It can be easy to word something badly and have people understand it in a way completely different from what was meant. Set up a time, and have a chat to your officer about it. Ask what he meant, how it relates to the official Army position, etc. I've done this a couple of times when our leader/preacher (we don't have a minister) said something sus during his sermon. Turns out he was horrified at how I took it (prosperity doctrine) and was careful to explain it more thoroughly the next week.
It gets more complicated than just 'Calvinism' and 'Armenian' when discussing predestination etc... and I think that's another good reason to find out from the officer himself exactly what was meant.
PS. I've also been known to stop an officer in his tracks and contest the biblical truth of what he was saying (in a class setting)... not my usual style, but it seemed the right thing to do at the time

Poor guy.