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Where does morality come from?

stevevw

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They can be anything, as is very apparent any moral discussion uses differnet arguments.
So you're saying there is no independent measure apart from an individual's personal opinion.

You cant use arguments why rape is wrong? How horrible, you would commit rape if you didnt believe in "objective morality"?
I am not saying that. I am saying what is the difference under a subjective moral system between a personal opinion that rape is wrong or rape is OK to do. What is the determination that says what is right or wrong?

Right is determined by might (as is apparent by definition).
What's that got to do with what I am talking about. You're changing the subject.

Also, "white mans burden" is sprung out of a belief in "objective morality".
You still haven't answered the question. Is female circumcision morally wrong? Are the African tribes who practice this morally wrong and should cease to have this subjective moral view. If they are wrong by what measure are they wrong and does the west have the right to demand they stop and conform to the west version of morality. If so by what measure is the west claiming that they hold the key to moral truth.
 
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VirOptimus

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So you're saying there is no independent measure apart from an individual's personal opinion.

I am not saying that. I am saying what is the difference under a subjective moral system between a personal opinion that rape is wrong or rape is OK to do. What is the determination that says what is right or wrong?

What's that got to do with what I am talking about. You're changing the subject.

You still haven't answered the question. Is female circumcision morally wrong? Are the African tribes who practice this morally wrong and should cease to have this subjective moral view. If they are wrong by what measure are they wrong and does the west have the right to demand they stop and conform to the west version of morality. If so by what measure is the west claiming that they hold the key to moral truth.
I certainly dont think the west hold the key to moral truth, do you?

I’m not sure how many times I have to say the same thing. All morals stand on the strength of their arguments. There are no universal truths regarding morals.
 
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Moral Orel

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I'm not sure about that. He has defined "subjective morality" as anything not dictated to us by a transcendent intelligent being. That is not identical to moral nihilism.
He described subjective morality as being based on likes, dislikes, and preferences; that is accurate. You said that by describing it in such a way he was conflating it with moral nihilism; that is inaccurate.

Now, he's concluded that if there is no transcendent being, then there is no objective morality, then morality is subjective, which is faulty (because it would still be subjective even with a god). But the description of what subjective morality states is accurate.
 
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Moral Orel

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I’m not sure how many times I have to say the same thing. All morals stand on the strength of their arguments. There are no universal truths regarding morals.
How do you make an argument using premises that aren't true?
 
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Speedwell

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He described subjective morality as being based on likes, dislikes, and preferences; that is accurate. You said that by describing it in such a way he was conflating it with moral nihilism; that is inaccurate.
Sorry, I still don't get it. Steve asserts that absent moral objectivity there can be no moral right or wrong. Why isn't that nihilism?
 
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2PhiloVoid

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yes, that's true and that is why it is good to have another person who can offer a different way of explaining things. I think I have more or less used this example but you say it better.

Oh, I don't know. I haven't had the chance to read everything you've written in this thread, but I think you've been doing fairly well, really. :cool:
 
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Moral Orel

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What are you talking about?
You've said repeatedly that morals can be argued, but since nothing is really good or bad, I don't understand what you're arguing with.
 
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VirOptimus

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You've said repeatedly that morals can be argued, but since nothing is really good or bad, I don't understand what you're arguing with.
You can argue morals without just using "good", "evil" or "bad".

In fact, all do. You argue the consequenses, or how you want society to function.
 
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Moral Orel

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Sorry, I still don't get it. Steve asserts that absent moral objectivity there can be no moral right or wrong. Why isn't that nihilism?
It's everything that isn't objective morality, which is a lot of things. Either there are moral facts, or there are not. If you believe there are moral facts, then you're an objectivist. If you believe there are no moral facts, then you are a subjectivist. If there are no moral facts, then it isn't possible to be correct or incorrect, is it?
 
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Moral Orel

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You can argue morals without just using "good", "evil" or "bad".

In fact, all do. You argue the consequenses, or how you want society to function.
How about a brief example?
 
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Kylie

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Personally you may believe that their opinion is not valid but under the system of subjective morality, you have to acknowledge that their opinion is just as valid as yours and has a right to stand as it is just another subjective opinion under that system.

And when those women who are being abused cry out for help, what do I do? Do I tell them that they should respect the morality of their abusers? Of course not. I step to help them. I stand with them as an ally, and I support them.

