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General anesthesia and consciousness

stevevw

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Perhaps you can explain something to me that's puzzled me for a while... how do researchers know when an NDE happened?

We know from studies that half of all NDE's occur in people who were never near death at all.



Features of "near-death experience" in relation to whether or not patients were near death

So we can be absolutely certain that these people's NDE's happened before they flat lined, because they never actually flat lined. But what about the other half? How do we know when their NDE's happened? There are a number of possibilities.

  1. The NDE happens while the patient is perfectly stable, just like the other half of people. It's just that these patients then go on to flat line, but their NDE had already occurred.
  2. The NDE happens during the time when blood flow to the brain has stopped, but the brain hasn't actually flat lined yet. The brain can continue to function for at least a few minutes after loss of blood flow, and could function for an extended period of time as doctors and nurses work to keep oxygen going to the brain.
  3. The NDE happens while brain function is flat lined.
  4. The NDE happens as heart function is restored, blood flow to the brain returns, and brain activity begins to return to normal.
  5. The NDE happens once brain function has fully normalized again.

So the question is... other than the half of patients who never flat lined, how do we know when the NDE's for everyone else actually happened? Just because half of the patients flat lined doesn't mean that their NDE's occurred while they were flat lined.

It seems to me that without an answer to this question everything else about NDE's is pure speculation.
As far as I understand some recent studies have shown the brain wave activity up to an hour after the brain has flat lined. So theres something going on in the brain that should not be happening. Scientists are now specifically homing in on what is happening by connecting people up to measuring devices during medical emergencies such as EEG and measuring brain oxygen ect.

So they are able to measure pre and post death brain activity. They have also compared this against other experiments on brain activity such as when the brain is experiencing hullucinations which seem to show a difference between NDE brain patterns thus ruling out hullucination or dreamlike states.

I guess it would be near impossible to 100% prove that the kind of brain activity happening post flatlined brain is what the patient describes.

But considering it seems to be so clear and vivid, happen consistently regardless of culture, often about something after death, forgotten memories, some sort of moral message, seeing some sort of godlike being as well as having a profound effect on the person it doesn't seem like something that would happen as an imaginary or dreamlike occurrance.

Nevertheless I don't think it would matter when it happened either before or after flatelining because the clarity and vividness often described as being more conscious then even when awake would seem impossible at any stage when someone is unconscious and fighting for their life where the brain is going into meltdown and chaos.
 
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Bradskii

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As far as I understand some recent studies have shown the brain wave activity up to an hour after the brain has flat lined. So theres something going on in the brain that should not be happening. Scientists are now specifically homing in on what is happening by connecting people up to measuring devices during medical emergencies such as EEG and measuring brain oxygen ect.
Let's see some examples then. 'As far as I understand..' and 'There is something going on' and 'scientists are now showing...' tells us nothing at all.

We have already found that when specific examples are used where the evidence can be examined then things are not as they were claimed to be. So let's see 'some recent studies.'
 
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Bradskii

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Nevertheless I don't think it would matter when it happened either before or after flatelining...
I'm afraid it would. There are a plethora of drugs that are used on anyone who has had an emergency life or death event. The effects of those drugs last for some time. And if the patient is on the way to recovery then those drugs can have quite an affect on your brain long after the 'clinically dead' phase is over.

My father had one of these life or death situations. He was in a coma for some time. And when he came out of it he told us what he swears he had seen whilst he was was out. The most surreal was a discussion that he said he had with a large china dog at the end of his bed. 'More real to me than you are now' were his words. Obviously the effects of the drugs he was on. He had no idea, and neither did anyone else, when those little chats with his new friend took place. Something tells me that if instead of a china dog he had seen a bright light and someone telling him to go home then we'd have people lining up to claim a supernatural NDE.
 
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stevevw

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Neither of those links are available. Did you manage to open them?
Yes how else could I have posted the sections above. But for some reason they don't work once linked. The 3rd and 4th links still work though. Here are a couple of articles from the same study as the first 2 articles.

