How does radiometric dating work:
To the average person these appear to be normal glow sticks. However, these are Tritium(Hydrogen: 1 proton+2 neutrons) glow sticks. The glow is a nuclear reaction, Tritium -> Helium 3. There was no helium in the vials when they were manufactured. Yet after 12.32 years, you will find that exactly half of the atoms are now helium. Those numbers, 12.32 years and 50% He 50% Tritium, aren't guesses. If you broke the glass and measured after 10 minutes, day 1, day 100, 12.32 years, 26.64 years. You get exactly the same half-life value for Tritium. This experiment is so basic that one of the many variants are done every semester by millions of students in college. The equation is the same, it doesn't matter if the half-life is seconds or millions of years. We even are able to accurately measure half-life's as small as yottoseconds in the Large Hardon Collider.
Experimental Examples of Half Life measurements:
Here is the experiment being done for Radon-220(video is 2m30s HL is 55s):
Here it is on a different Isotope(video is 10m):
Any other variants can been cited as needed.
The Properties of Crystals and Zircon crystals:
1. A single lattice represents a single crystal during a single crystallization event.
2. Every intact chemical bond in the crystal lattice was formed during the process of crystallization.
3. Zircon only incorporates (Zr,Hf,U,Th,Y)SiO4 into the lattice.
4. Lead doesn't incorporate into Zircon lattices. (Zr, Pb)SiO4 is not chemically possible.
The properties of Uranium Decay:
5. U-238 decays into Pb-206, U-235 decays into Pb-207.
6. The measured half-life of U-238 is 4.47 billion. The measured half-life of U-235 in 704 million years.
7. These measurements have been made many times over the course of 70 years and show no signs of variation.
8. These two decay processes yield two measurable isotope ratios of (U->Pb).
9. This decay process produces high energy nuclear damage to the lattice.
10. This decay process also produces Helium in measurable quantities.
What we observe when we dig up Zircon Crystals in nature:
11. Single lattice Crystals made up of (Zr,Hf,U,Th,Y)SiO4
12. High energy Crystal lattice fractures surrounding Lead which is not incorporated in the lattice.
13. Two different U-Pb isotopes ratios.
14. In a single lattice, both ratios when plugged into the half-life equation yield the same time elapsed. A relationship that even a tiny amount of outside Lead(which has different isotopic ratios) contamination would destroy.
15. An amount of Helium that always corresponds to the total (U->Pb) decay.
What we have never observed:
16. A varying decay rate(half-life) for any element. American Russian or Chinese, 1950 or 2016, Freshman or Researcher, we always measure the same rates of decay(half-life).
17. A Zircon lattice chemically embedded with Lead.
18. A process for Lead to become trapped during the Zircon crystallization process.
19. Lead that isn't surrounded by high energy fractures.
20. Evidence of outside Lead contamination(different isotopic ratios).
21. An amount of Helium that doesn't correspond with the (U->Pb) quantities and ratios.
Why the earth can't possibly be young:
1. Both Scientific Researchers and the Institute for Creation Research(Dr Humphrey) agree: The (U->Pb) ratios represent decayed Uranium.[source]
2. Both SR and Dr Humphrey agree on the amount of decay. (affirming my first 15 points)
3. Dr Humphrey argues that through some unknown mechanism the decay rate(half-life) was different in the past(point #16 on my list). And through some unknown mechanism has remained constant since the 1950s. He argues this indirectly by measuring diffusion rates, not decay rates(half-life). He only contracted his version of the Helium diffusion experiment to be performed once in 2001. He choose high temperature low pressure testing, which is contrary to the conditions of the source rock. Many others have performed this experiment both before and after Dr Humphrey, no other team can confirm his results as valid in high temperature high pressure environments.
4. If the amount of decay that has occurred happened during a young earth time scale, radioactive background decay would have to increase by a billion fold which Dr Humphrey argues directly.
5. It's simply not reasonable to believe that Dr Humphrey's assertion that an average rate of a billion times nuclear decay is compatible with:
5a. Biology, background radiation from the earth would destroy DNA/Proteins 1billions times faster.
5b. Geology, radioactive ores would go super critical and form natural reactors(or atom bombs) all over the earth.
