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Messianic History

visionary

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A shining source of inspiration was Joseph Rabinowitz's establishment of a Messianic synagogue in Kishinev, Russia, in 1884 called Beney Israel, Beney Brit Chadashah (Israelites of the New Covenant) . Neither Rabinowitz nor his synagogue was connected to a Christian denomination; the government of Bessarabia legally designated the Messianic Jewish community a distinct Jewish sect. Rabinowitz's synagogue considered circumcision, the Sabbath, and festivals incumbent upon Jews, as section 6 of the community Twenty-Four Articles of Faith makes clear: [As] we are the seed of Abraham according to the flesh, who was the father of all those who were circumcised and believed, we are bound to circumcise every male child on the eighth day, as God commanded him . And as we are the descendants of those whom the Lord brought out of the land of Egypt, with a stretched out arm, we are bound to keep the Sabbath, the feast of unleavened bread, and the feast of weeks, according as it is written in the law of Moses.

Kjaer-Hansen, Joseph Rabinowitz and the Messianic Movement, 104
 
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visionary

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I found where Messianic Judaism got its name... Marty Chernoff, a pioneer of the late twentieth-century movement, saw a vision of a banner stretched across the sky with the words Messianic Judaism on it. His wife Yohanna writes about how they and their community of young Jewish believers in Yeshua came to reject the Hebrew Christian model and embrace Messianic Judaism.

Yohanna Chernoff with Jim Miller, Born a Jew ... Die a Jew: The Story of Martin Chernoff, a Pioneer in Messianic Judaism (Hagerstown, Md .: Ebed, 1996), 124
 
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Rabbi Daniel Zion (Chief Rabbi of Bulgaria)

Rabbi Daniel Zion, who was the Chief Rabbi of Bulgaria during the Holocaust, and saved his entire community and brought them to Israel. When he passed away in 1979 at the ripe old age of 96 years old, the Bulgarian Jewish community in Israel gave him a full burial with military and state honors. His casket stood in the center of Jaffa with a military guard, and at noon was carried by men all the way to the Holon cemetery on foot. He was buried as the Chief Rabbi of Bulgarian Jews who saved them from the Nazi Holocaust. Rabbi Daniel Zion also believed that Yeshua was the Messiah and suffered greatly for his conviction. Remembering Rabbi Daniel Zion | Yinon Blog
 
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Rabbi Judah Monis

Rabbi Judah Monis (1683-1764) played a significant role in American history. He was the first Jewish person in America to receive a college degree (MA from Harvard in 1720), the first college instructor of Hebrew in America, and the first person in North America to publish a Hebrew textbook (a Hebrew grammar, in 1735).

Rabbi Monis was born February 4, 1683, and was educated at Jewish academies in Livorno, Italy and Amsterdam. Following his ordination he served a congregation in Jamaica and then came to New York around 1715, where he opened a small store and also taught Hebrew. He additionally led discussions in theology, Kabbalah, and other topics. In 1720 he moved to Cambridge, MA, a city with a very small Jewish community.

After a number of years of study and contemplation, in 1722 Rabbi Judah Monis made a public confession of his faith in Yeshua. He continued to teach Hebrew at Harvard until his retirement in 1760. He died in 1764 and is buried in the First Parish Church Burial Ground on Howard Street in Northborough, MA.

PollyBlog: Not Your Average Joe – The Tombstone of Rabbi Judah Monis
 
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visionary

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Rabbi Dr. Max Wertheimer

Rabbi Max Wertheimer (1863-1941) was born in the province of Baden, Germany, to an Orthodox Jewish family. He received a strictly Jewish education, and beginning at the age of five was required to study the Torah in Hebrew with Rashi’s commentary as well as parts of the Talmud. He eventually immigrated to the United States to Buffalo, New York, where he met the rabbi of the local synagogue who was instrumental in his attending Hebrew Union College (HUC) in the fall of 1882.

Wertheimer graduated with his doctorate from Cincinnati University in 1887 and from the rabbinical seminary in 1889. Following graduation he became the rabbi of Bnai Yeshurun Temple in Dayton, Ohio – the first American-trained rabbi of the congregation, where he served for 10 years.

Dr. Wertheimer’s reputation as a lecturer, teacher, and preacher led him to be frequently called upon to speak in literary societies and in schools. As a distinguished rabbi he also addressed Christian gatherings of various denominations, including some Roman Catholic institutions. In short, he was loved and esteemed not only by Jews, but also by Christians.

