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When was the Book of Revelation written?

When was the Book of Revelation written?

  • Post 70 AD

    Votes: 27 62.8%
  • Pre 70 AD

    Votes: 16 37.2%

  • Total voters
    43

Biblewriter

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The book of Revelation was written by St. John between AD 66-68, in the final years of the Neronic persecution. The internal evidence of the book strongly supports the early date, and the external evidence for this date is firmly attested to by the vast majority of well-known scholars and early Church writings.
The first part of this statement is pure interpretation, and the last part is a flat out lie.

The actual truth is that every Christian document about this from the second through the fifth century which contained an unequivocal statement and which could even rationally be considered a good source of information, placed it during the reign of Domatian, which would place it in the 90s. And almost every modern scholar who is not a Preterist agrees with this dating for the Revelation.
 
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LittleLambofJesus

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Not Herod?
36. And the king shall do according to his will; and he shall exalt himself, and magnify himself above every god, and shall speak marvellous things against the God of gods, and shall prosper till the indignation be accomplished: for that that is determined shall be done.
We come now to a remarkable personality, one who fills a large and prominent place in the prophecy, and who is introduced in the words of verse 36.
"HEROD THE KING"
Interesting.
There was actually a sect called the Herodians. I really never paid much attention to them until now.
Herod appears to have been a puppet for the Jewish Rulers........

Mat 22:16
And they sent to Him their disciples with the Herodians, saying, “Teacher, we know that You are true, and teach the way of God in truth; nor do You care about anyone, for You do not regard the person of men.
Mar 3:6
Then the Pharisees went out and immediately plotted with the Herodians against Him, how they might destroy Him.
Mar 12:13
Then they sent to Him some of the Pharisees and the Herodians, to catch Him in His words.
==========================
Mat 23:33
'Serpents! brood of vipers! how may ye escape from the judgment of the gehenna?
==========================
Another group to tie in with Reve 14:11

Revelation 14:11
And the smoke of the tormenting of them is ascending into Ages to-Ages.
============================
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodians


Herodian, one of a party of influential Jewish supporters of the Herodian dynasty (c. 55 bc–c. ad 93), which ruled in all or parts of Palestine and neighbouring areas.
Noted in the New Testament as opponents of Jesus, they probably were not a political party or a religious sect. They probably favoured the policies of Herod Antipas, who was tetrarch of Galilee and Peraea (4 bc–ad 39) and a strong promoter of Hellenistic (Greco-Roman) culture in Palestine. It seems likely that they rejected the messianic hopes of the people and thus united with the Pharisees in attempts to entrap Jesus into making anti-Roman statements.

The Herodians (Herodiani) were a sect of Hellenistic Jews mentioned in the New Testament on two occasions — first in Galilee, and later in Jerusalem — being hostile to Jesus (Mark 3:6, 12:13; Matthew 22:16; cf. also Mark 8:15, Luke 13:31-32, Acts 4:27). In each of these cases their name is coupled with that of the Pharisees.[1]

According to many interpreters, the courtiers or soldiers of Herod Antipas ("Milites Herodis," Jerome) were intended; others argue that the Herodians were probably a public political party, who distinguished themselves from the two great historical parties of post-exilic Judaism (the Pharisees and Sadducees) by the fact that they were and had been sincerely friendly to Herod the Great, the King of the Jews, and to his dynasty. The Herodians are often mentioned in the gospels at the same time as the Pharisees. Like the Pharisees, the Herodians wanted political independence for the Jewish people.[2] Unlike the Pharisees, who sought to restore the kingdom of David, the Herodians wished to restore a member of the Herodian dynasty to the throne in Judea.[citation needed]

Josephus Antiquities of the Jews Book 15 Chapter 10.5[8] states "5. Now there was one of these Essens [sic], whose name was Manahem, who had this testimony, that he not only conducted his life after an excellent manner, but had the foreknowledge of future events given him by God also. This man once saw Herod when he was a child, and going to school, and saluted him as king of the Jews; but he, thinking that either he did not know him, or that he was in jest, put him in mind that he was but a private man; but Manahem smiled to himself, and clapped him on his backside with his hand, and said,"
 
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Daniel Martinovich

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Interesting.
There was actually a sect called the Herodians. I really never paid much attention to them until now.
Herod appears to have been a puppet for the Jewish Rulers........

Mat 22:16
And they sent to Him their disciples with the Herodians, saying, “Teacher, we know that You are true, and teach the way of God in truth; nor do You care about anyone, for You do not regard the person of men.
Mar 3:6
Then the Pharisees went out and immediately plotted with the Herodians against Him, how they might destroy Him.
Mar 12:13
Then they sent to Him some of the Pharisees and the Herodians, to catch Him in His words.