5c. Astrophysics, the Sun would produce a billion times the gamma rays or go supernova.
To the average person these appear to be normal glow sticks. However, these are Tritium(Hydrogen: 1 proton+2 neutrons) glow sticks. The glow is a nuclear reaction, Tritium -> Helium 3. There was no helium in the vials when they were manufactured. Yet after 12.32 years, you will find that exactly half of the atoms are now helium. Those numbers, 12.32 years and 50% He 50% Tritium, aren't guesses. If you broke the glass and measured after 10 minutes, day 1, day 100, 12.32 years, 26.64 years. You get exactly the same half-life value for Tritium. This experiment is so basic that one of the many variants are done every semester by millions of students in college. The equation is the same, it doesn't matter if the half-life is seconds or millions of years. We even are able to accurately measure half-life's as small as yottoseconds in the Large Hardon Collider.
Experimental Examples of Half Life measurements:
Here is the experiment being done for Radon-220(video is 2m30s HL is 55s):
The Properties of Crystals and Zircon crystals:
1. A single lattice represents a single crystal during a single crystallization event.
2. Every intact chemical bond in the crystal lattice was formed during the process of crystallization.
3. Zircon only incorporates (Zr,Hf,U,Th,Y)SiO4 into the lattice.
4. Lead doesn't incorporate into Zircon lattices. (Zr, Pb)SiO4 is not chemically possible.
The properties of Uranium Decay:
5. U-238 decays into Pb-206, U-235 decays into Pb-207.
6. The measured half-life of U-238 is 4.47 billion. The measured half-life of U-235 in 704 million years.
7. These measurements have been made many times over the course of 70 years and show no signs of variation.
8. These two decay processes yield two measurable isotope ratios of (U->Pb).
9. This decay process produces high energy nuclear damage to the lattice.
10. This decay process also produces Helium in measurable quantities.
What we observe when we dig up Zircon Crystals in nature:
11. Single lattice Crystals made up of (Zr,Hf,U,Th,Y)SiO4
12. High energy Crystal lattice fractures surrounding Lead which is not incorporated in the lattice.
13. Two different U-Pb isotopes ratios.
14. In a single lattice, both ratios when plugged into the half-life equation yield the same time elapsed. A relationship that even a tiny amount of outside Lead(which has different isotopic ratios) contamination would destroy.
15. An amount of Helium that always corresponds to the total (U->Pb) decay.
What we have never observed:
16. A varying decay rate(half-life) for any element. American Russian or Chinese, 1950 or 2016, Freshman or Researcher, we always measure the same rates of decay(half-life).
17. A Zircon lattice chemically embedded with Lead.
18. A process for Lead to become trapped during the Zircon crystallization process.
19. Lead that isn't surrounded by high energy fractures.
20. Evidence of outside Lead contamination(different isotopic ratios).
21. An amount of Helium that doesn't correspond with the (U->Pb) quantities and ratios.
Why the earth can't possibly be young:
1. Both Scientific Researchers and the Institute for Creation Research(Dr Humphrey) agree: The (U->Pb) ratios represent decayed Uranium.[source]
2. Both SR and Dr Humphrey agree on the amount of decay. (affirming my first 15 points)
3. Dr Humphrey argues that through some unknown mechanism the decay rate(half-life) was different in the past(point #16 on my list). And through some unknown mechanism has remained constant since the 1950s. He argues this indirectly by measuring diffusion rates, not decay rates(half-life). He only contracted his version of the Helium diffusion experiment to be performed once in 2001. He choose high temperature low pressure testing, which is contrary to the conditions of the source rock. Many others have performed this experiment both before and after Dr Humphrey, no other team can confirm his results as valid in high temperature high pressure environments.
4. If the amount of decay that has occurred happened during a young earth time scale, radioactive background decay would have to increase by a billion fold which Dr Humphrey argues directly.
5. It's simply not reasonable to believe that Dr Humphrey's assertion that an average rate of a billion times nuclear decay is compatible with:
5a. Biology, background radiation from the earth would destroy DNA/Proteins 1billions times faster.
5b. Geology, radioactive ores would go super critical and form natural reactors(or atom bombs) all over the earth.
5c. Astrophysics, the Sun would produce a billion times the gamma rays or go supernova.
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