Archaeopteryx
Wanderer
I wonder where our self-proclaimed Christian philosopher has gone off to.
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"Pharaoh hardened his own heart."
I beg to differ:
“But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he was not willing to let them go.”
Exodus 10:27 NIV
Actually all throughout Pharaohs, exchanges with Moses the bible says it's the lord that hardens Pharaohs heart.
But sovereignty, omniscience and freewill are problematic in conjunction.
Say I choose to eat tacos for lunch, was that my choice?
The thing is given gods foreknowledge he knew I was going to eat the tacos and it was part of his providential plan, given his sovereignty.
But isnt a true choice a sovereign act?Yes. Absolutely.
God's sovereignty is clearly inclusive of what you choose and what your inclinations are.
But isnt a true choice a sovereign act?
If it doenst belong to you, then its not your choice.
Is there a suggestion here that God manipulates our environment somehow so as to present us with certain choices on which we can exercise our free will? (pardon me if I've grasped the wrong end of the stick).
Well, now youre reversing course and saying God's sovereignty doesnt include my free will. That my choice originates in me, and not in God.Remember that you have One Sovereign Infinite Creator over billions of little internally sovereign "little creators."
You are free to freely choose between options. (limited options which are available to you).
God's sovereignty to do want God wants to doesn't infringe on your self-generated freewill.
The choice belongs to you. You indeed have personal sovereignty with your freewill.
OK; so how is the line drawn?... If you are in authority over a small child... then it is NOT wrong to manipulate the child for "good" or their good behavior.
It is wrong to manipulate most everyone else.
OK; you seem to know a lot about God.God allows things which God hates. (sin or moral evil) That is why we make distinctions between the various "wills" of God and put modifiers in front of the English word "will" to address these different distinctions. God's Efficacious Will includes God's Permissive Will, His Desired Will, His Preceptive Will (what He commands), etc.
OK; so when God manipulates our environment so as to give us appropriate free choices (sounds like a stage magician allowing you to freely choose 'any card', no?), He can't do it by directly influencing other people (that would interfere with their free will), but presumably He could do it indirectly. However, directly or indirectly, He'd still have to make physical changes to your environment so that you were eventually presented with His preferred options. As many (most?) significant choices depend on, or are the result of, what other people do, I'm trying to visualise how that would work...God is "in" control of everything...but God does NOT control humans (like puppets) because humans are self-generating freewill cognitive beings who self-determine in the midst of limited circumstances.
Well, now youre reversing course and saying God's sovereignty doesnt include my free will. That my choice originates in me, and not in God.
OK; so how is the line drawn?
How big must the child be before such manipulation becomes wrong? Is it only while you are in legal authority over them? is their intellectual competence part of the judgement? Are there cases where it is right with adults?
OK; so when God manipulates our environment so as to give us appropriate free choices (sounds like a stage magician allowing you to freely choose 'any card', no?),
He can't do it by directly influencing other people (that would interfere with their free will),
but presumably He could do it indirectly.
However, directly or indirectly, He'd still have to make physical changes to your environment so that you were eventually presented with His preferred options. As many (most?) significant choices depend on, or are the result of, what other people do, I'm trying to visualise how that would work...
I read this as saying that human free choice (to coerce or abuse) can frustrate God's intent to manipulate circumstances to provide appropriate choice (but I have a feeling you'll disagree...)...NOT all the choices are "appropriate" because of circumstances of coercion OR abuse...
No, should I be? I can't make sense of that at all - could you paraphrase?so you're not seeing this as a system of freewill little creators all bumping into each other.
That's what I was saying (the semantics of 'choice' can be ambiguous) - God can't interfere with your acts of choice, although He can manipulate the options you have to choose from - yes?Says who? God can intervene and take away choices anytime God wants... it's God's universe. Of course God could influence through external circumstances but "freewill" is an internal ability that is self-generated.
But if God manipulates our environment so as to present us with certain choices, doesn't that make them His preferred options? - else why manipulate at all?I take issue with "His preferred options."
So while you agree that 'God manipulates our environment somehow so as to present us with certain choices on which we can exercise our free will', the very exercise of our free will means that those choices (options) may not be available?It's not always the case when evil external coercion is involved or abuse is involved. God allows things which God hates. Very important to understand the system of freewill that God has set up.
I read this as saying that human free choice (to coerce or abuse) can frustrate God's intent to manipulate circumstances to provide appropriate choice (but I have a feeling you'll disagree...)
No, should I be? I can't make sense of that at all - could you paraphrase?
