Was the Great Pyramid Built Before Noah's Flood?

[Daniel Marsh]

Yes, I am saying that the generations in the Septuagint version of Genesis 11 are longer than the Masoretic Hebrew.

"10And these are the generations of Shem; Shem was an hundred years old when he begat Arphaxad the second year after the flood.

11And Shem lived after he begat Arphaxad five hundred years, and begat sons and daughters, and he died.

12And Arphaxad lived an hundred five and thirty years, and begat Cainan.

13And Arphaxad lived after he begat Cainan four hundred years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died. And Cainan lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat Salah. And Cainan lived after he begat Salah three hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

14And Salah lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat Eber.

15And Salah lived after he begat Eber three hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

16And Eber lived an hundred thirty and four years, and begat Peleg.

17And Eber lived after he begat Peleg two hundred threescore and ten years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

18And Peleg lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat Reu.

19And Peleg lived after he begat Reu two hundred and nine years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

20And Reu lived an hundred thirty and two years, and begat Serug.

21And Reu lived after he begat Serug two hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

22And Serug lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat Nahor.

23And Serug lived after he begat Nahor two hundred years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

24And Nahor lived an hundred nine and seventy years, and begat Terah.

25And Nahor lived after he begat Terah an hundred twenty and five years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

26And Terah lived seventy years, and begat Abram and Nahor, and Haran."

Why is there a difference of 100 (or 50) years in the age of the patriarchs at their first sons' dates of birth between the LXX, SP and MT?

https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=icc_proceedings
Codex Sinaiticus - Home

 

[Daniel Marsh]

read to here

 

[mottorpop]

Good day everyone, I just joined and have not read all 10 previous pages on this thread so I hope I am not repeating something ... but from a geological standpoint: anything built before the flood is under thousands of feet of fossil laden sedimentary rock (with some exceptions for high mountain uplift), anything after the flood is on top of those layers ... and the pyramids are clearly on top of those layers, so they were built after the flood.

 

[Arctangent]

that does not prove anything, just begging the question

I'm not trying to "prove" anything per se. The claim was made that the Great Pyramid is a certain age, and the claim was made that "the Bible says" that the flood happened too recently for the Great Pyramid to have been built after the Flood. I am simply claiming that the Bible doesn't necessarily say that.

 

[Dale]

Yes, I am saying that the generations in the Septuagint version of Genesis 11 are longer than the Masoretic Hebrew.

"10And these are the generations of Shem; Shem was an hundred years old when he begat Arphaxad the second year after the flood.

11And Shem lived after he begat Arphaxad five hundred years, and begat sons and daughters, and he died.

12And Arphaxad lived an hundred five and thirty years, and begat Cainan.

13And Arphaxad lived after he begat Cainan four hundred years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died. And Cainan lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat Salah. And Cainan lived after he begat Salah three hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

14And Salah lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat Eber.

15And Salah lived after he begat Eber three hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

16And Eber lived an hundred thirty and four years, and begat Peleg.

17And Eber lived after he begat Peleg two hundred threescore and ten years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

18And Peleg lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat Reu.

19And Peleg lived after he begat Reu two hundred and nine years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

20And Reu lived an hundred thirty and two years, and begat Serug.

21And Reu lived after he begat Serug two hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

22And Serug lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat Nahor.

23And Serug lived after he begat Nahor two hundred years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

24And Nahor lived an hundred nine and seventy years, and begat Terah.

25And Nahor lived after he begat Terah an hundred twenty and five years, and begat sons and daughters; and he died.

26And Terah lived seventy years, and begat Abram and Nahor, and Haran."

Arctangent,

Why would we believe that the Septuagint is better than other translations? If it has longer genealogies, don’t you think that later translators had reasons for using shorter ones?

The Septuagint version of Genesis dates to the third century BC. Here are some quotes from the Wikipedia article on the Septuagint.

“The quality and style of the translators varied considerably from book to book, from a literal translation to paraphrasing to an interpretative style.”

“Several reasons have been given for the rejection of the Septuagint as scriptural by mainstream rabbinic Judaism since late antiquity. Differences between the Hebrew and the Greek were found.”

