I'm just picking out a sentence here in order to quote you for conversation.
Over the past 3+ decades I've done a lot of reading and studies on "His law." When I entered The Faith, after wandering around a bit experiencing different congregations & watching & listening to "preachers," it just looked to me like Christianity was pretty much a free for all (in the anything goes kind of way). One of my immediate interests became God's standards, thus His Law.
I've read how students of the Word (some call them "scholars") attempt to find a label other than "Mosaic Law" since certain parts of Moses have been changed (e.g. to facilitate the High Priesthood of Messiah). I've read how some try a focus on God's Law since it's evident His Law predated written codification with Moses. Others want to try to use the Law of Christ vs. the Mosaic Law title. Then we get into the 613 commandments listed by Maimonides, or the 10 Commandments being all we need. And we get into the writing of His Law on hearts under the NC. And so on it goes...
Hello,
I use "His law" in a way that is interchangeable with the Mosaic Law because all of it was given by God (Deuteronomy 5:31-33). Likewise, the Law of Moses is referred to as the Law of God in verses like Nehemiah 8:1-8, Ezra 7:6-12, and Luke 2:22-23. The Bible often uses the same terms to describe the nature of God as it does to describe the nature of God's law, which is because it is God's instructions for how to testify about His nature, such as with it being holy, righteous, and good (Romans 7:12), and with justice, mercy, and faithfulness being weightier matters of the law (Matthew 23:23). The way to testify about God's nature is straightforwardly based on God's nature, not on any particular covenant, and God's nature is eternal, so any instructions that God has ever given for how to testify about His nature are eternally valid regardless of which covenant someone is under, so I deny that any part of the Mosaic Law has been changed.
In Deuteronomy 4:2 it is a sin to add to or subtract from the Mosaic Law. In Deuteronomy 13:4-5, the way that God instructed His people to determine that someone is a false prophet who was not speaking for Him was if they taught against obeying His law. In Matthew 5:17-19, Jesus said that he came not to abolish the law and warned against relaxing the least part of the law or teaching others to do the same. So to say that Jesus changed any part of the law is to say that he is a sinner, a false prophet, a liar, and to disregard his warning.
A few questions for you:
When you speak of living Mosaic Law ("ML"):
1. What are all the commandments of ML?
Traditionally, there are 613 commandments of the ML, which are listed here:
https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/756399/jewish/The-613-Commandments-Mitzvot.htm
2. What precisely in ML is applicable & no longer applicable - what is lawful vs. lawlessness, all righteousness vs. unrighteousness?
The Psalms express an extremely positive view of the Mosaic Law, such as with David repeatedly saying that he loved it and delighted in obeying it, so if consider the Psalms to be Scripture and to therefore express a correct view of the Mosaic Law, then we will share it, as Paul did (Romans 7:22). So if we have faith that the Mosaic Law was given for our own good in order to bless us and to teach us how to rightly live (Deuteronomy 6:24, 10:12-13), then lawfulness comes from then desire for as much of God's law as possible to be applicable to us, whereas lawlessness comes from the desire for God's law to not be applicable to us.
All of God's righteous laws are eternal (Psalms 119:169), so there are no laws that are no longer applicable, though there are laws that aren't currently applicable. For example, the Israelites were given commands before they had entered the promised land that were only applicable once they had entered it. When the Israelites were in exile in Babylon, the condition for their return to the land was to first return to obedience to the Mosaic Law, which required them to have access to a temple that they didn't have access while they were in exile, but they were nevertheless faithful to obey as much of God's law as was applicable. The command to keep the 7th day holy is only applicable when it is the 7th day. In Ezekiel 44-46, it predicts a time when the 3rd temple will be built and when offerings will resume, so the fact that conditions are such that laws in regard to temple practice a currently not applicable does not mean that they have gone anywhere or that they no longer teach us about God's eternal nature.
Even when the law was first given to Moses, there wasn't a single person for whom all 613 commandments were applicable, and not even Jesus obeyed the laws in regard to having a period or to giving birth. Some laws were only applicable for the King, the High priest, priests, judges, men, women, children, widows, those who are married, those with servants, those with animals, those with drops, those with tzaraat, those living who are living in the land, and to strangers living among them, while others were applicable for everyone. So understanding how the Mosaic Law applies to us today is a matter of careful study, prayer, and leading of the Spirit.
3. Are both Jews & Gentiles in Christ subject to all the same commandments?
Yes, though how they applied was not necessarily the same even within Israel, such as with those who are priests. Israel was given the role by God of being a light and a blessing to the nations by testifying about God's nature through walking in His ways (Isaiah 2:2-3, 49:6). In Deuteronomy 4:5-8, the intended reaction of the nations seeing Israel's obedience to the Mosaic Law was to marvel at how great and wise God is, so they were testifying about who God is. In other words, the Mosaic Law was given to Israel as a tool to evangelize the nations.
4. What specifically is the "Law of Christ" spoken of in Gal6?
God is not in disagreement with Himself about which laws we should follow, so the Law of Christ is the same as the Law of the Spirit and the Law of the Father which was given to Moses. In Romans 7:25-8:2, Paul equated the Mosaic Law with the Law of the Spirit of life in Christ by contrasting them both with the law of sin and death. In 1 Corinthians 9:21, Paul said in a parallel statement that he was not outside of God's law, but under the Law of Christ, so again he equated it with the Mosaic Law. Christ set a sinless example of how to walk in obedience to the Mosaic Law, he did not hypocritically preach something other than what he practiced, and it wouldn't make sense to think that the Law of Christ was something other than what Christ taught by word and by word and by example.
5. What precisely is the "law of liberty/freedom" and "royal law" spoken of by James?
In Psalms 19:7, the Mosaic Law is perfect, in Psalms 119:45, it is a law of liberty, and in Psalms 119:1, it blesses those who obey it, so when James 1:25 speaks about a perfect law of liberty that blesses those who obey it, he was not saying anything about the Mosaic Law that wasn't already said in the Psalms. In James 2:8, he described the royal law as loving our neighbor as ourselves, which is not distinct from the Mosaic Law because all of the Mosaic Law hangs on the greatest two commandments (Matthew 22:36-40).
6. Since our maturity is spoken of in part in Heb5:13-14 as becoming learned/skilled in God's "Word of Righteousness" and thereby having our faculties well-exercised in judging both good & bad, what do you study to be developed in such maturity - the above, and/or other things?
Yes, we are to study the Word of Righteousness, though studying other things can assist us in doing that. Are you asking me about some of the other things that I personally study?
7. Do you see this development to maturity taking place via study or do you see it just being downloaded (so to speak) such as with those who think there is some special relationship with the Spirit that they have, and/or who think that God speaks to them what they need to know?
That's a start.
Thanks!
In 1 Corinthians 12:28, God has appointed teachers, which implies that teachers still have a relevant role, which undermines the idea of everything being downloaded by the Spirit. In John 16:13, the Spirit has the role of leading us in truth, in Ezekiel 36:26-27, the Spirit has the role of leading us to obey God's law, and in Psalms 119:142, God's law is truth, so I think that the Spirit helps us to recognize the truth of what someone teaches us about the Word of Righteousness and to bear the fruit of it.