No. First you have to see the complication. 1. There is a difference/distinction between "ability" and "potential" with God here that it seems like is being missed every time you say "God can't" in a sentence. God has all sorts of abilities which God freely chooses NOT to use. God can destroy the earth tomorrow with His "ability" but God chooses NOT TO so God has no potential to destroy the earth tomorrow. The earth is safe because God will not use His ability to do something that He "could do" but doesn't want to do. 2. God has the ability to interfere with every freewill decision...so the question is not one of "God can't" but rather one of "what God freely chooses to do?" There may be times when God DOES indeed "intervene" and change the outcome of the/a particular choice. Once again, "it's God's universe." Just because God gives us freewill and freewill is an internal ability... that doesn't mean that God can't on one day interfere with it. 3. God generally "does NOT" (rather than "can't") interfere with your internal freewill ability...but God DOES INDEED guide the sum total of all circumstances (even though there are details/specifics which God allows...but yet God is clearly opposed to and will judge).That's what I was saying (the semantics of 'choice' can be ambiguous) - God can't interfere with your acts of choice, although He can manipulate the options you have to choose from - yes?
But if God manipulates our environment so as to present us with certain choices, doesn't that make them His preferred options? - else why manipulate at all?
So while you agree that 'God manipulates our environment somehow so as to present us with certain choices on which we can exercise our free will', the very exercise of our free will means that those choices (options) may not be available?
I'm struggling to see how, in day-to-day practice, a universe in which God can do whatever He wants, but doesn't interfere with our decisions, and chooses to allow things He hates, would differ from a universe without God. Perhaps He might sneak the odd tweak in where our free choices haven't already influenced the situation?
I'm not assuming that; the reason I asked is because most options we have are the result of other's actions, so most are likely to be a result of a complex chain of free choices.Why do you assume that most situational choices are not the byproduct of the whole system?
OK, so the options we get aren't specific results of God's manipulation towards His ends (i.e. appropriate to His goals), but mostly the result of other freewill choices, yet somehow the whole system is guided by God.God guides and works-together-with the system as a whole for His glory... but freewill is present within the system so the concept of "provide appropriate choices" is the first flaw.
When I said God can't interfere with our freewill, I meant it in the context of the 'rules' of the system I've been told He has established; e.g. if He has decided to allow us to exercise freewill and suffer the consequences, He 'can't' then interfere with our free choices and be consistent with those rules. However, you've now clarified that these self-imposed 'rules' are more like guidelines, and He not only can, but does interfere with our free choices and their consequences. Which is interesting - I usually hear that our freewill is inviolate.... 1. There is a difference/distinction between "ability" and "potential" with God here that it seems like is being missed every time you say "God can't" in a sentence. God has all sorts of abilities which God freely chooses NOT to use. God can destroy the earth tomorrow with His "ability" but God chooses NOT TO so God has no potential to destroy the earth tomorrow. The earth is safe because God will not use His ability to do something that He "could do" but doesn't want to do. 2. God has the ability to interfere with every freewill decision...so the question is not one of "God can't" but rather one of "want God freely chooses to do?" There may be times when God DOES indeed "intervene" and change the outcome of the/a particular choice. Once again, "it's God's universe." Just because God gives us freewill and freewill is an internal ability... that doesn't mean that God can't on one day interfere with it. 3. God generally "does NOT" (rather than "can't") interfere with your internal freewill ability...but God DOES INDEED guide the sum total of all circumstances (even though there are details/specifics which God allows...but yet God is clearly opposed to and will judge).
OK; so God set it up at the beginning, and He keeps it going, with the odd tweak here and there to steer it roughly in the direction He wants?I'm still concerned with how you are understanding "God manipulates our environment." God controls the natural order. He has set these things up since the beginning. Key** "There is no such thing as natural evil." Natural evil is mislabeled to the wise Christian philosopher who understands that there is no such thing as an evil storm/tsunami or evil earthquake or evil tornado. So God setting up the natural order (ahead of time) is much more than just manipulating... God sustains it.
So would this be where He interferes with our freewill? if not, how does He restrain us from greater evil?... there are several things you are missing. God's restraint of evil (iow, we would be even worse)...
I'm still vague as to the means by which God 'guides' but doesn't 'control'. You suggested earlier that He does interfere, which suggests control...God is "in control" but when it comes to cognitive beings who are freewill agents God does not directly "control" but rather allows interaction with the rest of creation in a synergistic act which is multifaceted involving the whole natural order and all other freewill creatures you come in contact with....or are affected by.
I have no degree in philosophy.
I'm not assuming that; the reason I asked is because most options we have are the result of other's actions, so most are likely to be a result of a complex chain of free choices.
OK, so the options we get aren't specific results of God's manipulation towards His ends (i.e. appropriate to His goals), but mostly the result of other freewill choices, yet somehow the whole system is guided by God.
When I said God can't interfere with our freewill, I meant it in the context of the 'rules' of the system I've been told He has established; e.g. if He has decided to allow us to exercise freewill and suffer the consequences, He 'can't' then interfere with our free choices and be consistent with those rules.
However, you've now clarified that these self-imposed 'rules' are more like guidelines,
and He not only can, but does interfere with our free choices and their consequences. Which is interesting - I usually hear that our freewill is inviolate.