“It is unclear to what extent Alexandrian Jews accepted the authority of the Septuagint.”

“Several factors led most Jews to abandon the Septuagint around the second century CE.”

“Septuagint began to lose Jewish sanction after differences between it and contemporary Hebrew scriptures were discovered.”

“Jerome broke with church tradition, translating most of the Old Testament of his Vulgate from Hebrew rather than Greek.”


From these quotes we learn that the quality of translation in the Septuagint was uneven. Jews were ambivalent about it and finally abandoned it completely.

 

[Arctangent]

Earlier I wondered why you thought I was begging the question. It seems to me that you might be reading too much into my comments.

I am not a LXX-onlyist, nor do I believe that the LXX is free from error or should be the only thing a Christian reads. For example, if we were discussing the geneology in Genesis 5, I would argue in favor of the MT version over the LXX.

My only point about Genesis 11 and the Great Pyramid is that the standard dating of the Great Pyramid can still work with a post-flood construction, as "the Bible says so" is not quite as cut and dry as many make it out to be.

 

[Dale]

Earlier I wondered why you thought I was begging the question. It seems to me that you might be reading too much into my comments.

I am not a LXX-onlyist, nor do I believe that the LXX is free from error or should be the only thing a Christian reads. For example, if we were discussing the geneology in Genesis 5, I would argue in favor of the MT version over the LXX.

My only point about Genesis 11 and the Great Pyramid is that the standard dating of the Great Pyramid can still work with a post-flood construction, as "the Bible says so" is not quite as cut and dry as many make it out to be.

I don't see how 1100 years is long enough for population growth or the development of societies complex enough to build the Great Pyramid. Could the population grow from eight people to a hundred million in a thousand years? I don't see how. Could whole nations like Assyria, Babylon, Egypt, and China come into being? I don't see how. It's just a little harder to prove than it is with only 200-300 years.

 

[Ragdoll]

It is generally agreed that Abraham lived around 2,000 BC (or about 4,000 years ago). Archaeologists and historians tell us that the Great Pyramid of Egypt was built around 2,500 BC (or 4,500 years ago). So the Great Pyramid was about five hundred years old when Abraham came out of the city of Ur.

Creationists, or at least those who claim that the world is only six thousand years old, say that there are only 400 years between Noah's Flood and Abraham -- or even less, as we shall see. This is unworkable.

For instance, one website gives the following dates.*

Creation 4004 BC

Flood 2348 BC

Tower of Babel 2234 BC Only 114 years after the Flood????

Abraham 1996 BC Only 352 years after the Flood????



As you can see, this creationist date of 1996 BC for Abraham is very close to the generally accepted figure of around 2000 BC. Yet they claim that the Tower of Babel, an immense project requiring tens of thousands of workers, happened only a trifle over a hundred years after the Flood. These workers would have to be supported by millions of farmerthens or herders. Keep in mind that after the Flood, Genesis says there were only eight people in the world.

There is solid evidence that the Great Pyramid and others nearby were built around 2500 BC, about 500 years before Abraham. Creationist reckoning seems to put the Great Pyramid before the Flood.



*www.biblehistory.com/timeline

This video is almost 32 minutes and well worth the viewing. This video solves it and then some.

 

[Dale]

This video is almost 32 minutes and well worth the viewing. This video solves it and then some.

Ragdoll, hello. Welcome, since you seem to be new to CF, based on the number of your posts.

I don’t think much of the video you cited, made by Nathan Hoffman. The video claims to shift the timeline of Egyptian history to leave four hundred years between the Flood and the Great Pyramid.

Let me point out one glaring error in the video. After claiming a gap of 400 years from the Flood to the Great Pyramid, Hoffman says that there could easily be 1.2 million people in the world when the GP was built. That would make it plausible that 30,000 workers could be spared to build the Great Pyramid. Hoffman confuses the population of the world and the population of Egypt. If there are 1.2 million people in the world, only a small fraction of them would be in Egypt.

We know that civilization started in Sumer, Egypt, China and the Indus Valley at about the same time. There were people in Egypt but there were also people in Assyria, Babylon, India, Greece, Italy, Turkey, and there must have been tribes scattered over the world, including the Americas.

