The context of what laws Christ is referring to is established in v17, saying "the law and the prophets," which is an all-inclusive term rather than one that isolates a subset.
No because the next verse speaks of a law
that not a jot or tittle can pass from.
We already know the law of Moses what was outside the ark was never meant to be permeant from Scripture, written on ink by man on scrolls. Deut 31:24-26
But if we allow Scripture to define Scripture two predictions Jesus would do about the laws and He fulfilled both. One He put and end to, the other He magnified and made greater.
Dan 9:27 Then he shall confirm a covenant with many for one week; But in the middle of the week
He shall bring an end to sacrifice and offering.
So it can't be the "entire" law that not a jot or tittle can pass from because clearly there was a jot or tittle that ended from the law of Moses.
That leaves the Ten Commandments- what the Holy Spirit of Truth wrote and written in stone for its eternal nature that is under the mercy seat of God in His ark and in heaven Rev15:5 Rev11:19. If there was going to be a law that not a jot or tittle would pass from, just using our God-given common sense would it be laws written by man on paper, or the law of God written
by God personally Himself that He placed inside His ark on stone?
Thankfully we do not need to guess Jesus literally spelled this out.....
This is the law not a jot or tittle that would pass because He was predicted to MAGNIFY these laws
Isa 42:21 The Lord is well pleased for his righteousness' sake
; he will magnify the law, and make it honourable.
Magnify means greater, not smaller, which law that not a jot or tittle will pass from that He made larger? Jesus tells us in the same passage, no need to lean on our own understanding....
This is the Law not a jot or tittle can pass from yet alone an entire comamndment or two if we are going to place our faith in what Jesus says.
Mat 5:21
“You have heard that it was said to those [d]of old, ‘You shall not murder, and whoever murders will be in danger of the judgment.’ 22
But I say to you (magnified) that whoever is angry with his brother [e]without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment. And whoever says to his brother, ‘Raca!’[
f] shall be in danger of the council. But whoever says, [
g]‘You fool!’ shall be in danger of [
h]hell fire. 23 Therefore if you bring your gift to the altar, and there remember that your brother has something against you, 24 leave your gift there before the altar, and go your way. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift. 25 Agree with your adversary quickly, while you are on the way with him, lest your adversary deliver you to the judge, the judge hand you over to the officer, and you be thrown into prison. 26 Assuredly, I say to you, you will by no means get out of there till you have paid the last penny.
27 “
You have heard that it was said [i]to those of old, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’ 28
(Magnified) But I say to you that whoever looks at a woman to lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart. 29 If your right eye causes you to [
j]sin, pluck it out and cast
it from you; for it is more profitable for you that one of your members perish, than for your whole body to be cast into hell. 30 And if your right hand causes you to [
k]sin, cut it off and cast
it from you; for it is more profitable for you that one of your members perish, than for your whole body to be cast into hell.
Jesus is of course quoting the Ten Commandments, what He personally wrote that He did not come to destroy but to fulfill, which He predicted He would magnify, means make greater and Jesus did just that. He is addresses the heart issue, so we we are not subjecting ourselves to the law of God Rom8:7-8 the heart is the issue. If we go to Jesus and ask His help in changing our heart, the law of God would be happily kept by love and we would not break or want to break the least of them Exo20:6 John14:15
Not a jot or tittle can pass from this Law because no one is above God. Its that simply. Trying to edit, change, explain to be different than what God said plainly sadly ends up doing exactly what Jesus warned about in this very passage Mat5:19-20. In my view its best to let God be God to define what belongs to Him and He does clearly. Sadly man just doesn;t like it so instead of just embracing looks for ways around it. This is nothing new, why many before us never entered into their promise land (rest) because of disobedience. Heb4:11 what He is trying to get our attention on if we hear Him Heb3:7-19