And as has been noted, in the unlikely event that a patient was plugged into something that would detect brain activity (and I'd like access to that report to check) then when somebody recovers and says 'Hey, I had the weirdest experience', quite possibly hours after the event, there is no way to know that they had the experience when brain activity was flatlining.
I think you will find that the articles I linked are part of an ongoing and study into NDE where they are specifically monitoring the brain to measure the brain waves during events like cardiac arrests. The spike in brain waves is seen after the brain has flatlined. It has also been found in patients who were anesthetised meaning they were not only brain dead but unconscious due to anesthetic which would seem to make it twice as unlikely to have any brain activity especially such vivid and clear ones.

Other studies have shown similar results. Not just with measuring the brain but with comparing experiences across the world. It seems there are some similar experiences regardless of culture, race, religion or not, age which make a strong case for these experiences being real, at least to the experiencer. Not some fragmented, delusional or dreamlike experiences but something profound enough to change peoples lives. So something was real enough about the experience that it has effected their waking life.

Heres an article from research done with the Near Death Experience Research Foundation which is an ongoing program studying NDE. It claims there are several lines of evidence for NDE and each one strong support in itself. But combined makes a very good case. As it mentions with something like consciousness we find it hard to understand this through a purely scientific and reductionist lens.

The greates evdience comes from first hand experience as obviously only the person experiencing consciousness can tell us about consciousness. But through sharing their experiences we can draw out data which can build a case as to why these experiences are more likely real and no some delusion or dream or reaction to lack of oxygen or drugs.

Evidence of the Afterlife The Science of Near-Death Experiences
 
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stevevw

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I'm afraid it would. There are a plethora of drugs that are used on anyone who has had an emergency life or death event. The effects of those drugs last for some time. And if the patient is on the way to recovery then those drugs can have quite an affect on your brain long after the 'clinically dead' phase is over.

My father had one of these life or death situations. He was in a coma for some time. And when he came out of it he told us what he swears he had seen whilst he was was out. The most surreal was a discussion that he said he had with a large china dog at the end of his bed. 'More real to me than you are now' were his words. Obviously the effects of the drugs he was on. He had no idea, and neither did anyone else, when those little chats with his new friend took place. Something tells me that if instead of a china dog he had seen a bright light and someone telling him to go home then we'd have people lining up to claim a supernatural NDE.
The studies I have linked factored those out. No patients used had oxygen depletion or any adverse drug effects that influenced the findings. In fact the study found that if anything drugs will cause memory loss not gain of better memory in recovery. The article from Southhampton Uni mentions this.

"...There are currently three explanations for these accounts. The first is physiological; that the hallucinations patients experience is due to disturbed brain chemistry caused by drug treatment, a lack of oxygen or changes in carbon dioxide levels.

In the Southampton study none of the four patients who had near-death experiences had low levels of oxygen or received any unusual combination of drugs during their resuscitation."

Plus the idea that drugs or oxygen deleption or some other facts that is causing people to have strange reactions and detached delusions or dreams would suggest inconsistent and fragmented memories and experiences.

It seems this is not the case with NDE. The experience are consistent across age and culture, they are clear and vivid, often more clear than everyday consciousness. Offering deep insights into ones life, forgotten memories, new meanings profoundly changing them as one scientists said like a 1 minute therapy session that change their life.

These experiences don't have the hallmarks of fragmented and delusional experiences. The experiencers know who they are, where they are, and often gain memories and information they have either forgotten or could not have known.
 
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Aaron112

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Most of the experiences of humans are consistent , yes, with demonic activity.
Just like in popular cults and
just like the world was full of (and is full again of)
in the days of Noah as Jesus Says it would be today.
 
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Bradskii

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Yes how else could I have posted the sections above. But for some reason they don't work once linked. The 3rd and 4th links still work though. Here are a couple of articles from the same study as the first 2 articles.


I think you will find that the articles I linked are part of an ongoing and study into NDE where they are specifically monitoring the brain to measure the brain waves during events like cardiac arrests.
You spend an awful lot of time posting things that are not connected in any way with the post to which you are responding. Go back and re-read what I said and respond to that. I'm not interested in anything other than that.
 
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Bradskii

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The studies I have linked factored those out. No patients used had oxygen depletion or any adverse drug effects that influenced the findings.
That's complete bulldust. As soon as you go into cardiac arrest the brain is immediately cut off from the oxygen supply. Obviously, as the heart is not pumping blood to it.