 

[Dale]

This video is almost 32 minutes and well worth the viewing. This video solves it and then some.

Although supposedly about the Great Pyramid and the Flood, the Nathan Hoffman video spends most of its length talking attacking the Masoretic Text. One place that Hoffman is sloppy with facts is when he says that modern Bibles, including the KJV, are based on the Masoretic Text. In fact, it is the Old Testament that is based on the Masoretic Text.

Hoffman plays a specious numbers game, using the works of Flavius Josephus as if they were a manuscript of the Bible. In this way, he claims to show that the Masoretic Text is in the minority on certain points. There are some problems here. Josephus lived in the Christian era, yet he was not a Christian. He also betrayed the Jewish people in conflict with the Roman Empire. His works hardly deserve to be given the status of a scriptural manuscript.

In essence, Hoffman appeals to an “early Hebrew” manuscript that we do not have. He claims that the Greek Septuagint is closer to this hypothetical manuscript, that can’t be examined, than the Masoretic Text.

I don’t claim to be an expert on scriptural manuscripts, but experts do not share this dim appraisal of the Masoretic Text.

“… most of the Qumran fragments can be classified as being closer to the Masoretic Text than to any other text group that has survived.”

The “Qumran fragments” here are the Dead Sea scrolls.

“ … a short Leviticus fragment recovered from the ancient En-Gedi Scroll, carbon-dated to the 3rd or 4th century CE, is completely identical to the consonantal Masoretic Text preserved today.”

Link
Masoretic Text - Wikipedia

 

[Ragdoll]

Although supposedly about the Great Pyramid and the Flood, the Nathan Hoffman video spends most of its length talking attacking the Masoretic Text. One place that Hoffman is sloppy with facts is when he says that modern Bibles, including the KJV, are based on the Masoretic Text. In fact, it is the Old Testament that is based on the Masoretic Text.

Hoffman plays a specious numbers game, using the works of Flavius Josephus as if they were a manuscript of the Bible. In this way, he claims to show that the Masoretic Text is in the minority on certain points. There are some problems here. Josephus lived in the Christian era, yet he was not a Christian. He also betrayed the Jewish people in conflict with the Roman Empire. His works hardly deserve to be given the status of a scriptural manuscript.

In essence, Hoffman appeals to an “early Hebrew” manuscript that we do not have. He claims that the Greek Septuagint is closer to this hypothetical manuscript, that can’t be examined, than the Masoretic Text.

I don’t claim to be an expert on scriptural manuscripts, but experts do not share this dim appraisal of the Masoretic Text.

“… most of the Qumran fragments can be classified as being closer to the Masoretic Text than to any other text group that has survived.”

The “Qumran fragments” here are the Dead Sea scrolls.

“ … a short Leviticus fragment recovered from the ancient En-Gedi Scroll, carbon-dated to the 3rd or 4th century CE, is completely identical to the consonantal Masoretic Text preserved today.”

Link
Masoretic Text - Wikipedia

And absolutely nothing you said here is true. The Dead Sea Scrolls agree more often with the LXX than they do the MT. Josephus' work of antiquity is a very valuable document. He quotes from the Bible and like Jesus and Apostles, quote more often from the LXX than the MT.

Everybody knows the MT is the Old Testament. Most of our English translations are translated from MT. So if you're wondering why the Biblical chronolgy doesn't make any sense, it because of the MT. And nobody is saying the LXX is perfect. It's not perfect. But it does do a better job reflecting on what the much older Hebrew manuscripts intended than the MT.

Wikipedia is not an authority of anything Bible. When you quote wikipedia to a Christian they might wonder about your intentions. All Christians reject wikipedia as a source of religious knowledge.

 

[Ragdoll]

Ragdoll, hello. Welcome, since you seem to be new to CF, based on the number of your posts.

I don’t think much of the video you cited, made by Nathan Hoffman. The video claims to shift the timeline of Egyptian history to leave four hundred years between the Flood and the Great Pyramid.

Let me point out one glaring error in the video. After claiming a gap of 400 years from the Flood to the Great Pyramid, Hoffman says that there could easily be 1.2 million people in the world when the GP was built. That would make it plausible that 30,000 workers could be spared to build the Great Pyramid. Hoffman confuses the population of the world and the population of Egypt. If there are 1.2 million people in the world, only a small fraction of them would be in Egypt.