Despite his success, however, Rabbi Wertheimer was still searching for something he felt was missing. He often locked himself in his library studying and praying to HaShem for light. As he searched the Scriptures his thoughts were repeatedly directed to Isaiah 53. Again and again his attention focused on the central figure of the chapter—“the righteous servant.”

On March 30, 1904, Dr. Wertheimer publicly confessed his faith in Yeshua and for the remainder of his life traveled around the country as a speaker and teacher.

Rabbis who believe in Yeshua - Rabbi Max Wertheimer
 
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Rabbi Charles Freshman

Rabbi Charles Freshman (1819-1875) was born in Hungary in a traditional Jewish home and received a thoroughly Jewish education. As a young boy he became well known as a prodigy in Talmud and halachah, and later received semicha (ordination) as a rabbi. He eventually moved to the big city of Prague where he was married and served several small congregations until he moved to Canada, where he served a congregation in Quebec City. Over time Rabbi Freshman became convinced that Yeshua was the Messiah, along with his entire family – his wife and seven children.

The autobiography of the Rev. Charles Freshman; late rabbi of the Jewish synagogue at Quebec, and graduate of the Jewish theological seminary at Prague; at present German Wesleyan minister at Preston, Ontario.. : Freshman, Charles, 1819-1875 : Free D
 
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Rabbi Rudolf Hermann Gurland

“Chaim” Gurland (1836-1905) was the son of a respected Rabbi in Vilnia, Lithuania. As a young child he loved his studies and especially adored the stories of great biblical figures and rabbis. His favorite narratives were those of Elijah. In fact, he loved them so much that one night he ran away from home because he “wanted to go up into heaven like Elijah”! It took days before the half-starved boy was found.

Chaim was destined to become a great rabbi like his father, and following his ordination he became the rabbi of Wilkomir. One day, a Jewish peddler brought him a Hebrew New Testament in which for the first time he read the Sermon on the Mount, the epistles of Paul, and other passages. His reading led to fresh doubts and a great sadness came over him.

He eventually came into contact with a local pastor and the two began to study Hebrew together. One day in the course of their studies they came to the fifty-third chapter of Isaiah. From that moment on the rabbi could not help thinking about that remarkable chapter, and felt it was cowardly to be afraid of what God had revealed in it.

The following week Rabbi Gurland expressed his willingness to read Isaiah 53 with Pastor Faltin. Rabbi Gurland admitted that the chapter was a perfect picture of Yeshua. After further study, when Rabbi Gurland was just 33 years old, he and his wife publicly announced their newfound belief that Yeshua was indeed the Messiah.

Rabbi Rudolf Hermann Gurland
 
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Rabbi Abraham Jakob Schwartzenberg

When Rabbi Schwartzenberg (1762-1843) was serving as a rabbi in Kasimir, Poland, someone gave him a copy of the New Testament. The rabbi read the New Testament, was deeply impressed and began to speak of it, encouraging others to read it also. He was convinced of the truth, but felt he needed to know more. He eventually travelled to Lublin, where he had heard of an evangelical minister. This man received him coldly and with suspicion. So the rabbi finally decided to immerse himself, in the same manner in which John the Immerser had immersed his disciples. He went to a river and dipped himself three times.

Rabbi Schwartzenberg eventually met a well-loved and respected missionary living in Warsaw, Dr. McCaul, who was known for his love for the Jewish people and for his knowledge of the Bible and Jewish literature. Rabbi Schwartzenberg visited with him and began to study with him.

The rabbi was baptized by Dr. McCaul on November 8th, 1828, at the age of sixty-four years old. In addition to his former name of Abraham, he also added the name Jacob, which he chose from Micah 7:20, “You will show truth to Jacob, and grace to Abraham, as you have sworn to our ancestors since days of long ago.”

Interestingly, however, Rabbi Schwartzenberg expressed his desire to retain his beard and continue in his Jewish way of dressing as proof to other Jews that despite his faith in Yeshua he had not left his people.


“The Jews often think that persons are baptized in order to escape reproach, or to live in Christian quarters of the city, or to walk in the “Saxon Garden” (from which Polish Jews were then excluded), but I will show them that none of these things move me. I am a Jew still formerly I was an unbelieving Jew, but now I am a believing Jew, and, whatever inconvenience or reproach may result, I wish to bear it with my brethren.”

