I think you are right that racism is a different beast than prejudice. One is more passive and one is more active. Whhile you must have prejudiceto be a racist, not all people with prejudice act in a racist way.
If only people understood this FACT, minority and majority relationships would be much better - or at least a step in a positive direction. And, beast is a good word, because real racism affects an entire population, not just a few people's feelings. Someone calling a person a n**ger isn't racist - it is prejudiced, bigoted and ignorant.
Using that prejudice, bigotry and ignorance to actively prevent black people from fully ataining their inalienable right to pursuit of happiness (like separate PUBLIC spaces based on race, lynchings, draggings, laws targeting a race, false accusations easily believed based on racism, profiling, etc...) is racism.
Prejudice, bigotry and ignorance (just like stupidity, anger and hate) are hu man rights. But, as soon as you use your hate to, for example, keep me from attaining my inalienable rights, then you have an "ism." I don't think "isms" are really understood and/or taught on an anthropological level... which retards understanding overall.
Sexism - active prejudice for one sex that impedes the progress and we'll being of the targeted sex (e.g. Workplace unequal pay.)
Racism - active prejudice and bigotry that impedes the progress and well-being of the targeted race (e.g. public space restrictions based on race, murder in the name of racial prejudice, creating laws targeting certain individuals of certain race, profiling, etc...) is racism.
But, as I said it will be soon that no one will have privilege because of globalization. So, to me anyone who is actually prejudiced or especially racist are pitiful, and I feel bad for them. Reason: those people will be the first on the list to a hate and revile when the world becomes fully globalized. How do you think people would react when the playing field is evened, and the same people who had a history of imperialist, violent and racist against their people are suddenly equal (or even less than equal) in the world's eyes?
Yes, one would hope they have the patience and faith and love kindness of a saint...