We know that civilization started in Sumer, Egypt, China and the Indus Valley at about the same time. There were people in Egypt but there were also people in Assyria, Babylon, India, Greece, Italy, Turkey, and there must have been tribes scattered over the world, including the Americas.

All I can say is that I own every document mentioned in the video. I checked all information from the video and can verify that what is taught in the video is authentically true.

 

[Andrewn]

All I can say is that I own every document mentioned in the video. I checked all information from the video and can verify that what is taught in the video is authentically true.

I found the video to be valuable but I agree w/ @Dale regarding the shift the timeline of Egyptian history being unsubstantiated. Also, I think most manuscripts of Luke include Cainan and he is apparently mentioned in the book of Jubilee and Sefer ha-Yashar. Adding Cainan actually increases the gap between the Flood and the pyramids. But the gap remains too small to admit for the building of the latter.

Cainan - Wikipedia

 

[Dale]

And absolutely nothing you said here is true. The Dead Sea Scrolls agree more often with the LXX than they do the MT. Josephus' work of antiquity is a very valuable document. He quotes from the Bible and like Jesus and Apostles, quote more often from the LXX than the MT.

Everybody knows the MT is the Old Testament. Most of our English translations are translated from MT. So if you're wondering why the Biblical chronolgy doesn't make any sense, it because of the MT. And nobody is saying the LXX is perfect. It's not perfect. But it does do a better job reflecting on what the much older Hebrew manuscripts intended than the MT.

Wikipedia is not an authority of anything Bible. When you quote wikipedia to a Christian they might wonder about your intentions. All Christians reject wikipedia as a source of religious knowledge.

As I urged you when I went into Macedonia, stay there in
Ephesus so that you may command certain men not to teach
false doctrines any longer
nor to devote themselves to myths and endless genealogies.
These promote controversies rather than God’s work —
which is by faith.
I Timothy 1:3-4 NIV

But avoid foolish controversies and genealogies and
arguments and quarrels about the law, because these are
unprofitable and useless.
Titus 3:9 NIV


All of Nathan Hoffman’s claims are based on genealogies. Interestingly enough, he quotes these two passages, then claims to dispose of them by introducing a conspiracy theory. He says that Jewish rabbis and scribes were threatened by the Book of Hebrews, so they changed the OT genealogies. This is an incredible claim. It takes no account of the reverence given to the scripture by scribes and rabbis. Hoffman says this is what Paul is talking about when he puts down discussion of genealogies.

The notion that Paul would be replying to these conspirators is very unlikely. It seems to assume that Paul is the author of Hebrews. Traditionally, Paul was considered to be the author of Hebrews but to scholars, Hebrews is obviously written by someone who was a member of the Levite priesthood, who became a Christian. If any Jews were sufficiently aggravated by the Book of Hebrews to consider changing their own scripture, that could only have happened hundreds of years later. It might have happened at a time when Christians were more numerous and more powerful. When Paul was alive, Christians were few and they were undergoing massive persecution. Influential Jews wouldn’t have seen them as a threat. The timeline doesn’t work out.

It makes far more sense to believe that Paul meant exactly what he said when he warned against undue emphasis on genealogies in Timothy and Titus. Genealogies are not the most useful part of scripture. We cannot calculate the age of the earth using genealogies.

 

[Ragdoll]

As I urged you when I went into Macedonia, stay there in
Ephesus so that you may command certain men not to teach
false doctrines any longer
nor to devote themselves to myths and endless genealogies.
These promote controversies rather than God’s work —
which is by faith.
I Timothy 1:3-4 NIV

But avoid foolish controversies and genealogies and
arguments and quarrels about the law, because these are
unprofitable and useless.
Titus 3:9 NIV


All of Nathan Hoffman’s claims are based on genealogies. Interestingly enough, he quotes these two passages, then claims to dispose of them by introducing a conspiracy theory. He says that Jewish rabbis and scribes were threatened by the Book of Hebrews, so they changed the OT genealogies. This is an incredible claim. It takes no account of the reverence given to the scripture by scribes and rabbis. Hoffman says this is what Paul is talking about when he puts down discussion of genealogies.

