The OT tithe was Never money, only agricultural crops, including animals.
Carpenters, masons, tent makers, garment makers, metal workers, etc. did not ever pay tithes at all.
Well, I'll start with my last statement: The difference of God's Mosaic Law tithe is that it took from the wealthy and gave to the poor. The poor did not pay tithes, the poor
received tithes.
The primary tithe was a festival in which everyone in Israel participated. It was a giant, national potluck dinner. Everyone was supposed to bring plenty of food. Those who were wealthy brought more than those who were poor--by that 10% proportion. Those who were extremely poor brought little or nothing. I don't know for sure that non-farmers did not participate because participation in the feast was called to be universal.
Use the silver to buy whatever you like: cattle, sheep, wine or other fermented drink, or anything you wish. Then you and your household shall eat there in the presence of the LORD your God and rejoice. -Deuteronomy 14.
Although this provision was primarily for farmers traveling too far to convey actual food, it would also likely apply to the carpenters, masons, tent makers, garment makers, metal workers, etc. Everyone was called to be part of the tithe feast.
I'll also say this for the benefit of people who only know about the Mosaic tithe the bits their pastors chose to feed them:
"Tithe off the top." Sorry, that's a lie. Scripture says:
Every tithe of the herd and flock--every tenth animal that passes under the shepherd's rod--will be holy to the LORD. -- Leviticus 27
That's not the first animal, that's the
tenth animal. A farmer with only nine animals would be too animal-poor to tithe any animal at all.
"Tithe only the best." Nope, another lie. Scripture says:
No one may pick out the good from the bad or make any substitution. If anyone does make a substitution, both the animal and its substitute become holy and cannot be redeemed. -- Leviticus 27
The tithe feast was the big deal for God. Second to that was the triennial tithe for the welfare of the priests--who served the people but were not given land of their own to raise their own livestock and crops.
That is why the Levites have no share or inheritance among their fellow Israelites; the LORD is their inheritance, as the LORD your God told them. -- Deuteronomy 10
The Levites, however, do not get a portion among you, because the priestly service of the LORD is their inheritance. -- Joshua 18
A couple of things interesting here. Although there is considerable New Testament conversation about managing money and meeting the needs of everyone, "tithing" is not mentioned in any of those conversations.
The specific OT passages referenced in the NT for handling money are Exodus 16:18 and Deuteronomy 25:4.