Mat 23:33
'Serpents! brood of vipers! how may ye escape from the judgment of the gehenna?
==========================
Another group to tie in with Reve 14:11

Revelation 14:11
And the smoke of the tormenting of them is ascending into Ages to-Ages.

============================
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodians


Herodian, one of a party of influential Jewish supporters of the Herodian dynasty (c. 55 bc–c. ad 93), which ruled in all or parts of Palestine and neighbouring areas.
Noted in the New Testament as opponents of Jesus, they probably were not a political party or a religious sect. They probably favoured the policies of Herod Antipas, who was tetrarch of Galilee and Peraea (4 bc–ad 39) and a strong promoter of Hellenistic (Greco-Roman) culture in Palestine. It seems likely that they rejected the messianic hopes of the people and thus united with the Pharisees in attempts to entrap Jesus into making anti-Roman statements.

The Herodians (Herodiani) were a sect of Hellenistic Jews mentioned in the New Testament on two occasions — first in Galilee, and later in Jerusalem — being hostile to Jesus (Mark 3:6, 12:13; Matthew 22:16; cf. also Mark 8:15, Luke 13:31-32, Acts 4:27). In each of these cases their name is coupled with that of the Pharisees.[1]

Josephus Antiquities of the Jews Book 15 Chapter 10.5[8] states "5. Now there was one of these Essens [sic], whose name was Manahem, who had this testimony, that he not only conducted his life after an excellent manner, but had the foreknowledge of future events given him by God also. This man once saw Herod when he was a child, and going to school, and saluted him as king of the Jews; but he, thinking that either he did not know him, or that he was in jest, put him in mind that he was but a private man; but Manahem smiled to himself, and clapped him on his backside with his hand, and said,"


According to many interpreters, the courtiers or soldiers of Herod Antipas ("Milites Herodis," Jerome) were intended; others argue that the Herodians were probably a public political party, who distinguished themselves from the two great historical parties of post-exilic Judaism (the Pharisees and Sadducees) by the fact that they were and had been sincerely friendly to Herod the Great, the King of the Jews, and to his dynasty. The Herodians are often mentioned in the gospels at the same time as the Pharisees. Like the Pharisees, the Herodians wanted political independence for the Jewish people.[2] Unlike the Pharisees, who sought to restore the kingdom of David, the Herodians wished to restore a member of the Herodian dynasty to the throne in Judea.[citation needed]
Hmmm, I never paid any attention to that either.
 
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parousia70

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The first part of this statement is pure interpretation, and the last part is a flat out lie.

Quite the accusations!... let's see if there is any evidence to support them, (since you haven't provided any) ...

The actual truth is that every Christian document about this from the second through the fifth century which contained an unequivocal statement and which could even rationally be considered a good source of information, placed it during the reign of Domatian, which would place it in the 90s.

All late date testimony rests squarely on the shoulders of one solitary statement by Irenaeus, and it is disputed as to what it even says (was John seen? --or-- was the Revelation seen? -- who knows what Irenaeus said). Even Eusebius rejects Irenaeus testimony and prefers that a different John (John the Presbyter) wrote the book, not the apostle, as Irenaeus believes. This is important, and for certain, the late date folks that came after were merely basing their opinions on Irenaeus! Scholars agree that Irenaeus' statement is questionable at best, and it contradicts other things Irenaeus said about "ancient copies" of the book of Revelation (Eusebius: Ecc History: 5:8:5-6; see also Against Heresies 5:30:1,3). The notion of "ancient copies" of the book of Revelation cannot be reconciled with the proposition that Revelation was seen "almost in Irenaeus' generation" -- however it could be reconciled with the view that Irenaeus actually stated that JOHN was seen in Domitian's reign, not the vision. Then again, Irenaeus also claimed Jesus lived to be over 50 years old! "

...after the fortieth and fiftieth year, it begins to verge towards elder age: which our Lord was of when He taught, as the Gospel and all the Elders witness, who in Asia conferred with John the Lord's disciple...."(Against Heresies 2:22:5)

So, we must not uncritically swallow Irenaeus historic testimony. Scholars admit that Irenaeus' quote concerning Revelation is all the evidence there is for a late date, and that his quote is inconclusive as to even what it means:

Daniel Denham (1979)
"The testimony of Irenaeus is considered the bastion of the evidence for the Late Date...The obscurity of the testimony, as it has come down to us, must be considered as weak and inconclusive to demand the Late Date." (Date of the Book Of Revelation"; H. Daniel Denham, Part 1, 1979)

Steve Gregg
"Since the text is admittedly "uncertain" in many places, and the quotation in question is known only from a Latin translation of the original, we must not place too high a degree of certainty upon our preferred reading of the statement of Irenaeus." (Revelation: Four Views, p. 18)

The quote from Irenaeus is considered to be weak and inconclusive, and it can even read that JOHN was seen in the reign of Domitian. (Robert Young even thinks NERO was intended, which would fully accord with Irenaeus statement about the "ancient copies" of the book of Revelation.)