The notion that Paul would be replying to these conspirators is very unlikely. It seems to assume that Paul is the author of Hebrews. Traditionally, Paul was considered to be the author of Hebrews but to scholars, Hebrews is obviously written by someone who was a member of the Levite priesthood, who became a Christian. If any Jews were sufficiently aggravated by the Book of Hebrews to consider changing their own scripture, that could only have happened hundreds of years later. It might have happened at a time when Christians were more numerous and more powerful. When Paul was alive, Christians were few and they were undergoing massive persecution. Influential Jews wouldn’t have seen them as a threat. The timeline doesn’t work out.

It makes far more sense to believe that Paul meant exactly what he said when he warned against undue emphasis on genealogies in Timothy and Titus. Genealogies are not the most useful part of scripture. We cannot calculate the age of the earth using genealogies.

The video explains why there was a warning against arguing over genealogies. Sometimes we need to dig deep in order to understand the reasons for certain warnings. People ask about things. There are answers out there.

 

[Ragdoll]

I found the video to be valuable but I agree w/ @Dale regarding the shift the timeline of Egyptian history being unsubstantiated. Also, I think most manuscripts of Luke include Cainan and he is apparently mentioned in the book of Jubilee and Sefer ha-Yashar. Adding Cainan actually increases the gap between the Flood and the pyramids. But the gap remains too small to admit for the building of the latter.

Cainan - Wikipedia

That extra Cainan does not appear in the earliest copies. I fact-checked the entire video as I own all the documents mentioned. I also agree the Egyptian timeline was inaccurate and the correction was just.

 

[yeshuasavedme]

I don't believe that Genesis says that God created only one large land mass at the beginning.

It does. He said let the waters under the heavens be gathered together into one place and the "dry" appear. He called the Dry "Earth" But it was not broken up at the flood.

God confounded the one mother tongue into 70, plus the mother, methinks, which caused the scattering out of the 70 tribes descended from Noah, and as the tribes scattered, the tongues kept branching and leafing out to the more than 6,000 of today.
God also cut off -cut short, the years of m an from that time of the confounding of the tongues. Abraham was 39 years old when the tower was destroyed and Shem outlived Abraham.
Noah died when Abraham was 58 years old, and Esau killed Nimrod when Nimrod was 215 and Esau was 16.
The history book of the patriachs called the book of the Upright (Book of Jasher -the real one, not false ones) gives complete chronology from creation to the time of Joshua's taking of the promised land.
The Real Book of Jasher?

 

[Dale]

And absolutely nothing you said here is true. The Dead Sea Scrolls agree more often with the LXX than they do the MT. Josephus' work of antiquity is a very valuable document. He quotes from the Bible and like Jesus and Apostles, quote more often from the LXX than the MT.

Everybody knows the MT is the Old Testament. Most of our English translations are translated from MT. So if you're wondering why the Biblical chronolgy doesn't make any sense, it because of the MT. And nobody is saying the LXX is perfect. It's not perfect. But it does do a better job reflecting on what the much older Hebrew manuscripts intended than the MT.

Wikipedia is not an authority of anything Bible. When you quote wikipedia to a Christian they might wonder about your intentions. All Christians reject wikipedia as a source of religious knowledge.

“The Dead Sea Scrolls agree more often with the LXX than they do the MT.”

I presented evidence to the contrary and provided a link to the source. You aren’t providing a source.



“Josephus' work of antiquity is a very valuable document. He quotes from the Bible and like Jesus and Apostles, quote more often from the LXX than the MT.”

We don’t know which manuscript Jesus quoted. All we know is what manuscript was used by the later writers who gave us the Gospels.

While the works of Josephus have some value, to treat them as a manuscript of the OT, as Nathan Hoffman does, is absurd and dishonest.

 

[Dale]

And absolutely nothing you said here is true. The Dead Sea Scrolls agree more often with the LXX than they do the MT. Josephus' work of antiquity is a very valuable document. He quotes from the Bible and like Jesus and Apostles, quote more often from the LXX than the MT.