'A person becomes unconscious quickly during cardiac arrest. This usually happens within 20 seconds after the heart stops beating. Without the oxygen and sugars it needs to function, the brain is unable to deliver the electrical signals needed to maintain breathing and organ function.' How Long Does Brain Activity Last After Cardiac Arrest?.

'When there’s a lack of oxygen flowing to the brain, hallucinations and delusions can result.' Reasons for Delusions & Hallucinations in Aging Adults.
 
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stevevw

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You spend an awful lot of time posting things that are not connected in any way with the post to which you are responding. Go back and re-read what I said and respond to that. I'm not interested in anything other than that.
What I posted connected with what you claimed. You said "in the unlikely event that someone was connected to an EEG" and "how do we know NDE are just something that happened in recovery from drugs administered during the emergency".

I replied to those objections saying the patients are wired up to the EEG and other measures as part of the ongoing study and that none of the patients were oxygen deprived or had any adverse medication that effected the findings. That directly addressed your objections.

I then added some more information that helps understand how your objections don't stand up by showing that the NDE are clear and coherent and not fragmented or delusional which we would expect from the effects of drugs.

That the NDE are consistent across different people with different backgrounds in different cultures who may not apply the same practices which would not be possible if this was the result of drugs which would show inconsistent and confused experiences.
 
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Bradskii

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What I posted connected with what you claimed. You said "in the unlikely event that someone was connected to an EEG" and "how do we know NDE are just something that happened in recovery from drugs administered during the emergency".

I replied to those objections saying the patients are wired up to the EEG and other measures as part of the ongoing study and that none of the patients were oxygen deprived or had any adverse medication that effected the findings.
Any person who has had a cardiac arrest has a brain that is working with a reduced amount of oxygen. The brain gets the oxygen from the blood. The blood is pumped by the heart. When the pump stops then the blood flow stops. The brain stops receiving further oxygen from that point. The effects happen within a few seconds. Put someone in a choke hold and press on the carotid artery and they will be unconscious very quickly indeed. Because the brain is being starved of oxygen.

And nothing you have posted addresses how we know that someone who reports an NDE had the experience at the exact time they were near death.
 
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stevevw

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That's complete bulldust. As soon as you go into cardiac arrest the brain is immediately cut off from the oxygen supply. Obviously, as the heart is not pumping blood to it.
Yes thats right so therefore during cardiac arrest oxygen is not the cause of NDE because there is no oxygen and the brain has flatlined.
A person becomes unconscious quickly during cardiac arrest. This usually happens within 20 seconds after the heart stops beating. Without the oxygen and sugars it needs to function, the brain is unable to deliver the electrical signals needed to maintain breathing and organ function.' How Long Does Brain Activity Last After Cardiac Arrest?.

'When there’s a lack of oxygen flowing to the brain, hallucinations and delusions can result.' Reasons for Delusions & Hallucinations in Aging Adults.
After the heart stops it takes between 10 to 20 seconds and the brain flatlines. So its pretty quick. Its a shut down and a fight for life. Not a time to be having blissful reunions with deceased loved ones, life evaluations, floating up in the ceiling and meeting angels and God.

Lack of oxygen causes confusion, fragmented delusions, often associated with agitation and thrashing in trying to fight to stay alive. NDE is the complete opposite. Plus the patient becomes unconscious as a result where there should not be any conscious thoughts let alone more vivid and clear ones.
 
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stevevw

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Any person who has had a cardiac arrest has a brain that is working with a reduced amount of oxygen. The brain gets the oxygen from the blood. The blood is pumped by the heart. When the pump stops then the blood flow stops. The brain stops receiving further oxygen from that point. The effects happen within a few seconds. Put someone in a choke hold and press on the carotid artery and they will be unconscious very quickly indeed. Because the brain is being starved of oxygen.
Yes the brain shuts down within seconds. So how can there be any delusions or dreams caused by a lack of oxygen when the brain has shut down within seconds. How can there be any conscious thought when the person is unconscious.
And nothing you have posted addresses how we know that someone who reports an NDE had the experience at the exact time they were near death.
Yes I did. The article I linked mentions that after the brain flatlined there were spikes of activity up to an hour after the brain had shut down. There is a measure for NDE The Greyson measure. Having a cardiac arrest is pretty instant. The person can go from being alive to dropping dead in an instant. There is no time to be thinking about heaven and loved ones. Some patients studied were killed instantly in car accidents and did not have time to be in any pre state of living to experience anything.

