a sun does not mass separate. If you remove that premise, abundance numbers can change dramatically.

Why does standard stellar theory explain literally thousands of observations and stellar types and lifetimes?

Who says it does? It's used to "appoximate" thousands of other stellar types and lifetimes, but that does not mean it's accurate.

This would be a joke to consider for your model.

It would be much more complicated to calculate such numbers for a Birkeland solar model, and such calculations may need to include many external factors, but it is not a "joke".
 
Upvote 0

Michael

Contributor
Site Supporter
Feb 5, 2002
25,145
1,721
Mt. Shasta, California
Visit site
✟320,648.00
Gender
Male
Faith
Christian
KerrMetric said:
What do you say to the deeper helioseismological data showing the sound speed profile down to approx. 0.3 R?

I would say this total profile is based on a number of assumptions, and uses models that are based on gas model theory.

Why is this so in accord with standard stellar physics?

Most of these numbers are going to be based on density changes over time which would be true in any compressed oriented model. Its so "in accord" with current theory, because the modeling techniques use solar theory to calculate a series of "shells", each dependent on the density of the shell above it, and deviations from this theory are chalked up to "temperature differences" which are then reincorporated back into new shell models.
 
Upvote 0

KerrMetric

Well-Known Member
Oct 2, 2005
5,171
226
64
Pasadena, CA
✟6,671.00
Faith
Non-Denom
Marital Status
Married
Politics
US-Libertarian
Michael, I'm afraid you haven't a clue about standard stellar physics. You don't even understand how helioseismology is done it seems - never mind propose an alternative to the observations. I said it in a prior post - you seemingly have no experience in how to write a journal paper either. Your so called "model" is extremely hand wavy in nature and is based on ad hoc explanations of some pictures you seem to find puzzling. I also find it curious why you keep touting this Russian paper on a layer at 0.995 R which has absolutely nothing to do with your model in anyway shape or form.

This following quote speaks volumes of your experience in stellar physics:

Most of these numbers are going to be based on density changes over time which would be true in any compressed oriented model. Its so "in accord" with current theory, because the modeling techniques use solar theory to calculate a series of "shells", each dependent on the density of the shell above it, and deviations from this theory are chalked up to "temperature differences" which are then reincorporated back into new shell models.

This is almost unparsable. Have you any experience in stellar evolution codes at all? I doubt it.

Pressure, density, and the magnetic fields permiating space. Why doesn't the water shell collapse?


What water shell?

Have you even calculated the dynamics of your structure? It surely cannot support itself and would be inherently unstable.

Do you know what the solar gravitational quadrupole moment is? Do you know what effects your structure would have?


Meteorites. Galactic abundance numbers are based on the belief that a sun does not mass separate. If you remove that premise, abundance numbers can change dramatically.


Again - have you ever studied physics or astronomy? I doubt it. Here you show a complete ignorance of 20th century astronomy. Galactic abundances are based upon no such thing, period.

And finally the real doozy:

Who says it does? It's used to "appoximate" thousands of other stellar types and lifetimes, but that does not mean it's accurate.


What do you mean "who says it does?"

The observations say it does. When we look at stellar systems the types and numbers of stars present of differeing types are in the proportions we expect based upon their lifetimes. We see what we expect to see based upon standard stellar theory - to the point it is ludicrous to think this is coincidence.

You just don't know any astronomy or astrophysics Michael - and what you think you know you have woefully misunderstood. You'll never get published in ApJ with material so fringe and based upon misunderstanding as this.
 
Upvote 0

Michael

Contributor
Site Supporter
Feb 5, 2002
25,145
1,721
Mt. Shasta, California
Visit site
✟320,648.00
Gender
Male
Faith
Christian
KerrMetric said:
Michael, I'm afraid you haven't a clue about standard stellar physics.

I'm afraid I do understand solar physics, which is why this sort of "put down" routine isn't going to work with me.

I can prove I know a lot more about solar physics than you do, by asking you to explain just the very first running difference image on my website using gas model solar theory that is attentive to detail.

http://trace.lmsal.com/POD/movies/T171_000828.avi

For instance, what is the light source of this running difference image? What creates the consistent patterns in the image, that hold the same geomentrical relationships to one another? What causes the "peeling" effect we see on the right? What is that "dust in the plasma wind" we see blowing around just after the CME? I'm betting you can't answer these questions using gas model theory whereas I can answer all of them using a Birkeland solar model.

