The
theory of biological Evolution is defined as
The theory of biological evolution may be reduced to one single fundamental principle, which is stated as –
The
fundamental Principle of Evolutionism is - The greater is essentially caused by the lesser.
The fundamental principle of evolutionism, may be derived from the above definitions of evolution. For evolution is defined as a process whereby evolution is defined as -
Where “cumulative inherited change in a population of organisms” assumes a chronologically prior starting population that has less biological forms than the final population. The chronologically prior starting population has less forms, and is then the lesser principle of the greater biological population. Or, stated in another way, the chronologically latter population has more biological forms and is therefore the end product of the evolutionary process, whereby the latter population has the greater forms.
Hence according to the theory of biological evolution, the population of less forms becomes the population of the greater forms. As the population with greater biological forms is caused by a biological cause called mutation, then the greater biological forms are essentially caused by a biological cause within the population of lesser biological forms. As the lesser population is a group of
biological forms, and the greater population is another, greater group of
biological forms, then the essential cause of the process from lesser to greater is a
biological mechanism, for what is of the essence of a cause (biology) is of the essence of both the lesser (biology) and the greater (biology).
Hence from the definition of biological evolution, the fundamental principle of reason which underlies the theory of biological evolution, is -
The greater is essentially caused by the lesser.
This principle is common to all theories of evolution which posit a greater from the lesser.
Thesis – To demonstrate that the fundamental principle of reason that undergirds the theory of evolution is false. Once demonstrated, several consequences of the falsity of evolutionary theory will be exposed. The fundamental principle of evolutionary theory will be reduced to that of a principle stated in terms of being. Then the statement made in terms of being will be demonstrated to be false. Once the principle is shown to be false, the principle of evolutionary theory is then shown to be false through implication.
Reduction of The Fundamental Principle of Evolutionism to That of Being.
In Defense of the Method Employed.
Any principle of reason may be reduced to a principle of being. For reason is being had in intellect in accord with the real. Therefore, if a principle is in accord with the real, then the principle in mind is sound and therefore true. If, however the principle had in mind is not in accord with the real, then the principle in mind is unsound and therefore false.
For example – the fact that ‘a tree is itself’ is a true statement concerning the reality of a tree. This example may be reduced to the statement of ‘the tree is the tree’. This statement is a reality which may be reduced to a principle of thought which is A (tree) is A (itself). In turn, the principle may be restated in terms of being as – act is act.
Or another example, the car is not the tree. The realities of car and tree in relation to each other may be reduced to that of A (car) is not B (tree). Or when reduced to terms of being, to the statement - act is not potency.
The above two examples show how the principles of thought are known to correspond to the real, when those principles are reduced to being. Hence the reduction of the fundamental principle of evolutionism to that of being is a valid method for attaining the truth value of the principle. Correspondingly, an example may also be given to show the reduction of a principle to the terms of being to show a false principle to be false. For example, as tree is not itself is purportedly a fact of the real. This purported fact is stated as a principle as A (tree) is not A (tree). This statement is further reduced to being, whereby 'being is not being'. As this statement is contradictory, then the purported fact and corresponding principle are also false.
Method Employed
Reduction of the Fundamental Principle of Evolutionism to that of a Principle of Being.
The fundamental principle of evolutionism which says the greater is essentially caused by the lesser, infers that which has more form (act) is caused by that which has less form (act). But cause (act) and form (act) are reducible to being (potency and act). Hence the fundamental principle of evolutionism may be restated in terms of being, which is –
That which has more being is caused by that which has less being.
Or restated
The fundamental principle of evolutionism is - Being in act (does be) is caused by being in potency (can be).
Or restated again in terms of the two fundamental modes of being, which are potency and act, defined as -
Act is ‘does be’.
Potency is ‘can be’.
The fundamental principle of evolutionism is - Potency actualises itself and is not actualised by another.
Demonstration of the Falsity of the Fundamental Principle of Evolutionism when Stated in Terms of Being.
The fundamental principle of evolutionism has been reduced to the fundamental principle in terms of being. As being is common to all things, then if a principle that is defined in terms of being is false, then the principle itself is false. And if the fundamental principle of Evolutionism is false, then because the principle is fundamental to biological evolution, then the theory of biological evolution is also false.