But it doesn't matter because the patient whether brain dead or not in these situations is unconscious as well and there should not be any conscious experience.
 
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Bradskii

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Yes thats right so therefore during cardiac arrest oxygen is not the cause of NDE because there is no oxygen and the brain has flatlined.
No, it's the lack of of oxygen. The brain gets starved of the gas. And guess what...as per the link I gave you earlier it can cause hallucinations
After the heart stops it takes between 10 to 20 seconds and the brain flatlines.
No, you'll become unconscious in around 10 seconds. Brain activity doesn't cease in 10 seconds. There's still oxygen there but it's being used up and not replaced. You suffer from anoxia to a certain degree within a few seconds.
Lack of oxygen causes confusion, fragmented delusions...
And hallucinations. See previous link.
 
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stevevw

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No, it's the lack of of oxygen. The brain gets starved of the gas. And guess what...as per the link I gave you earlier it can cause hallucinations
Yes the brain gets starved of oxygen and flatlines in around 10 seconds. Hardly enough time to experience all that NDE'ers claim. Besides the tests showed that there was a spike in brain activity in the regions of consciousness after the brain was dead up to an hour after death. What were these spikes if the brain is dead.

You also have to explain how lack of oxygen produces a completely different experience to NDE. Lack of oxygen usually is confusing, fragmented, loss of memory, and bodily reaction is fighting against dying. None of this was found with NDE and quite the opposite. Usually at peace, blissful, relaxed experiences. Seems strange that people experience being relaxed and at peace when the body is fighting against death and shutting down.
No, you'll become unconscious in around 10 seconds.
No a cardiac arrest causes unconsciousness because the heart has stopped. You can't be conscious when your heart has stopped. The 10 to 20 seconds they are talking about is not the time for the patient to become unconscious. Its the time between when the heart stops to when the brain flatlines.

Then you also have to explain how those killed instantly in car accidents or other sudden trauma have these experiences. You would also need to explain how someone under anesthetics can also have these experiences when they are unconscious.
Brain activity doesn't cease in 10 seconds. There's still oxygen there but it's being used up and not replaced. You suffer from anoxia to a certain degree within a few seconds.

And hallucinations. See previous link.
So all the experiences described out of body and peering down from the ceiling, then going through tunnel and seeing lights, then meeting deseased relatives and then some angelic being telling them they had to go back all happens in 10 seconds.
 
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Bradskii

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Yes the brain gets starved of oxygen and flatlines in around 10 seconds.
No it doesn't. Only the cerebral cortex flatlines in that time:

'The cerebral cortex of the brain, Parnia explained, that is responsible for thinking and processing the information from the five senses, also shows no activity within 2 and 20 seconds of the heart stopping.' Brain function does not die immediately after the heart stops finds study

It also goes on to say, as the title explains, that brain function does not cease immediately after a cardiac arrest.
Hardly enough time to experience all that NDE'ers claim. Besides the tests showed that there was a spike in brain activity in the regions of consciousness after the brain was dead up to an hour after death. What were these spikes if the brain is dead.
From the same link: '...the actual time to complete brain death may take hours after the heart has stopped he added.'
You also have to explain how lack of oxygen produces a completely different experience to NDE. Lack of oxygen usually is confusing, fragmented, loss of memory, and bodily reaction is fighting against dying.
And halucinations. That's been explained three times. You are still ignoring it.
No a cardiac arrest causes unconsciousness because the heart has stopped. You can't be conscious when your heart has stopped.
Yes you can.