You don't even understand how helioseismology is done it seems - never mind propose an alternative to the observations.

Actually, I've debated these ideas in cyberspace for over a year now. Many of the folks I've spoken with are quite versed in heliosiesmology data. It is in fact during these debates that I picked up much of the material you see on my website, particularly on the blog page. Why does the mass flow pattern go horizontal at about 3500 Km under the surface of sunspot? What is that stratification subsurface and what's it doing sitting in the middle of what is supposed to be an open convection zone? Why do the mass flow patterns from underneath the surface "flare out" and move out and away from the upward travelling column of plasma?

I said it in a prior post - you seemingly have no experience in how to write a journal paper either.

That may have been true back then, but as you can see, I 've picked up some help along the way from folks that do understand the routine far better than I do, and we have already gotten some of our work published in a respected scientific journal.

Your so called "model" is extremely hand wavy in nature and is based on ad hoc explanations of some pictures you seem to find puzzling.

Likewise, gas model solar theory is extremely hand wavy in nature and cannot explain something as critical as the heat source of the corona, whereas I have no trouble isolating the heat source of the corona.

I also find it curious why you keep touting this Russian paper on a layer at 0.995 R which has absolutely nothing to do with your model in anyway shape or form.

Dr. Kosovichev works at Stanford University. His work has been published many times by the ApJ. I think you are underestimating the value of his work.

http://quake.stanford.edu/~sasha/sasha.html

This is almost unparsable. Have you any experience in stellar evolution codes at all? I doubt it.

Are we going to question each other back and forth?

What water shell?

I take it you didn't watch the entire video?
http://pof.aip.org/pof/gallery/video/2005/911509phflong.mov

Have you even calculated the dynamics of your structure? It surely cannot support itself and would be inherently unstable.

You will need to quantify and qualify your objection in some tangible matter for me to actually comment.

Do you know what the solar gravitational quadrupole moment is? Do you know what effects your structure would have?

Can you explain a running difference image? What is the light source? What causes the "patterns" we see in these images? Why do they remain so stable over such long periods of time? I can play this game too.

Again - have you ever studied physics or astronomy? I doubt it.

Then you would be wrong. I have been studying astronomy since about the age of 15, which is now over 30 years ago. I've been studying solar physics in particular, and satellite imagery specifically for almost 15 years since the first Yohkoh images.

Here you show a complete ignorance of 20th century astronomy. Galactic abundances are based upon no such thing, period.

You know if you are going to be rude, you should at least be acurate. Gas model theory is predictated on the notion that plasmas do not mass separate into layers, with heavier elements sinking to the bottom with lighter elements rising to the top. If that *assumption* is inaccurate, then all the elemental abundance numbers you speak of are completely inaccurate. The outer and hotter hydrogen and helium layers would simply be overrepresented in the spectral data.

What do you mean "who says it does?"


I mean who's actually been there to test to see if these temperature guestimates are actually accurate?

The observations say it does. When we look at stellar systems the types and numbers of stars present of differeing types are in the proportions we expect based upon their lifetimes. We see what we expect to see based upon standard stellar theory - to the point it is ludicrous to think this is coincidence.

I think it would be ludicrous to not expect mainstream theory to create theoretical predictions about various distant objects. I think it's naive to assume that these calculations always work properly:

http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Astronomers_Weigh_Adopted_Twin_Brown_Dwarfs.html
Carefully measuring the light spectrum coming from the pair enabled the researchers to determine their surface temperatures. Theory predicts the more massive of the two should be hotter, but the team found just the opposite: The heavier dwarf shows a temperature of 2,650 degrees Kelvin (4,310 degrees Fahrenheit), while the lighter one is 2,790 degrees K (4,562 degrees F). The Sun is 5,900 degrees K (9,980 degrees F) at its surface.

Emphasis mine.

Evidently current theory doesn't always jive with actual observation. In theory the bigger of the two should have been the hotter of the two, particularly since it is considerably larger than the other. The observations however revealed exactly the opposite is true. So much for batting 1000 based on theory.

You just don't know any astronomy or astrophysics Michael

That is simply not true which is exactly why these bulllying tactics won't work on me. When I hear you explain a running difference image, then you can lecture me about how much more you know about astrophysics than I do.

- and what you think you know you have woefully misunderstood.