There are also Arethas, the Muratorian Canon, Clement of Alexandria, & the Syriac Vulgate -- all these statements require an early date.

The Muratorian Canon of AD 170, for example, says that Paul, in writing to only seven churches, was following a rule set by John. For Paul to be following a rule set by John about writing to only seven churches, Paul had to know that John wrote to seven churches -- and this requires that Paul knew about Revelation 2-3 before his martyrdom.

And I haven't even touched the internal evidence of the book, which entirely demands that the vision speaks of a soon catastrophe of grave Jewish importance, which historically cannot fit any time but 66-70 AD. The book of Revelation is the prophecy of the catastrophy of the downfall of Israel and the avenging of the blood of the apostles and prophets.

And almost every modern scholar who is not a Preterist agrees with this dating for the Revelation.
Ughhh...
Who's Lying now?
MOST Scholars favor the Early (Pre 70AD) Date.

We've been through this before but it's been a while, and I'm sure our readers would find a revisit edifying.

In THIS THREAD I listed about 150 published scholars (most of them futurists) who hold to the Early date of Revelation.

I have requested, multiple times, a similar list from anyone claiming "most scholars" prefer the late (90'sAD) date.

No one has taken me up on it for years now... not even you BW.

You may not like the list I provided, but at least I have a list.

Where's yours?

You can either come up with a similar, cross check-able, comprehensive list of several hundred or thousand published Scholars who are Late Date advocates that clearly presents a vast majority or "almost every" modern scholar as you claimed, or I will accept your apology for calling me a liar when you must admit that the evidence I have to support my claim far outweighs the glaring lack of evidence you have to support yours.
 
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timtams

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Almost all historians who are not prejudiced by Preterism conclude that the Revelation was given near the end of the reign of Domitian. Most of these assign it a date between 92 and 94 AD. This is because all conclusively stated Christian records that can even rationally be considered rational contain details that tie it to the latter part of Domitian’s reign. And of these seven authorities, four gave details that were included in no other account, thus revealing a minimum of four independent ultimate sources of information.

As the average historical date is based on no more than two ancient sources, this is considered nearly absolutely established.
Can you list these authorities? I believe they are the ones that have been refuted on here time and again.

Approaches to Eschatology
 
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Biblewriter

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timtams

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Actually, the information proving what you call “the late date” is irrefutable.
I guess you have forgotten our previous conversation, in which you said you need to look into your supposed authorities (especially your erroneous confusion of the second-century Acts of John with the much later Acts of John in Rome). There is no unambiguous evidence for the late Domitianic dating before Eusebius. Please either post your evidence so I can refute it (again) or confirm that you do not wish to justify your statements (and so save me from wasting time with further responses). Thank you.
 
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Biblewriter

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I guess you have forgotten our previous conversation, in which you said you need to look into your supposed authorities (especially your erroneous confusion of the second-century Acts of John with the much later Acts of John in Rome). There is no unambiguous evidence for the late Domitianic dating before Eusebius. Please either post your evidence so I can refute it (again) or confirm that you do not wish to justify your statements (and so save me from wasting time with further responses). Thank you.
I have already thoroughly refuted your claim that there was no unambiguous evidence for the Dominic dating before Eusebius. I clearly demnstrated that it was necessary to wrest the wording of Irenaeus in order to pretend that his meaning was questionable. AND I demonstrated beyond the point of rational debate that every statement of the early date was itself either highly ambiguous or from a source that modern scholars have identified as highly unreliable. But I have no interest in going over this again.
 
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timtams

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I have already thoroughly refuted your claim that there was no unambiguous evidence for the Dominic dating before Eusebius. I clearly demnstrated that it was necessary to wrest the wording of Irenaeus in order to pretend that his meaning was questionable. AND I demonstrated beyond the point of rational debate that every statement of the early date was itself either highly ambiguous or from a source that modern scholars have identified as highly unreliable. But I have no interest in going over this again.
You demonstrated no such things, and scholars have acknowledged the ambiguity in Irenaeus. You even admitted that you had never the Greek or Latin text and yet you brazenly now claim that you refuted me?

You also were never even able to find the quotation attributed to Tertullian showing the early date. In fact, instead of asking me for the citation, you implied that since you couldn't find it, it must not exist.