'Loss of consciousness starts about 8 s after the last heart beat and circulatory standstill occurs after 10–15 s.' Timing of Circulatory and Neurological Events in Syncope.
The 10 to 20 seconds they are talking about is not the time for the patient to become unconscious. Its the time between when the heart stops to when the brain flatlines.
No. When part of the brain flatlines. If all the the brain shows no activity whatsoever then you are literally brain dead. It's no 'near death' anymore.
Then you also have to explain how those killed instantly in car accidents or other sudden trauma have these experiences.
Is it really worth my time explaining that someone who has died instantly is in no position to tell you about what they experienced? I think you need to concentrate a little harder about what you are posting.
You would also need to explain how someone under anesthetics can also have these experiences when they are unconscious.
It's quite common: Dreaming while under anesthesia no cause for alarm

'In their study, the researchers assessed 300 consecutive healthy patients who were undergoing elective surgery that required general anesthesia. The Bispectral Index, a measure of the anesthetic effect on the brain, was used to gauge the depth of anesthesia during surgery. After the surgery was over, the patients were interviewed about their dreams. Twenty-two percent of patients reported dreaming.'

Notwithstanding that coming out of a general anesthesia is not immediate. The effects wear off and you become more aware. You become 'less unconscious.'
So all the experiences described out of body and peering down from the ceiling, then going through tunnel and seeing lights, then meeting deseased relatives and then some angelic being telling them they had to go back all happens in 10 seconds.
You still haven't shown any evidence for that whatsoever. It could easily be some time after a general anaesthetic or some time after cardiac arrest or some time after the cerebral cortex flatlines.
 
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stevevw

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No it doesn't. Only the cerebral cortex flatlines in that time:

'The cerebral cortex of the brain, Parnia explained, that is responsible for thinking and processing the information from the five senses, also shows no activity within 2 and 20 seconds of the heart stopping.' Brain function does not die immediately after the heart stops finds study

It also goes on to say, as the title explains, that brain function does not cease immediately after a cardiac arrest.
The point is the cortex, the outer layer of the brain is where consciousness thought is. So the cortext where consciousness is shuts down within 2 to 20 seconds. Hardly enough time to have such vivid conscious thought on a range of things such as visiting heaven, life reviews, meeting loved ones ect.
From the same link: '...the actual time to complete brain death may take hours after the heart has stopped he added.'
Yes the stem may still have some activity for hours. But that is not where any conscious thought resides.
And halucinations. That's been explained three times. You are still ignoring it.
I haven't ignored this. I disagreed that NDE has the hallmarks of hallucinations and explained why. For one hallucinations should be individual and different for each person and conext according to psychological differences, the culture and environment it happens in. But NDE are very consistent across culture and between individuals. They all share the same qualities and events. They recall forgoten information, real information not imaginary of hallucinated and fragmented information.

I also posted the article where this was addressed as not an issue.
"...There are currently three explanations for these accounts. The first is physiological; that the hallucinations patients experience is due to disturbed brain chemistry caused by drug treatment, a lack of oxygen or changes in carbon dioxide levels.
In the Southampton study none of the four patients who had near-death experiences had low levels of oxygen or received any unusual combination of drugs during their resuscitation."

Parnia also addressed whether hallucinations can account for NDE.

Parnia also has trouble with the hallucination theory. When people have a lack of oxygen to the brain — something Parnia sees daily in the intensive care unit —they become completely delusional and disoriented. With delusions, thinking becomes fragment, a muddled mess. “They don’t have well-structured thought processes,” he says. They thrash about and, if the oxygen becomes too low, they go into a coma. NDE-ers, by contrast, report vivid experiences.

In addition, “people are coming back and describing real events that have occurred and that doctors and nurses have verified, validated.” So, by definition, they can’t be hallucinations, because they’re describing real events, he argues.

https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/life-after-life-does-consciousness-continue-after-our-brain-dies
Yes you can.
OK yeah you can but on;y for between 2 and 20 seconds as the lack of oxygen to the outer cortex will flat line it and that is where conscious thought resides.

This is also addressed by one of the article I linked


The EEG measures electrical activity in the cortex, or outer part of the brain, which is responsible for conscious thought. Following cardiac arrest a lucid, organized, and conscious experience should be impossible. With a flat EEG, it is still possible for electrical activity to be present in the lower parts of the brain, such as the brain stem. There is no chance that electrical activity in these lower parts of the brain could account for such a highly lucid and ordered experience as described by NDErs. Lucidity coupled with the predictable order of elements establishes that NDEs are not dreams or hallucinations, nor are they due to any other causes of impaired brain functioning.