Everybody knows the MT is the Old Testament. Most of our English translations are translated from MT. So if you're wondering why the Biblical chronolgy doesn't make any sense, it because of the MT. And nobody is saying the LXX is perfect. It's not perfect. But it does do a better job reflecting on what the much older Hebrew manuscripts intended than the MT.

Wikipedia is not an authority of anything Bible. When you quote wikipedia to a Christian they might wonder about your intentions. All Christians reject wikipedia as a source of religious knowledge.

Here is what the Enclcopedia Britannica says about the Masoretic Text.

Masoretic Text, Encyclopedia Britannica article, from disk, 2009

Quote

(from Hebrew masoreth, “tradition”), traditional Hebrew text of the Jewish Bible, meticulously assembled and codified, and supplied with diacritical marks to enable correct pronunciation. This monumental work was begun around the 6th century AD and completed in the 10th by scholars at Talmudic academies in Babylonia and Palestine, in an effort to reproduce, as far as possible, the original text of the Hebrew Old Testament. Their intention was not to interpret the meaning of the Scriptures but to transmit to future generations the authentic Word of God. To this end they gathered manuscripts and whatever oral traditions were available to them.

The Masoretic text that resulted from their work shows that every word and every letter was checked with care. In Hebrew or Aramaic, they called attention to strange spellings and unusual grammar and noted discrepancies in various texts. Since texts traditionally omitted vowels in writing, the Masoretes introduced vowel signs to guarantee correct pronunciation. Among the various systems of vocalization that were invented, the one fashioned in the city of Tiberias, Galilee, eventually gained ascendancy. In addition, signs for stress and pause were added to the text to facilitate public reading of the Scriptures in the synagogue.

When the final codification of each section was complete, the Masoretes not only counted and noted down the total number of verses, words, and letters in the text but further indicated which verse, which word, and which letter marked the centre of the text. In this way any future emendation could be detected. The rigorous care given the Masoretic text in its preparation is credited for the remarkable consistency found in Old Testament Hebrew texts since that time. The Masoretic work enjoyed an absolute monopoly for 600 years, and experts have been astonished at the fidelity of the earliest printed version (late 15th century) to the earliest surviving codices (late 9th century). The Masoretic text is universally accepted as the authentic Hebrew Bible.


End Quote

 

[Ragdoll]

Here is what the Enclcopedia Britannica says about the Masoretic Text.

Masoretic Text, Encyclopedia Britannica article, from disk, 2009

Quote

(from Hebrew masoreth, “tradition”), traditional Hebrew text of the Jewish Bible, meticulously assembled and codified, and supplied with diacritical marks to enable correct pronunciation. This monumental work was begun around the 6th century AD and completed in the 10th by scholars at Talmudic academies in Babylonia and Palestine, in an effort to reproduce, as far as possible, the original text of the Hebrew Old Testament. Their intention was not to interpret the meaning of the Scriptures but to transmit to future generations the authentic Word of God. To this end they gathered manuscripts and whatever oral traditions were available to them.

The Masoretic text that resulted from their work shows that every word and every letter was checked with care. In Hebrew or Aramaic, they called attention to strange spellings and unusual grammar and noted discrepancies in various texts. Since texts traditionally omitted vowels in writing, the Masoretes introduced vowel signs to guarantee correct pronunciation. Among the various systems of vocalization that were invented, the one fashioned in the city of Tiberias, Galilee, eventually gained ascendancy. In addition, signs for stress and pause were added to the text to facilitate public reading of the Scriptures in the synagogue.

When the final codification of each section was complete, the Masoretes not only counted and noted down the total number of verses, words, and letters in the text but further indicated which verse, which word, and which letter marked the centre of the text. In this way any future emendation could be detected. The rigorous care given the Masoretic text in its preparation is credited for the remarkable consistency found in Old Testament Hebrew texts since that time. The Masoretic work enjoyed an absolute monopoly for 600 years, and experts have been astonished at the fidelity of the earliest printed version (late 15th century) to the earliest surviving codices (late 9th century). The Masoretic text is universally accepted as the authentic Hebrew Bible.


End Quote

The MT is an 11th century manuscript. The LXX is much older and more reliable, overall.