I would also add that a Church Commission back in the 1960's urged that the ban be lifted. However, Pope Paul chose to go with the Commission's minority report and keep the ban. Meanwhile, Carl made a worthy observation.
Now, if you are looking at the Catholic Church, you could also consider the Eastern Orthodox Church. They have much in common, but still some differences. Now, the ultimate question that you pose is more than a little complex. I will let others get into a more involved discussion of the matter. I will say that Protestants should not so easily dismiss the Catholic Church or the Eastern Orthodox Church. The EOC claims to be the Church founded by Jesus. The Catholic Church used to make the same claim and they still do, for all practical purposes. However, they now use the phrase, "The Church of Christ subsists in the Catholic Church". Do not ask me what the difference is, but there would seem to be a slight difference, but not much I suppose.
I used to think a lot of the Catholic and Orthodox claim that the Eucharistic elements become the body and blood of Christ. However, through the years I began to think less and less of this position and then when I read a few months ago what I had forgotten about my Old Testament, that there is a very strong prohibition therein against the consumption of blood, I now find it virtually impossible to believe that Jesus intended for his followers to drink his blood.