'Loss of consciousness starts about 8 s after the last heart beat and circulatory standstill occurs after 10–15 s.' Timing of Circulatory and Neurological Events in Syncope.
Even if thats true 8 seconds is not long to have a NDE with such detail and different events happening. Even during those seconds its not exactly a time to be having such clear and coherent thoughts and be happy and peaceful.
No. When part of the brain flatlines. If all the the brain shows no activity whatsoever then you are literally brain dead. It's no 'near death' anymore.
Actually the researchers had a measure for when a patient was classed as clinically dead.

“In our prospective study of patients that have been clinically dead (VF on the ECG) no electric activity of the cortex of the brain (flat EEG) must have been possible, but also the abolition of brain stem activity like the loss of the corneareflex, fixed dilated pupils and the loss of the gag reflex is a clinical finding in those patients.
Is it really worth my time explaining that someone who has died instantly is in no position to tell you about what they experienced? I think you need to concentrate a little harder about what you are posting.
Obviously there would be a short time gap between suffering the trauma and dying. But what I am saying is that some people have been suddenly made unconscious before they had arrested due to the sudden impact and severity. So there was no period where they were conscious to experience any hallucinations or dream states. Yet they still had conscious experiences as described by NDE depsite being unconscious and then clinically dead.

Many NDEs have been reported in which the lifethreatening event was sudden, unexpected, and occurred with immediate unconsciousness, such as an unanticipated car crash. The NDEs would have unconsciousness occur so rapidly that a psychological defense mechanism would not have time to develop.
It's quite common: Dreaming while under anesthesia no cause for alarm

'In their study, the researchers assessed 300 consecutive healthy patients who were undergoing elective surgery that required general anesthesia. The Bispectral Index, a measure of the anesthetic effect on the brain, was used to gauge the depth of anesthesia during surgery. After the surgery was over, the patients were interviewed about their dreams. Twenty-two percent of patients reported dreaming.'

Notwithstanding that coming out of a general anesthesia is not immediate. The effects wear off and you become more aware. You become 'less unconscious.'
A number of reasons can be argued as to why its not associated with dreams during anesthesia.

The dreams during anesthesia are said to be like normal dreams during sleep which are usually hard to remember and less clear especially coming out of anesthesia as it effects memory and not about the specific clear experiences during NDE which are consistent and include meeting deceased loved ones, meeting angles and some divine being, seeing oneself from above, a moral evaluation of ones entire life. To the experiencer they are more real than everyday life whereas dreams tend to be recognised quickly as unreal. NDE is real enough to change peoples lives.

The spikes during a procedure under anesthesia show brain activity in the conscious section of the brain which should not happen. They happen during the procedure and not later when coming out of anesthesia. Measurements can tell when a brain is unconscious as opposed to in a conscious state and these brains are in an unconscious state, obviously if a procedure is being done.

NDE are consistent and dreams during coming out of anesthesia are inconsistent due to individual psychological reasons. NDE is associated with clarity, peace, tranquility, a lack of fear of death whereas anesthesia dreams can be confusing and frightening as the patient feared waking up during the procedure.

NDE are consistent and happen to all ages, gender and across all cultures and race. Whereas anesthesia dreams seem to happen to certain groups such as young people and males.

dreams experienced under anesthesia can be distressing to patients, Patient characteristics that were associated with dreaming during anesthesia included younger age, male gender, Dreams experienced under anesthesia were similar to those during sleep
 
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stevevw

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You still haven't shown any evidence for that whatsoever. It could easily be some time after a general anaesthetic or some time after cardiac arrest or some time after the cerebral cortex flatlines.
I put this part seperate as the post was too long.

I am not saying there is knock down proof of NDE. Moreso that there is some interesting occurrances that warrant further investigation and should not be dismissed as unreal. If your after the specific scientific evidence (empirical) your not going to get it. LIke other experiences of consciousness in awakening hours this can only be explained and evidenced by the experiencer. So therefore a case has to be made by a number of lines of evidence including data and personal experiences.

