aiki
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- Feb 16, 2007
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wow another bizarre sentiment. Can you understand why a sentient being should be treated differently to an inanimate object, why we wouldn't do to a sentient being certain things we'd do to an inanimate object? If you don't understand that I don't think we can get very far in discussing morality. Are you asking me why I assume sentient beings deserve to be treated ethically or do you actually disagree that sentience automatically confers the right to be treated ethically?
I thought it was pretty clear that I was asking you a question rather than making a declarative statement...
Sentient
1. having the power of perception by the senses; conscious.
2. characterized by sensation and consciousness.
I believe sentient beings deserve to be treated ethically because I'm a sentient being and I know there are ways I wouldn't want to be treated, so I know its unethical to treat other sentient beings those ways.
People constantly tread on others in order to serve themselves. This is the reason human history is so fraught with war, and violence and death. This is why prisons are filled to bursting with thieves, murderers, rapists, drug pushers and the like. This is why there is no such thing as a human Utopia. It is apparent from these facts, I think, that human sentience and ethics are not necessarily directly linked. The Golden Rule, which is what you've described above, is an excellent basis for ethics. Unfortunately, when it comes into conflict with an individual's fulfillment of personal goals and self gratification, it is as often as not set aside. It is quite obvious that something more besides the mere sense of the Golden Rule is required for the ethic it proposes to be consistently adhered to by human beings. I would suggest that that "something more' is God.
Universal means applicable everywhere or in all cases, characteristic of the whole. Universal ethics and morality come from universal characteristics of sentient beings or in other words the nature of sentient beings. Sentient beings suffer when they are harmed and treated badly, so sentient beings understand that it is wrong to treat other sentient beings in this way.
Well, as I've observed above, this is actually not the case. The basis of ethics you have offered is not universally adhered to by human beings. In fact, selfishness is more reflective of human nature than a concern for ethical behaviour, which is clearly evidenced in the lying, cheating, laziness, prejudice, greediness, and violence that daily marks human affairs.
human morality is characterized by a degree of selflessness in that humans understand it is moral to restrain certain behaviour that might serve themselves. We see a reason to restrain that behaviour because although it might serve yourself, it would harm others. It also ultimately doesn't serve yourself.
I have already pointed out that this is not, generally, how humans behave. Laws must be formed and enforced and punishments levied against those who would defy them in order to curb the human tendency to put themselves first at the expense of others.
So in both these ways morality is about looking past the differences between ourself and other people and seeing ourselves and other sentient beings as equal or as one.
I agree that this is very humane way to behave. It is not, however, how people typically behave.
For example its morally wrong to rip someone off for our own financial gain or to commit violence against them to make ourselves feel better. Although we know we could gain something out of doing both, we restrain ourselves from doing it because we know that we would be doing something to another sentient being which we wouldn't want done to ourselves.
This is certainly how one ought to behave, but it is not actually how people do behave. The prevalence of child and spousal abuse, broken homes, divorce, various destructive vices and addictions, suicide, political corruption, preventable starvation and disease in third world countries - all speak of the lack of ethics you describe.
And if we did it, it would ultimatley not serve us because it would provoke a reaction of the same nature from our victim/s. It's a reciprocal thing which takes place between humans beings, people get back from other people what they put out to other people, a third party, non-human being isn't involved and doesn't need to be involved.
It is precisely because God is ignored and defied that the world is as devoid of ethical conduct as it is!
Sometimes people have a code or standard of behaviour which they believe is acceptable, and these codes of behaviour can differ with time and place. Sometimes in that code of behaviour things can be done which harm or exploit others. Those codes of behaviour are amoral, and codes of behaviour are often relative and vary with time and place.
Are you justifying the very thing your description of ethics condemns? It seems so. You've made an effort to lay out why people ought to be ethical toward each other, that they ought to treat others as they wish to be treated, and now you say that codes of behaviour which have harmed or exploited others are "amoral"? Are you not aware of how contradictory this is?
The one thing that always stays the same though is sentience and human nature. For vikings in the middle ages it was acceptable to raid people in other countries and kill innocent women and children indiscriminatley. That is an amoral code of behaviour. It's an apparently self-serving code of behaviour at the expense of others.
No, sir. It is not amoral, it is immoral. You just have to ask the people the Vikings murdered and pillaged. I'm sure they would very adamantly insist that they had been treated very unethically by the Vikings. If we take your definition of ethical behaviour as the universal standard you say it is, then, when universally applied it clearly condemns the Viking raids as unethical.
Where does the human moral conscience come from? Depends who you ask. Some will tell you altruism, it originates in evolution. There is a mathematical equation for human altruism.
I'm not sure if there is an actual point here...
Beleivers say we come from God, God created man in his image. Non-believers say God comes from us, man created God or gods in his image. Either way, God and man are intricatley related and fundamentally similar.
No, again, you're mistaken. The God of the Bible is not anthropomorphic in the way other gods are. In fact, Jehovah-God is far more unlike human beings than He is like them. God is a Spirit, the Bible tells us. He is infinite, without beginning or end; He is self-sustaining; He exists outside of time; He is all knowing, and all-powerful. The nature of Jehovah-God strongly suggests that He is not made in our image.
They're both conscious, self-aware sentient beings. The question is which came first. Humans have a nature, a moral conscience and rationality which if we are created by God is given to us by God. The bible says the commandments are written on our heart. You said that if I believe my moral conscience and rationality was given to me by God, it would be logically inconsistent to use it to decide God is immoral, since its source is God and so God must be the embodiment of that morality. Now you are saying that human morality is relative, humans don't really have a moral conscience. Or if there is a universal human morality, God doesn't share it. You've written unethical with inverted commas.
I do believe that God has given each of us a basic sense of right and wrong. But we have a natural inclination to ignore that sense when we think it better suits us to do so. We know that when we lie, or steal, or behave cowardly, or selfishly that it is wrong to do so because our conscience bothers us. It is not too difficult, however, for most people to quash their conscience, to rationalize their wrongdoing, to justify ignoring their conscience. This is accomplished in part through the development of relativistic philosophy and morality. The basic conscience God has given to each person is easily corrupted and made to conform to the selfish nature of humanity. When this happens, our God-given conscience ceases to reflect God's morality. Instead, it becomes severely blunted and a slave to each person's selfishness. This is why I think that, although God has made us morally aware, we do not typically accurately reflect God's view of right and wrong in our conduct.
God and humans are intricatley related whether God made humans in his image or its the other way around. Whatever intrinsic morality and nature we have, its given to us by God. Whats the point of believing that God has nothing to do with that nature which he gave to us anyway? Who wants to believe that? How can man and God be related in that case?
How can a clay pot, which is so different from the Potter who made it, have any relation to the Potter? The answer isn't found in how they are similar, but in the fact that the one created the other. The Potter invests the clay pot with something of Himself insofar as the shape, and thickness, and size of the pot all express something of His "tastes," His aesthetic values, as the Potter. But the Potter can never be confused with His pots; He is far too different from them for that to happen.
Peace.
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