[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]Acts 13:48
[/font][font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]Well, this letter is more of a small book now, so I must hurry to the last topic I wished to address at this point. I will leave it to others to expand upon the many, many problems/errors/self-contradictions in your work, Dave. For now, I wish to close with the first passage I looked up in the solo copy of your work that lay upon your table at the PFO Conference in April: Acts 13:48, which is found on pp. 210-211. The text, as it is found in the NASB, reads,[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]When the Gentiles heard this, they began rejoicing and glorifying the word of the Lord; and as many as had been appointed to eternal life believed.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]Rather than quoting the entirety of the section, let me summarize your argument in the following points:[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]1) ordained is questionable reading[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]2) Many Greek scholars call it a wrong translation.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]3) In none of the other uses in the NT does it refer to a decree from God[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]4) The Liddell and Scott Greek Lexicon does not give ordain or foreordain as a meaning of the term.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]5) I Corinthians 16:15 in the KJV renders tassw as addicted.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]6) Many Greek experts suggest the translation disposed themselves to believe.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]7) Several authorities identify the KJVs wrong rendering to the corrupt Latin Vulgate.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]8) Dean Alford rendered it disposed to eternal life believed.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]9) The Expositors Greek Testament says this is not about a divine decree.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]10) A.T. Robertson said this passage does not decide the debate.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]11) Context supports the rendering disposed rather than ordained.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]The person wishing to see if this is a fair summary may consult the referenced pages. First, I note that you did not deal with the exegesis I offered in The Potters Freedom outside of simply mentioning the fact that I gave a list of the modern translations that render the passage ordain rather than any other translation. But you did not touch on the periphrastic construction that I explained on pages 188-189, nor did you mention the resultant tense meaning. But I shall bring this out as I respond to each point:[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]1) You say ordained is a questionable reading. In fact, you eventually say it is wrong, not just questionable. I think this should be well understood: the same man who said in a public address in my own hearing I do not read Greek. It might as well be Chinese has been able to determine that the vast majority of English translations have been duped, seemingly by the Latin Vulgate (point #7). When I say vast majority, I truly mean it. Lets look at a list:[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]KJV: and as many as were ordained to eternal life believed.
NASB: and as many as had been appointed to eternal life believed
NIV: and all who were appointed for eternal life believed.
[/font][font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]ASV: and as many as were ordained to eternal life believed.
[/font][font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]ESV: and as many as were appointed to eternal life believed.
ISV: Meanwhile, all who had been destined to eternal life believed.
NET: and all who had been appointed for eternal life believed.
NAB: All who were destined for eternal life came to believe.
[/font][font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]NKJV: And as many as had been appointed to eternal life believed.
[/font][font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]NLT: and all who were appointed to eternal life became believers.
NRSV: and as many as had been destined for eternal life became believers.
[/font][font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]GNB: and those who had been chosen for eternal life became believers
[/font][font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]Jerus.: all who were destined for eternal life became believers.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]Now, thats a pretty impressive list. From the KJV to the ESV, the published translations of the English Bible done by teams of translators render the phrase with remarkable consistency. Are we to believe that they are all just slavishly following the corrupt Latin Vulgate? Or did Jerome know something, too?
I looked high and low for a published translation done by a team of scholars that renders the passage disposed to eternal life. I found disposed in a footnote in the Living Bible. You cited Alfords commentary. But that was it. Then, one day, I found a published English Bible that reads exactly as you suggest, Dave. It was translated by a team alright, but they were not a team of scholars. You see, the only published English translation I have found that agrees with the many Greek scholars you claim are on your side is the following:[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]NWT: and all those who were rightly disposed for everlasting life became believers[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]Yes, Dave, you have adopted the reading of the New World Translation of Jehovahs Witnesses. The NWT! You reject the entirety of the published translations noted above, including the King James Version, and adopt the NWTs reading! Amazing, utterly amazing, dont you think? It would be humorous if it were not so serious: Dave Hunt identifying the work of all of Evangelicalisms leading Bible translators as an error, and adopting instead the reading of the NWT. [/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]2) You do not list these scholars. You did list some commentators who do not believe the verse speaks to eternal predestination (that is hardly surprising), but you do not provide us with the names of these scholars. Nor can you
do so. Greek scholars happen to know that this periphrastic construction has a pluperfect tense meaning. And that means the action of the construction preceded the act of believing. When you combine this with the actual meaning of the word (which you misrepresent, see below), there is a broad consensus as to the meaning: God appointed men to eternal life, and as a result, they believed. The action of appointing preceded the action of believing. Thats why your list of scholars is conspicuous by its absence, and why, I note, even those you do quote do not address the actual text or its meaning. [/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]3) This is a classic error of hermeneutics and logic. The issue is not, in the less than ten other uses of this verb in the New Testament does it refer to Gods eternal decree? but in this passage is it properly translated ordained or appointed so that the meaning of the passage makes reference to such a decree? The answer is clear.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]4) There are two elements to your error at this point. First, Liddell and Scott is not a koine Greek lexicon. It is not a New Testament lexicon. I note you do not cite from the actual lexicons that deal with the New Testament, and that for good reason: they all contradict you! But choosing a lexicon that is not even specifically about koine Greek speaks volumes. But even louder than this error is the simple fact that you happen to have blown the assertion. Liddell and Scott do give ordain as the meaning of tassw in section III, number 2, appoint, ordain, order, prescribe. Even more devastating is the fact that the verbal form cited as being translated this way is almost identical to that in Acts 13:48 (tetagmena). Hence, you have not only chosen the wrong lexicon, you didnt even get what it says correctly. It is yet another testimony against you.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]5) Yes, the KJV does, but modern translations are much more accurate at this point, and that they have devoted themselves for ministry to the saints. In any case, the passage is only relevant for establishing a general semantic range for the term tassw. The passage, however, does not contain a periphrastic construction that parallels its use at Acts 13:48. There tassw is a simple aorist active. To make the passage relevant to the argument you are attempting to put forward, you would have to explain how an aorist verbal form in another author in a completely different context is relevant to the use in Acts 13:48. But there is more. In 1 Corinthians 16:15 the verb is active and has a direct object. Hence it was something the household of Stephanos did: they dedicated themselves to a particular task. But the perfect participle in Acts 13:48 is passive. This is something that was done to those who believed. You have to attempt to argue a middle voice for the participle, which is not only rare, but in this context, next to impossible to defend. In any case, you have not begun to provide a meaningful ground for your reference of this passage, and hence it must be rejected.[/font]
[font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]6) One Anglican divine does not equal many Greek experts, Dave, and given that Alford did not even attempt to deal with 1) Lukan usage (which, obviously, is the first sphere of interest to us: Acts 22:10 and 28:13 should be the first passages we examine, and both support the understanding of appointed/ordained not disposed; 2) the periphrastic construction and its resultant tense meaning, we have little basis for putting much stock in his comment. Yet, you said many and we only have one. You did cite a few others later on, but only their commentary and interpretation, not their discussion of the actual translation of the text. I can find Greek scholars who believe Jesus is Michael the Archangel or who deny the resurrection of Christ. That is not the issue. The relevant question, obviously, is, Do these many Greek scholars deal with the actual textual issues at hand, such as Lukan usage, the periphrastic, the prevalence of the passive participle over a middle form, etc.? You do not cite any for us.[/font]