I linked such an article which which explains that evidence. Heres are the lines of evidence.

Multiple lines of evidence point to the conclusion that near-death experiences are medically inexplicable and cannot be explained by known physical brain function. Many of the preceding lines of evidence would be remarkable if they were reported by a group of individuals during conscious experiences. However, NDErs are generally unconscious or clinically dead at the time of their experiences and should not have any lucid organized memories from their time of unconsciousness.

Results Suggesting the Reality of Near-Death Experiences

Line of Evidence #1 Lucid, organized experiences while unconscious, comatose, or clinically dead

Near-death experiences occur at a time when the person is so physically compromised that they are typically unconscious, comatose, or clinically dead. Considering NDEs from both a medical perspective and logically, it should not be possible for unconscious people to often report highly lucid experiences that are clear and logically structured. Most NDErs report supernormal consciousness at the time of their NDEs.
Line of Evidence #2 Seeing ongoing events from a location apart from the physical body while unconscious (out-of-body experience)
About 45% of near-death experiencers report OBEs which involves them seeing and often hearing ongoing earthly events from a perspective that is apart, and usually above, their physical bodies. Following cardiac arrest, NDErs may see, and later accurately describe, their own resuscitation.
The high percentage of accurate out-of-body observations during near-death experiences does not seem explainable by any possible physical brain function as it is currently known. This is corroborated by OBEs during NDEs that describe accurate observations while they were verifiably clinically comatose.12
Line of Evidence #3 Near-death experiences with vision in the blind and supernormal vision
There have been a few case reports of near-death experiences in the blind. The largest study of this was by Dr. Kenneth Ring.15 This investigation presented case reports of those born totally blind that described in NDEs that were highly visual with content consistent with typical NDEs.
Line of Evidence #4 Near-death experiences that occur while under general anesthesia
Under adequate general anesthesia it should not be possible to have a lucid organized memory. For the NDEs occurring under general anesthesia, 19 (83%) of the respondents answered, “More consciousness and alertness than normal,” to this question, compared to 437 (74%) for all other NDEs. The responses to this question by the two groups were not statistically significantly different. This suggests, remarkably, that the level of consciousness and alertness in NDEs is not modified by general anesthesia.
Line of Evidence #5 Near-death experiences and life reviews
The consistent accuracy of life reviews, including the awareness of long-forgotten events and awareness of the thoughts and feelings of others from past interactions, further suggests the reality of NDEs.
Line of Evidence #6 Encountering deceased loved ones in near-death experiences
In dreams or hallucinations when familiar persons are present they are much more likely to be living and from recent memory. 25 This is in sharp contrast to near-death experiencers where familiar persons encountered are almost always deceased. Further evidence that NDEs are not a result of expectation comes from the aforementioned Kelly study where in one-third of the cases the encountered deceased person had a poor or distant relationship with the NDEr, or was someone that had died before the NDEr was born. 23
Line of Evidence #7 Near-death experiences of young children
Very young children have near-death experience content that is strikingly similar to older children and adults. This is further evidence that NDEs are occurring independently of preexisting cultural beliefs, religious training, or awareness of the existence of NDE.
Line of Evidence #8 Cross-cultural study of near-death experiences
The lack of significant differences in the content of near-death experiences around the world, including NDEs from non-Western countries, suggests that NDE content is not substantially modified by preexisting cultural influences. Other common forms of altered consciousness, such as dreams or hallucinations, are much more likely to be significantly influenced by prior cultural beliefs and life experiences.
Line of Evidence #9 Near-death experience after effects
The consistency, intensity, and durability of NDE aftereffects is consistent with the NDErs’ typical personal assessments that their experiences were very meaningful and significant. It is remarkable that NDEs often occur during only minutes of unconsciousness, yet commonly result in substantial and life-long transformations of beliefs and value

It is informative to consider how near-death experiencers themselves view the reality of their experiences. An NDERF survey of 1122 NDErs asked “How do you currently view the reality of your experience?”,

Experience was definitely real 95.6%

Near-Death Experiences Evidence for Their Reality

So unlike dreams and hallucinations which are unclear and unreal NDE at least to the experiencers is real, so real that they say its more consciously real than everyday consciousness. So real that people reappraise their lives and have profound changes in themselves sometimes changing careers and becoming more moral.