You made repeated, amateur mistakes, and you clearly don't remember the discussion. But it is clear that you have no interest in being corrected and that you wish to cling to your mistaken interpretation of the evidence. Nevertheless, everyone on this thread can see for themselves that you aren't able or willing even to state your supposed authorities, which means you are simply wasting everyone's time.
 
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SkyWriting

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Please state whether you believe Revelation was written either post 70 AD or Pre 70 AD.

Additionally, please provide evidence to support your belief.
It was written back in the future.
 
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Biblewriter

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You demonstrated no such things, and scholars have acknowledged the ambiguity in Irenaeus. You even admitted that you had never the Greek or Latin text and yet you brazenly now claim that you refuted me?

You also were never even able to find the quotation attributed to Tertullian showing the early date. In fact, instead of asking me for the citation, you implied that since you couldn't find it, it must not exist.

You made repeated, amateur mistakes, and you clearly don't remember the discussion. But it is clear that you have no interest in being corrected and that you wish to cling to your mistaken interpretation of the evidence. Nevertheless, everyone on this thread can see for themselves that you aren't able or willing even to state your supposed authorities, which means you are simply wasting everyone's time.
I do not state modern "authorities," because I explicitly deny that the opinions of people are even significant. And I flatly deny that you have demonstrated what you claim to have demonstrated.
 
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timtams

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I do not state modern "authorities," because I explicitly deny that the opinions of people are even significant. And I flatly deny that you have demonstrated what you claim to have demonstrated.
You claimed ancient authorities. I never said you claimed modern ones, though are you now claiming that it doesn't matter that scholars point out that Irenaeus is ambiguous, and that you are correct and they are wrong?

And of these seven authorities, four gave details that were included in no other account, thus revealing a minimum of four independent ultimate sources of information.

You really need to provide the names of these ancient authorities which you believe support your assertion. I guess you will still be quoting the medieval Acts of John at Rome as one of them and assigning it a second or third century date.

I frankly am disturbed at your total denial of what transpired in previous posts, or how you withdrew yourself from the discussion on the basis you needed to further look into things. So you simply dismiss the fact that scholars said it was ambiguous, dismiss the evidence Irenaeus himself provided for believing he held the early date, claim to know better about what Irenaeus said while acknowledging that you didn't consult the Greek and Latin, ignore Tertullian's quote, and ignore the evidence that Clement placed John's exile early. And I guess you still haven't found the Tertullian quote? And you "demonstrated" things beyond a reasonable doubt? I have to wonder why you would make such blanket denials.
 
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Biblewriter

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You claimed ancient authorities. I never said you claimed modern ones, though are you now claiming that it doesn't matter that scholars point out that Irenaeus is ambiguous, and that you are correct and they are wrong?



You really need to provide the names of these ancient authorities which you believe support your assertion. I guess you will still be quoting the medieval Acts of John at Rome as one of them and assigning it a second or third century date.

I frankly am disturbed at your total denial of what transpired in previous posts, or how you withdrew yourself from the discussion on the basis you needed to further look into things. So you simply dismiss the fact that scholars said it was ambiguous, dismiss the evidence Irenaeus himself provided for believing he held the early date, claim to know better about what Irenaeus said while acknowledging that you didn't consult the Greek and Latin, ignore Tertullian's quote, and ignore the evidence that Clement placed John's exile early. And I guess you still haven't found the Tertullian quote? And you "demonstrated" things beyond a reasonable doubt? I have to wonder why you would make such blanket denials.
I have already stated the exact names and given actual quotations with precise citations for these ancient authorities, and have already discredited your claim that the statement of Irenaeus was inconclusive. I am not going to continue this with childish argument. Over and out.
 
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timtams

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I have already stated the exact names and given actual quotations with precise citations for these ancient authorities, and have already discredited your claim that the statement of Irenaeus was inconclusive. I am not going to continue this with childish argument. Over and out.
You never tracked down, let alone refuted, the quotation from Tertullian.
Are you still maintaining that the Acts of John at Rome is 2nd/3rd century (because you confused it with the Acts of John)?
Are you still ignoring what Clement said about John's completion of his ministry (his writing?) by the end of Nero's reign?
Are you still ignoring the evidence of Irenaeus that Revelation was written "a long time before" John's Gospel?
Are you still going to ignore the Muratorian Canon because one text of it is corrupt, while ignoring the texts(not commented on by Westcott) that aren't corrupt and which say the same thing?

It's okay if you don't wish to answer. It's obvious why you wouldn't want to answer, as the choice is clear: fairly evaluate the evidence and come to the early dating, or assume the heavy burden of attempting to explain away the unexplainable. Over and out
 
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