This confession caused great strife within the Jewish community, who had him summoned before the police – for he continued to live in the way he had until then, and wore the distinctive dress of an Orthodox Jew and continued to live and socialize among his own people.

He supported himself by selling fruit in the street and continuing to visit the Jewish quarters of the city, often discussing with others his understanding of who the Messiah is. The police had standing orders to protect him, but at times when he found himself alone in a street he was often pelted with stones and mud. He lived this way for the next fourteen years. He was a man of strong common sense; but humility, zeal, piety, kindness, and gratitude were always the striking features of his character, which made him loved to all who knew him.

When members of the Jewish community of Warsaw heard that the elderly rabbi was dying, they crowded his home and bedroom to witness whether or not the old saintly rabbi would recant his faith in Yeshua on his death-bed. He never did. Rather, his final words recorded before his death were:

“Brethren, you wish to know in what faith I am dying! If every drop of blood in me were vocal, endowed with speech, each such drop would cry aloud that I am dying full of joy and peace, believing in the redemption of Israel, through the Lord Yeshua the Messiah.”

Rabbi Abraham Jakob Schwartzenberg died on June 30, 1842 in Warsaw at the age of eighty years old.

HaGefen Publishing - Biographies - Rabbis who followed Yeshua - Schwartzenberg, Abraham Jacob
 
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Rabbi Isidor Zwirn

Rabbi Isidor Zwirn was born around 1915 in New York City to an Orthodox Jewish family. As a child in the Lower East Side he attended Yeshiva Rabbenu Yaacov Yosef. In 1947 his family moved to California. He eventually became a rabbi and served in a couple different communities.

After being appointed by his Orthodox synagogue, B’nai Emunah in Burbank, to research prophesies concerning Israel and Zionism, Rabbi Zwirn repeatedly encountered prophesies concerning Mashiach. Simply from the Tanakh, over time he came to the conclusion that Yeshua was the Messiah.

In the early 1970′s word began to spread about his new crazy ideas. So he decided to bring the matter of Yeshua up with the senior rabbi of the shul, who simply listened quietly to his explanation of the prophetic passages he had been studying. The senior rabbi remained quiet for a moment and then only said, “just don’t talk about that around here.” Rabbi Zwirn agreed and thought that would be the end of it. Well he was wrong. The word spread within the synagogue and finally the local rabbinical council stepped in. The next Shabbat after Rabbi Zwirn had gone up to the bimah to read from the Torah, he was met by two police officers who escorted him out of the shul. It was made clear to him that his own synagogue had banned him from attending and no longer welcomed his participation.

Over the next few years Rabbi Zwirn never quite found a place to fit in. And at every turn he would boldly proclaim: “I’m not a Christian. I’m a Jew. I was born a Jew and I’ll die a Jew.”

http://www.amazon.com/Rabbis-Search-Messiah-Isidor-Zwirn/dp/0962395080
 
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FredVB

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It is impressive that from the accounts of a few of these persons it appears that the context of Isaiah 53 is very instrumental in bringing such persons who are serious about their Judaism and pursue it passionately to understanding that Yeshua is the Servant of Yahweh, the Messiah who is the promised leader, known as Christ to the world. These passages, of the Jewish scriptures, are good for other such strongly Jewish people to see, and so it would be good with us speaking of it with talking with them.
 
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Avodat

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It is impressive that from the accounts of a few of these persons it appears that the context of Isaiah 53 is very instrumental in bringing such persons who are serious about their Judaism and pursue it passionately to understanding that Yeshua is the Servant of Yahweh, the Messiah who is the promised leader, known as Christ to the world. These passages, of the Jewish scriptures, are good for other such strongly Jewish people to see, and so it would be good with us speaking of it with talking with them.


A little correction - there are no Jewish Scriptures. All Scripture is given to all the world. The vast majority of Scripture was written by Jews, including the 'new' testament. Would you call Matthew, John, Mark, Hebrews, and all Paul's writings 'Jewish Scriptures' on the basis that they were written by Jews, about a Jew? :)
 
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FredVB

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I could have called the same collection of scriptures the Hebrew scriptures, this might be with contrasting them to the new testament. The whole of all of them are in unity as the word of Yahweh through revelation, the Bible. They are indeed for all humanity. Referring to the collection of scriptures as the Jewish scriptures was for emphasizing that these are the scriptures that Jews themselves with being Jewish recognize.
 