Just because morality is subjective doesn't mean I have to treat other people's moral viewpoints as equal to my own, PARTICULARLY if those morals result in people getting hurt.

Morality is based on philosophical beliefs that are not measured directly by science so this is a different form of evidence-based which is based on propositions. But if you want the type of evidence that you claim by science then the only way is through indirect evidence which comes from lived moral experience.

You claim it is evidence, but it is not checkable or verifiable in any way. Sounds like opinion to me, and guess what? Opinion is subjective!

Then why do most people IE
Most of us see ourselves as capable of recognizing what is good, bad, valuable, and worthwhile. We think of ourselves as beings whose moral beliefs — about the badness of suffering, for example — are objectively true.
https://arcdigital.media/morals-are-objective-d647dc5bf12a

So what? Most people HAVE THE OPINION that what they think is good is good and what they think is bad is bad. It's still a subjective opinion.

People are often unwilling to think of ethics as their own preferences, rather than demands from something more transcendent. For instance, it’s normal to claim that one really wants to make one choice, but it’s only ethical to make the other.
Morality is subjective preference, but it can be objectively wrong

Again, this is talking about what people prefer to think. Did you even read the article? Did you even read the first four words of the headline?

including the experts say that our lived experience shows there are objective morals. IE
Are there good arguments for objective morality? What do philosophers think about moral realism?
A 2009 PhilPapers survey shows that 56.4% of philosophers were moral realists, 27.7% weren’t, and 15.9% held some other position. For every philosopher who thinks there aren’t any objective moral facts, two philosophers think there are.

Argument from popularity again? Come on, why do you even try that?


But even philosophers who are committed to moral anti-realism think that there are some good reasons to be a moral realist. They don’t think that proponents of objective morality are just confused, rhetorically sneaky, or crypto-theists.

But if the question was not “is moral realism true” but “is there a good case to be made for moral realism”, I suspect the percentage would jump from 56.4% to somewhere in the high nineties.

Are there good arguments for objective morality? What do philosophers think about moral realism? : AskPhilosophyFAQ

The fact that it can work out better if people pretend there are objective morals doesn't mean that there really are objective morals.

So just about all the experts in the field of ethics and morality, the ones who understand and know best about morality think there is a good case for morals being objective.

The only case you made for that was your argument from popularity.

The rest was you arguing that there's a good case to pretend morals are objective. But I for one prefer to deal with reality, not pretend.

I don't get your argument, it is a strange logic. You earlier were using animals as having similar morals to humans. I was saying that if morality was created by evolution, the need to survive then just like the lion killing another lion and their cubs would be OK to do if it meant survival. In other words, evolution does not explain the moral right and wrong.

No, I said animals have what we could consider morality. I never said there morality MUST be similar to that of Humans. I was showing that when animals are faced with situations we would consider have a strong moral component, they react in ways that show that they have some kind of moral view.

Please refer to the above link I have posted. Actually it seems you link lend more support for what I am saying. IE
Moral relativism is an important topic in metaethics. It is also widely discussed outside philosophy (for example, by political and religious leaders), and it is controversial among philosophers and nonphilosophers alike. This is perhaps not surprising in view of recent evidence that people's intuitions about moral relativism vary widely. Though many philosophers are quite critical of moral relativism, there are several contemporary philosophers who defend forms of it.

Your link seems to say that moral relativism is a controversial topic among philosophers. That many philosophers are critical of moral relativism and only several philosophers defend it. This supports my link that the majority of philosophers support moral realism. Just a footnote moral relativism though similar to subjective morality is a little different in that moral relativity usually applies to cultures having different moral views to their relative position.

I posted the link to show that there are philosophers out there who believe that morality is subjective, not objective.

OK then I have to point out again that
If the measurement point for moral right and wrong is within humans then whatever and whoever can make a good argument for what is right and wrong will be the measure of what is right and wrong. That could be almost anything and we have seen this in society. IE a moral wrong can be argued as right and there is no way to independently measure it is truthfully bad.

And again I will point out that we see this. Different states in the USA have different laws about the death penalty. Some states think it is okay to execute certain criminals, while other states don't. If there really was an objective morality, then we would not see this discrepancy. It could be shown without any doubt using this objective morality whether it is right or wrong to execute certain criminals. Yet we do not see this. It is evidence for subjective morality.