We should not expect such a profound change from dreams or hallucinations which for the most part are unclear and unreal that people would be effected in such as way.

These lines of evidence would be astonishing even if experienced without near death. They are all consistent about certain experiences associated with death, meeting deceased loved ones, meeting angelic beings and some divine godlike being. These are usually not the conent of everyday dreams or normal medical situations that don't include NDE such as normal surgery and anesthesia.

It seems beyond coincidence that many people who are near death or have died and come back should have these specific experiences which seem to be about life after death and meeting others who died. We don't usually have such experiences in everyday life. At least no so clear and real.
 
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Bradskii

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So real that people reappraise their lives and have profound changes in themselves sometimes changing careers and becoming more moral.
Let me know how many follow up investigations you know that have checked this. I'd love to see some details.
 
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stevevw

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Let me know how many follow up investigations you know that have checked this. I'd love to see some details.
The link I provided to a site that specializes in gathering information on NDE. As personal experience is important in understanding this phenomena it primarily collects 1,000s of personal stories on NDE in many languages from around the world. Its been going sinces 1998 and has amassed a large amount of information.

Near Death Experience Research Foundation (NDERF, nderf.org) was established to conduct NDE research. There are 1,000's of NDEs posted on the NDERF website, which is by far the largest collection of publicly accessible NDE accounts in the world. So all the information you need is there. They investigate NDE'ers 2 and 8 years after the ir NDE and provide the findings.

Near Death Experience Research Foundation

Heres more on the after effects of NDE from the same article I linked earlier where followup reseach after NDE showed NDE'ers had more profound changes, in their view of life, fear of death, increased belief in the after life, greater meaning in life and more compassionate and loving towards others compared to others who had gone through similar experiences without a NDE. Many people were completely different compared to before their NDE.

Some of the best evidence for NDE-specific aftereffects came from the largest prospective NDE study ever reported. This study, conducted by Pim van Lommel, MD, divided survivors of cardiac arrest into a group that had NDEs, and a group that did not. 12 The aftereffects of both groups were assessed two and eight years after the cardiac arrests. The group of cardiac arrest survivors with NDEs were statistically more likely have a reduced fear of death, increased belief in life after death, interest in the meaning of life, acceptance of others, and were more loving and empathic. It may take years after NDEs for the aftereffects to become fully manifest.

The aftereffects may be so substantial that NDErs may seem to be very different people to their loved ones and family. The consistency, intensity, and durability of NDE aftereffects is consistent with the NDErs’ typical personal assessments that their experiences were very meaningful and significant. It is remarkable that NDEs often occur during only minutes of unconsciousness, yet commonly result in substantial and life-long transformations of beliefs and values.

Near-Death Experiences Evidence for Their Reality

Near-death experience in survivors of cardiac arrest: A prospective study in the Netherlands.
In a longitudinal study of life changes after NDE, we compared the groups 2 and 8 years later.

About the Continuity of our Consciousness
Nearly all people who have experienced an NDE lose their fear of death. This is due to the realization that there is a continuation of consciousness

Near-Death Experiencers’ Beliefs and Aftereffects: Problems for the Fischer and Mitchell-Yellin Naturalist Explanation
Among the phenomena of near-death experiences (NDEs) are what are known as aftereffects whereby, over time, experiencers undergo substantial, long-term life changes, becoming less fearful of death, more moral and spiritual, and more convinced that life has meaning and that an afterlife exists.Naturalist Thesis does not adequately explain NDEs or the vast array of their aftereffects, whereas the Afterlife Thesis is consistent with both the experience and its aftermath.
 
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Larniavc

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Heres more on the after effects of NDE from the same article I linked earlier where followup reseach after NDE showed NDE'ers had more profound changes, in their view of life, fear of death, increased belief in the after life, greater meaning in life and more compassionate and loving towards others compared to others who had gone through similar experiences without a NDE. Many people were completely different compared to before their NDE.
People who experience any kind of altered state generated by an abnormal stressor on the does that.
 
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