OK; so God set it up at the beginning, and He keeps it going, with the odd tweak here and there to steer it roughly in the direction He wants?
So would this be where He interferes with our freewill? if not, how does He restrain us from greater evil?
I'm still vague as to the means by which God 'guides' but doesn't 'control'. You suggested earlier that He does interfere, which suggests control...
He can't do it by directly influencing other people (that would interfere with their free will),
Says who? God can intervene and take away choices anytime God wants... it's God's universe. Of course God could influence through external circumstances but "freewill" is an internal ability that is self-generated.
God can do it any way in which God wants. The patterns that we see, however, is that God allows human freewill and its consequences.
OK - although you seemed quite happy with it earlier:I don't like your use of the English word "manipulation" here because manipulation rarely carries the connotation(s) of synergism...
Absolutely FrumiousBandersnatch.Is there a suggestion here that God manipulates our environment somehow so as to present us with certain choices on which we can exercise our free will?
I meant any intervention that would bias or otherwise influence free decision-making; this could be either indirect, such as causing a physical (e.g. warmth or chill, shudder or sweat) or emotional response when considering an option; or direct, such as hiding an available option from conscious awareness, or changing the assessed weighting of some consideration, or physically (or mentally) making the individual select a particular option and modifying their memory to correspond... the opportunities for an omnipotent entity are legion.What specifically do you mean by "interfere with" the internal ability that is already given to us by God?
It really depends on what you mean here by "interfere."
I can see that guiding the situation so that the available or apparent options are limited in some way might (arguably) be said not to be interfering with freewill, in as much as a free choice between those (limited or pre-selected) options can be made; but I'm now wondering at what point influencing someone's 'inclinations' becomes interference with their freewill. If God arranges it so that the individual feels, for example, a moment of revulsion when considering one option and/or a moment of happiness considering another (it could be done externally with fleeting aromas), such that their inclinations are strongly biased in favour of one option, that would seem to me like interference with freewill. But this seems like a complex area, with fine distinctions to be made; it would seem that there must be a limit to the degree of influence on the inclinations of an individual that approaches that of compatibilist freewill (choice free of coercion or constraint), at which point freewill becomes simply the feeling that a choice is made free of coercion or constraint, when, unknown to the individual, they are being influenced in the direction of one option or other.... what circumstances are allowed (or ordained) to influence someone's "inclinations" (wants) is completely different from God "interfering" with their freewill.
You say that, "God has all sorts of abilities through His omnipotence that God freely chooses NOT to use". This is what I mean by self-imposed rules & guidelines - He's free to do anything, but chooses to refrain from some actions - so He allows us to exercise our freewill rather than treat us as biological puppets, and so-on. If there wasn't some degree of consistency in this framework of what He chooses to do and what He chooses not to do, we wouldn't have much to talk about...Self-imposed rules? Guidelines? Please quote where I have implied any of this.
The extremely wealthy are generally better insulated from the consequences of poor decisions than the poorest; but I suppose one could say that anyone who avoids the consequences of a poor decision does it thanks to God - although one could say the same about anyone who suffers the consequences of a poor decision...Clearly God "saves some" from their consequences...
It's a fine line; internal ability is what enables one to identify options, and is honed by the experience of the consequences of choices.so we've lumped choices and consequences here together with internal ability.
Ah, OK; I thought, when you said, "There may be times when God DOES indeed "intervene" and change the outcome of the/a particular choice", and "God generally "does NOT" (rather than "can't") interfere with your internal freewill ability" (my bolding), that you were suggesting that, on occasion, He does.I know of no such interference off of the top of my head.
That sounds a pretty complex system of good and evil freewill agents... but if there is, as you say, "God's restraint of evil (iow, we would be even worse)", God must ensure the overall bias is away from evil - otherwise there would be no restraint. Perhaps by having more good agents than evil agents, or more powerful good agents than evil ones?Restraining us from greater evil here involves other freewill agents. Demons, fallen angels, spirit of anti-Christ, satan himself in some cases. We are involved in spiritual warfare that the world is blind to...so there are temptations galore and there are "rules" that these spiritual forces have to play by. Allowing them to tempt/influence you even more is "part of" God removing the restraint of evil. There are other factors also which can affect inclinations of a person making a decision. (Further complication: person's own sinful disposition and the influence of the world system (person's surrounding peers and educational environment) These can need to be restrained as well).
God-given but self-generated?Freewill is an internal ability which is self-generated.
He wouldn't need to remove internal ability to modify the values we place on the factors we assess when making a decision. But sure, God could change the outcome of any decision we make to whatever He wanted - and presumably we wouldn't know the difference between that and if He had done nothing at all. Indeed, it seems to me that, in general, this world appears to run as if God doesn't interfere in it at all...God doesn't need to remove internal ability in order to change the outcome of a decision, correct?