Demonstrate it to me then. Explain that first running difference image and answer the questions I asked you. Then we'll discuss your ideas and my ideas and we'll see which ideas are better. I can't *know* I've misunderstood something until someone else can offer a "better" scientific explantion for these images. Lets hear it?

You'll never get published in ApJ with material so fringe and based upon misunderstanding as this.

First of all the "materials" I'm using are not "fringe" materials. All the images and data I'm using come straight from NASA, Lockheed or Stanford. The worst thing you might say is that my "interpretation" of these images is the "minority" viewpoint.

Secondly, getting published in the ApJ wasn't the main goal of this process and it never will be. I have already been published in a respected and peer reviewed science journal. That's all I was after.

I don't really even expect the ApJ to publish anything I write until/unless the STEREO data comes back and supports my
STEREO predictions, and I actually submit something to them that isn't "hostile" toward the whole gas model theory. I really didn't have any illusions about a hostice first paper getting published in the ApJ.

Then they may actually get interested in the idea. Until then, there is way too much funding money at risk, far too many reputations at stake, and far to much politics involved to think that the ApJ is going to publish something like that first paper I submitted. I will eventually get around to
 
Upvote 0

KerrMetric

Well-Known Member
Oct 2, 2005
5,171
226
64
Pasadena, CA
✟6,671.00
Faith
Non-Denom
Marital Status
Married
Politics
US-Libertarian
Michael said:
Then they may actually get interested in the idea. Until then, there is way too much funding money at risk, far too many reputations at stake, and far to much politics involved to think that the ApJ is going to publish something like that first paper I submitted. I will eventually get around to

The typical cry of those who cannot get their work accepted - the ubiquitous appeal to conspiracy.
 
Upvote 0

KerrMetric

Well-Known Member
Oct 2, 2005
5,171
226
64
Pasadena, CA
✟6,671.00
Faith
Non-Denom
Marital Status
Married
Politics
US-Libertarian
Michael said:
You know if you are going to be rude, you should at least be acurate. Gas model theory is predictated on the notion that plasmas do not mass separate into layers, with heavier elements sinking to the bottom with lighter elements rising to the top. If that *assumption* is inaccurate, then all the elemental abundance numbers you speak of are completely inaccurate. The outer and hotter hydrogen and helium layers would simply be overrepresented in the spectral data.


Where do you get this rubbish from? Gravitational settling and radiational levitation are now commonly treated in stellar modelling codes. You do realise that elements like iron will not sink don't you under most stellar conditions?

Even prior to that - no one ever says density stratification and abundance gradients are not present in the solar interior. In fact, the treatments of internal mixing via hydrodynamical mechanisms incorporate mu gradients in them as the opposing mechanism to the currents driven by rotation.

I should know something about such codes - I write them!!!!!!!! I did my PhD in this area.

ps

Nice of you to pick the brown dwarf temperature example - a situation far more complex than standard main sequence stars - and the fact it is a binary always leaves open the possibility of mass transfer at some stage changing basic expectation.

I also notice you totally avoid the quadrupole question. You can't just have any structure you want for the Sun and expect the orbit of Mercury to not be affected you know.

 
Upvote 0

KerrMetric

Well-Known Member
Oct 2, 2005
5,171
226
64
Pasadena, CA
✟6,671.00
Faith
Non-Denom
Marital Status
Married
Politics
US-Libertarian
What relevance does a sphere of water in zero g have here? It's not a shell but a sphere anyway.

I don't question the Russian guys work - I question your use of it.

And you are repeatedly making basic errors of astronomy that shows you haven't studied it.

You claim helium would be over-represented yet helium will sink and standard models often take account of this. The effect isn't great but it is there. You claim iron like elements will sink yet this is an example of an element that doesn't - in fact it does the opposite in most stellar regimes.

You really need to brush up.
 
Upvote 0

Michael

Contributor
Site Supporter
Feb 5, 2002
25,145
1,721
Mt. Shasta, California
Visit site
✟320,648.00
Gender
Male
Faith
Christian
KerrMetric said:
The typical cry of those who cannot get their work accepted - the ubiquitous appeal to conspiracy.

Huh? I'm not complaining about anything, nor do I see any giant conspiracy. Due to it's tone, the paper I wrote for the ApJ had about a snowballs chance in hell of actually being published. I don't blame anyoone, nor am I complaining. I've been published through other outlets with papers that were written a lot better. I'm not even knocking the ApJ for rejecting that first paper. I certainly see no "conspiracy" over it. It's just politics.
 
Upvote 0