As with "Mitochondrial Eve", the title of "Y-chromosomal Adam" is not permanently fixed to a single individual, but can advance over the course of human history as paternal lineages become extinct.
Estimates of the time when Y-MRCA lived have also shifted as modern knowledge of human ancestry changes. For example, in 2013, the discovery of a previously unknown
Y-chromosomal haplogroup was announced,
[1] which resulted in a slight adjustment of the estimated age of the human Y-MRCA.
[2]
By definition, it is not necessary that the Y-MRCA and the mt-MRCA should have lived at the same time.
[3] While estimates as of 2014 suggested the possibility that the two individuals may well have been roughly contemporaneous,
[4] the discovery of the archaic Y-haplogroup has pushed back the estimated age of the Y-MRCA beyond the most likely age of the mt-MRCA. As of 2015, estimates of the age of the Y-MRCA range around 200,000 to 300,000 years ago, roughly consistent with the emergence of
anatomically modern humans.
[5]
Y-chromosomal data taken from a
Neanderthal from
El Sidrón,
Spain, produced a Y-T-MRCA (time to Y-MRCA) of 588,000 years ago for Neanderthal and
Homo sapiens patrilineages, dubbed
ante Adam, and 275,000 years ago for Y-MRCA.
[6]