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Avodat

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I could have called the same collection of scriptures the Hebrew scriptures, this might be with contrasting them to the new testament. The whole of all of them are in unity as the word of Yahweh through revelation, the Bible. They are indeed for all humanity. Referring to the collection of scriptures as the Jewish scriptures was for emphasizing that these are the scriptures that Jews themselves with being Jewish recognize.

:thumbsup: Thanks, understood.
 
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Most Christians I think are aware of the Messianic history of the church in the first century. Some people are even aware of the various "movements" of the last century of the Jewish people to following the Jewish Messiah, Yeshua of Natzeret.

What I think most people are unaware of is approximately 1800 years of history inbetween. Even for myself this is something I need to study a lot more of. Much of the history is largely remembered as a history of persecution.

There are the various Talmudic writings on the "Minim". Its acceptable for a Jew to be an Athiest, a Hindu, or even a Muslim; but in Israel today the only unallowed faith for a Jew who wishes to immigrate is a Faith in Rabbi Yeshua of Nazareth, the Messiah.

Likewise there has rarely been an acceptance of Jewish believers among the Gentile community. Few people are aware for instance that the Spanish Inquisition started to get rid of Messianic "Heretics" who were believed to be polluting Christianity. Messianic Jews were mostly likely to be executed while Orthodox Jews and Muslims were typically expelled from the country.

Besides the persecutions there is a lot of other rich history. Again most of this is the history of the Western Church and much more was occurring among Jews communities of North Africa, the Middle-East and East Africa. If you have any more stories and histories from this long time period, please share!

Thank you Visionary. This is very interesting and I'm looking forward to following the thread. I can't believe that I've missed several hundred posts already, lol.

Shalom.

David
 
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Yeshua HaDerekh

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The Churches of Gaul wrote to Rome over the Quartodeciman controversy (see Eusebius Hist. Eccl., V, xxiii) in support of the Asian bishops concerning the introduction of Easter.

The entire Eastern Orthodox Church followed what Polycarp was taught by John. The church in Rome was already following something different...
 
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Olarius, who wrote a preface to a Hebrew translation of the Augsburg confession prepared by Philipp Gallus in 1888, reports of Paulus, a rabbi in Prague who had been his teacher. The rabbi came to faith after reading the Hebrew translations of the Gospel of Matthew and Paul's epistle to the Romans.

Source:

Bernstein, A. Jewish Witnesses for Christ. O.J.C.I. Palestine House, Bodney Road, London N.E. 1909
 
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Dr. John Goldberg

Dr Goldberg was one of the rabbis who came to faith in Jerusalem in the early nineteenth century, whose story we learn from Ewald's journal. He belonged to the "perushim" sect of Ashkenazi Jews - the modern successors of the Pharisees.

He was baptised in Christ Church by Rev. John Nicolayson in 1843, and consequently suffered much persecution, losing all his property. He was obliged to leave Jerusalem, and traveled to Cairo, and then to Salonica, preaching the Gospel to his fellow-Jews wherever he went. In 1851 he was appointed missionary in Constantinople, and in 1860 in Smyrna, also in Turkey.

Goldberg, according to Bernstein's testimony, was a spiritually-minded and lovable man.

His last years were spent in England, where he contributed two articles on "The Language of Christ" and "The Future Division of the Land of Israel" to the Hebrew Christian Witness in 1874.

Sources

Bernstein, A. Jewish Witnesses for Christ. 1909. Keren Ahvah Meshichit, new edition, 1999.
Ewald, F.C., Journal of Missionary Labours in the City of Jerusalem 1842-44. (1846)
 
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Hezkiel (Hezekiel) Hyim

Rabbi Hyim was the son of one of the richest and most infuential Jews in Hamadan, Persia at the time. He was recognised as a young man of remarkable ability, deeply read in the Hebrew Scriptures, the Gemara, the Targum, etc, and a good Persian scholar. He was led by the word of God alone to the conclusion that the Messiah should have come, and been put to death while the second Temple was still standing.

Source

based on Dr. Bruce's testimony (a CMS missionary in Persia) quoted in Gidney's History of the London Society 1908.
 
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