And yes, the police need to have much MORE guns, and more powerful ones (along with mandatory cams).
Agree on the mandatory cams, disagree on the more guns, and more powerful guns.
Studies in similarly wealthy/developed nations (Sweden, Norway, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the UK) have shown a couple of clear trends from the routine arming of police, and the change in the style of weapons used by police (to more "military" style weapons):
Greater civilian fatalities from police shootings
Greater police injuries & deaths from firearms accidents.
And that's about it.
Notably, police with firearms in these countries are no safer from harm from criminals than police who are not armed. There is even evidence that routinely arming police makes officers LESS safe. While this seems counter-intuitive, it comes down to the psychology and actions of armed vs non-armed police, and the way that police departments change their action/response policies for armed vs unarmed officers.
Also notable, there is no statistically significant difference in crime rates in areas where the police regularly carry firearms vs areas where the police are not regularly armed. Barring homicides, where rates are higher (but that may be a chicken and egg scenario).
US police arming policy - where most officers have both a high capacity semi-automatic pistol and quick access to a long arm (typically a semi-automatic rifle in a NATO standard caliber of 5.56 or 7.62) - is an aberration when compared to the rest of the developed world. That's because the level of firearms ownship and use in the US is also an aberration when compared to the rest of the world.
Human psychology being what it is, there's a assumption that if the criminals are armed, then a police force needs to be armed for its own protection. And if the police is more heavily armed than its opposition, it's safer still. Right up to the level where you get heads of emergency services publicly arguing for arming officers with 7.62X51 battle rifles (accurized M14s for instance) for dedicated marksman duties - at which point, I'm left wondering if they shouldn't just start arming officers with fragmentation grenades and flamethrowers and declare war on the general public too.
I think that the US is too far gone for even sensible, basic gun regulation to work. Recent legal interpretations of the 1st Amendment make it clear that bans on anything other than very specific categories of firearms aren't going to survive court challenges. A buyback is prohibitively expensive and political suicide. Same with an turn-in/amnesty at anything other than a local level.
The state of fear and division in the US is going to see gun ownership expand. After nearly 4 decades of falling levels of gun ownership, this trend reversed itself in the mid 2010s.
Given the trends (more guns, more violence, more mass shootings), what can be done to minimize the harm?