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This is true. However, this applies to the individual, not the nation.
Does it not?
Today the nation as a whole is better off with specialization. But, the individual is better off possessing a wide variety of skills so that he or she isn't a slave to the high priced specialists.
And is not a nation similarly better off? Should not a nation possess a wide variety of skills so that it isn't a slave, not only to "high priced specialists," but to the winds of change?
Consider: When we think about the Middle East, most people think about oil. An oversimplification, perhaps, but let's go with it. Now, being good at one thing is all well and nice... as long as that one thing is good for something. When technology makes oil obsolete (and it will eventually) what will they do then?
One Trick Pony knows one trick -- when is that ever a recipe for long-term success?
My oldest brother and his wife built their first home by themselves and never had a mortgage payment from that time forward. Later a heart attack took him out of the insurance business (doctors orders) and he recalled his building skills and started a remodeling business, specializing in water and fire damaged houses (using his past insurance connections). Some cultures insist that young men learn a trade before they do anything else. Good advice. Sadly our kids are unable to even work summer jobs anymore. They take out student loans and allow immigrants to have those jobs.
Thousands, perhaps millions, of out-of-work people have no marketable skills other than their life-long specialty. Many seek any job they can get, but employers take one look and judge them unfit or inappropriate for those jobs.[/QUOTE]
And is a city, state, or nation that overspecializes any better off?
Detroit used to be the automotive capital of the world... then the Japanese got better at it. Have you seen Detroit lately?
Is a nation, or even "culture," in any way wise to risk that happening on a larger scale? We should be seeking out what is different or unusual... not running from it.
Many don't understand what production physical work actually is. A friend and I, both meatcutters at the time, spent a weekend on his uncle-in-law's farm, where we baled hay and loaded it into a barn. When his uncle came to see how we had progressed he couldn't believe that two guys could do so much work in a single day. He walked back and forth, looking at the field, then the hay in the barn, then us, in amazement.
He confessed that early in his life he had determined that working with his hands would not provide him the lifestyle that he desired. He went on to found a very successful insurance company, and became quite wealthy. Successful as he was he was completely out of touch with physical production work, as are many such specialists who are currently unemployed.
And it's sad that our post-industrial society has discouraged the "jack-of-all-trades" thinking in exchange for more specialists...
You can even hear it in our language -- employees are no longer "employees," but "human resources." The man who only operates that one machine is no more special than the machine itself... and is every bit as replaceable.
I submit that what is true of economy (which is also true of biology, science, military, and government), is also true of culture. Overspecialization is a weakness waiting to be exploited.