The adopted girl who became a harlot (16:1-63).
a. God's concern for Israel: God had found in a field an abandoned, despised, and dying baby girl. Her name was Israel (16:1-5). This is a reference to Israel's bondage to the Egyptians in the first few chapters of Exodus (see especially Exod. 1:13-14; 2:23; 3:7). God graciously adopted this ragged little girl, and when she became of age, he entered into the sacred rite of marriage with her, and she legally became his elected wife (16:8). This, of course, all took place at Mount Sinai when God ratified his covenant with Israel. (See Exod. 19:5; also, compare Ezek. 16:9 with Exod. 19:14.) After the marriage, God dressed her in the most beautiful clothes, adorned her with the most costly jewels, and provided the finest food available for His beloved (16:10-14). This occurred in Israel's history during the reigns of David and Solomon (see 2 Sam. 8:11; 1 Kings 3:13;10:47).
b. Israel's contempt for God: But this little ex-orphan soon spurned all his love and faithfulness and became a common harlot of the streets (16:15-34). This intolerable action could not continue unpunished, for the beloved Husband was also the righteous Judge. He would, therefore, turn her over to her own murderous lovers to be abused and punished (16:36-41). Her wickedness by this time had even surpassed that of her older sister (Samaria, the capital of the northern kingdom) and that of her younger sister, Sodom (see Ezek.16:46-50). After he had chastened her, God would once again restore her to himself, because of his love for her and his promise to Abraham (16:53,60,63).
The two harlot sisters (23:1-49)
a. Their immorality: Two sisters begin their sad history of prostitution by engaging in immorality with the Egyptians (23:1-3).
b. Their identity: The names of these girls are Aholah and Aholiabah and are identified as Samaria and Jerusalem (23:4). The word Aholah means "her tent" and is a reference to the fact that God never approved of the false religion of Samaria (capital of the northern kingdom) as instituted by its first king, Jeroboam (see 1 Kings 12:25-33). Thus, "her tent" meant she had her own religion which did not include God. The word Aholibah means "my tent is in her," " indicating that God's presence still dwelt in the Jerusalem temple in spite of Judah's sin. It is said here, that both these girls became harlots because of their Egyptian immorality. This refers to the fact that both cities were impressed with the religious and political structures of Egypt. Aholah then began illicit relations with Assyria (23:5). This happened under northern king Menahem, who allied himself with Assyria (see 2 Kings 15:13-20). Aholibah did the same thing with Babylon (23:11). King Hezekiah treated the Babylonian representative almost as if they were gods (see 2 Kings 20:12-19; 2 Chron. 32:31). God, therefore, determined to turn both these sisters over to the full brutality of their respective lovers (23:9, 22, 24).