Argument Proposed
Principle Stated - Potency actualises itself and is not actualised by another.
But potency is ‘can be’ and act is ‘does be’.
But what ‘can be’ is from itself ‘can be’ and not ‘does be’.
For ‘can be’ is only a cause of change and limit of act**.
As change is not an act, and limit of an act is not an act, the ‘can be’ does not cause ‘does be’.
Therefore, potency does not from itself cause ‘does be’ (act).
Hence potency does not become an act from potency alone.
But potency becomes an act from a being other than potency, which is act.
Hence potency is actualised by another act and not from itself as potency.
And hence potency does not actualise itself.
And hence potency is then actualised by another.
Hence because the above two statements contradict the principle on line 1 above, the fundamental principle of evolutionism as stated in terms of being is false.
Hence consequently, the fundamental principle of evolutionism of the greater is essentially caused by the lesser is also false.
Hence all theories of evolution that use the fundamental principle of evolutionism are also false.
Hence the theory of biological evolution is false.
**Change is the potency to receive a new form. As change is a potency, then potency is the cause of change. Also, limit is the can be of an act. Hence potency is the cause of limit of an act. Note well – thorough arguments can be proposed to prove potency is the cause of both limit and of change. Some of those arguments may be proposed in the thread if required.
Some Consequences of the Falsity of Evolutionism
Evolution Based Science Theory is False All sciences theories that are derived from the principle of evolutionism are false. Consequently, theories such as the big bang, and biological evolution which require the greater to be caused by the lesser are false.
No Evidence in the Fossil Record for Evolution The claims of historical evidence for evolution in the fossil record is false. For no amount of apparent evidence within the fossil record can be used to support a false principle.
No Support for Evolutionary Theory from any other Science Furthermore, any science associated with evolutionary theory that purports to support the theory of biological evolution are also false. This does not mean the science itself is false. But only that the science cannot be used to support a false theory. Therefore, contrary to modern science claims, there is no science evidence in any science that supports evolutionary theory. For any true science cannot be used to support a false theory which is based upon a false principle.
Natural Selection and Mutations are an Inadequate Cause of Evolution Natural selection along with mutations are causes within biological evolutionary theory that do not act to cause the biological modifications as required by evolutionary theory. For natural selection and mutations, like any other cause, cannot be posted as a cause of a theory which is based upon a false principle. For no cause, or collection of causes can be evidence for a false principle within a theory. The inadequacy of natural selection within evolutionary theory does not mean natural selection is not real, but only that natural selection does not act to cause in accord with a false principle, as the theory of evolution proposes.
Evolution is Never Real, but only ever a Metaphor that Implies Design or Creation Every claim to a thing having evolved is only a metaphor or an error which actually means something else. For example, the company evolved means the company was developed by men. The tree evolved, means the tree was designed by a designer, or was created by a creator, or changed accidentally and not essentially (say in size).
No Experimental Evidence for Evolutionary Theory Any breeding experiments are not evidence for biological evolution. For no experiment can be evidence for a false principle, or a false theory.
The Common Ancestor Does Not Exist Any purported evidence within the biological sciences for a common ancestor is not evidence at all. For a common ancestor within the theory of evolution requires the use of the same, false principle exposed above. Typically, any biological evidence for a common ancestor is attained by implication by working backwards from the current biological evidence to a posited, past ancestor. However, by working backwards, the same false principle of evolutionism is used to arrive at a false conclusion of a common ancestor that in principle could not ever have existed. As the principle is false, then any purported evidence for a common ancestor is really evidence for another cause. Perhaps a design, or creation event, with a common designer/creator.
Evolutionism Based Worldviews are all False All worldviews associated with evolutionism may also be false. For example, pantheism says only natural causes have caused all biological life. As the evolutionary theory associated with biological life within pantheism is false, then positing only natural causes within the universe may also be false. Hence pantheism may also be false. In fact, from other arguments pantheism can be proven to be false. Such proofs correspond well with the proof of the falsity of the principle of evolutionary theory.
JM
