It is too common to see people zooming in on words in Ephesians 1:1-6 and misinterpreted that God choose individuals to be saved. However, we need to interpret 70 verses in Ephesians chapter 1 to 3, taking context into consideration:.
Ephesians 1 :1 To God’s holy people in Ephesus, .... (v4) For
He chose us in him before the creation of the world ... In love (v5)
He predestined us to be adopted as his sons through Jesus Christ,... (v11) In Him we were also chosen, having been predestined according to the plan of him .... (v12)in order that
we, who were the first to put our hope in Christ...
Meaning = "We" and "us" refer to the Jewish Christians who confessed their sins were first to be saved in Jesus
13 And
you also were included in Christ when you heard the message of truth... ch 2:11 Therefore, remember that formerly
you who are Gentiles by birth and called “uncircumcised”... 12 you were separate from Christ, excluded from citizenship in Israel and foreigners to the covenants of the promise...
= Clearly, "you who are Gentiles" clearly means Paul was referring to Gentile Christians. "You" does NOT mean individuals. Paul explained that formerly, Gentiles were excluded from God
Ephesians 2 13 But now in Christ Jesus you... have been brought near by the blood of Christ...:14 For He ...has made the two groups one... 15 by setting aside in his flesh the law with its commands and regulations
Means = Unlike the past, the Gentiles can now be saved if they confessed their sins because Jesus' atonement has abolished the need to fulfill the Law (such as circumcision and OT laws)
15: His purpose was
to create... one new humanity out of the two... and in one body to reconcile both of them to God through the cross... 18 For through him we both have access to the Father by one Spirit... .. Chapter 3:16 This mystery is that through the gospel
the Gentiles are heirs together with Israel, members together of one body, and sharers together in the promise in Christ Jesus...”
= Both Jews and Gentiles have same access to God -- anyone who confessed their sins to Jesus can be saved. The mystery (Eph 3:16) is that when God reached out to Jews first, He had (unknown to anyone) planned ahead to offer salvation to the Gentiles too.
So what is predestination? It is just a word that refers to how God planned it all ahead to offer salvation to the Jews and then to Gentiles.
ie: God predestined the plan to offer salvation to the Gentiles, He did not predestine which person(s) to be saved. In context, therefore, predestination does NOT mean God choose to save individuals. There is no discussion of individual predestination in Ephesians or Scripture. But unfortunately, some people focus on 3 words "He predestine us" and believe the idea of individual predestination.
In Book of People , Acts and others, there are verses that say "God choose us". During biblical times, people don't say they chose to believe in God. Instead they said God chose them -- this is out of humility. In ancient times, people on earth -- Jews, Persians, Babylonians, Chinese -- were more humble towards God and heaven. So to say they are chosen by God is a figure of speech. Such linguistic elements have been lost over time. When interpreting Bible, we have to appreciate how words were used in different times, culture and context.