My point is is that a subjective moral system cannot determine what is ultimately right or wrong morally and therefore what you consider a moral wrong can be justified as being OK to do. You have to accept that is part of the system. Whereas under an objective system I can say no that claim that the act is a valid subjective view is objectively wrong no matter what the person argues or claims.

And you are proceeding from a faulty premise - there is no ultimate right and wrong!

A subjective moral system has no real authority to weed out what we would consider always wrong because there is no way to tell. Your personal opinion is not enough as the person claiming the moral position you think is horrible can claim that this is my personal view and I have just as much right as you to hold that.

See my above comment about the abuse of women.

So what about those in other countries who believe that a woman should not have the same status as a male today. Do they have a right to hold that view under a subjective moral system?

I don't think they have the right to discriminate against women, no.

The problem you have with trying to make moral meaning out of a subjective system is that because it always changes and allows relative and subjective positions it has to allow all those different positions whether 100 or 10 years ago or now or whether in one country or culture or another. It all doesn't matter because morals are subjective and relative and all views count. None or more right than others.

And that's exactly what we've seen in reality, isn't it?

You can personally say they are wrong but under the system of subjective morality, you cannot say that differing views you may find evil are wrong. Because people who hold those evil views don't think they are evil but in fact are OK. So who is truthfully right or wrong, who knowns as there is no independent measure outside personal opinions that can inform anyone.

But I can say that I THINK those views are wrong, I can explain why, and if enough people agree with me then we can work to change the society's views about that issue.

You seem to think that value is meaningless unless there is some outside source to assign that value. I, instead, think that the concept of value still has meaning if we are the ones assigning value.
 
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Kylie

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I can: childbirth. One of the most painful experiences humans can go through, but without it our species would go extinct. Also, more people obviously means more pain in the world.

As a mother, I can tell you that the pain I felt through childbirth has been more than made up for in the way my daughter enriches my life.
 
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the iconoclast

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Eye witness accounts are written in the first person: "I saw..., I heard..., I did..." An account written in the third person: He saw..., He heard..., He did..." may not be an eye-witness account. In the case of the Gospels there is evidence which suggests that they are not.

Hey hey Saint :)

When i typed it into google it came up with "a person who has seen something happen and can give a first-hand description of it."

A percipient witness (or eyewitness) is one with knowledge obtained through his or her own senses (e.g., visual perception, hearing, smell, touch).

Check this out my dear.

1. An eye witness has his first hand description of an event written down by a writer. Why is this written statement not eye witnessed?

It's an option for Anglicans. I do not consider myself a Protestant.

God bless Anglicans. They are good ppl, I extend an olive branch to you. You are my brother, please be my friend. ;)

You and I are on the same side.

So you are no protestant, does that mean you do not protest against the sale of indulgences, you insist that the Pope has authority over purgatory and that the Treasury of Merit has foundation in the Bible?

Do you accept transubstantiation?

Ps I have no issues with Catholics. They are family, considering how things are, We all need to team up.

For one thing, I don't have to feel myself trapped by the doctrine of Sola Scriptura

Trapped by scripture?!?!

My dear... I don't quite know what to say about that.

Christian scriptures are the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice. I mean the Holy Spirit is included but.... you have officially perplexed me.

so I don't have to worry about whether the Gospels are eyewitness accounts or not,

Yet here you are trying to justify it to me.

My dear it worries you.

You know what, go for it and Congrats on this freedom you believe you have.

or get fussed that anyone who suggests they may not be is trying to disprove the existence of Jesus or something lurid like that.

My dear you get fussed. All we have to do is go back to the subject of evolution to see passion from you.

One thing known about me is by disrespect for the theory of evolution and my passion to debate atheists who disrespect our Lord with impunity.

One thing I know about you. You have an issue with protestant and creationists.

I'm a pentecostal protestant creationist.
I believe the Bible is infallible.
I believe the only way to God is through Jesus.
I believe the earth was void before the fiats which were done in 7 days.

Why do you dislike us so? What happened for you to have this passion against the old guard protestant?

Cheers

Hey @Ken-1122. You are not forgotten. :)
 
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stevevw

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I certainly dont think the west hold the key to moral truth, do you?
Not really from the track record.

I’m not sure how many times I have to say the same thing. All morals stand on the strength of their arguments. There are no universal truths regarding morals.
I understand this. I was trying to get some clarification as to what is used to measure the strength of an argument regarding morality. Most people in an argument will back up what they say with some support rather than just a personal opinion as that doesn't carry much weight.
 
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