I looked it up, apparently the debate was actually set off by the Synod of Dort....among Reformed divines in the 1620s and 30s.
I have never heard of this "Synod of Dort" so I researched it myself. The dates I found differed from yours. I found that it was convened in the year of 1618 at the port city of Dordrecht, the Netherlands, and consisted of a number of Puritan delegates from Great Britain, many of whom had been ousted from their posts at Cambridge by Charles I and William Laud, and was dismissed in May of 1619.
It's connected,at least in reformed theology, with the perseverance of the saints.
Probably why we see some differences among the denominations that Wesley started as he was not OSAS like the Calvinists.
My research showed what happened at this Synod was called to deal with a problem that had precipitated in the Dutch church, a problem that started back with Jacobus Arminius. (b.1560; d.1609) His followers pooled together his teachings and wrote up a document called “The Remonstrance.” They were objecting against five teachings of John Calvin on the doctrines of grace. Those being the Doctrine of election, Atonement, Total depravity, Irresistible grace, and Perseverance of the saints. Nowhere in my research of this Synod, did I see the subject of Baptism.
So renniks, one would think, out of the relatively brief existence of Protestantism in the two thousand plus years of Christianity, there would be some sort of writings, documentation or teachings of when, who, and how any one of the many splinter churches/sects of Protestantism decided what the early reformation fathers believed (along with the many Protestant denominations today) about baptism was/is in error, and what you believe today is not. That being, the non-belief water baptism's saves anyone, and the idea that water baptisms saves, and surely leads a lot of people to hell.
The questions remain, when was this decision made? Who or what made this decision? How was this decision was made, and by what authority?
It's a natural progression from understanding that salvation doesn't depend on our works, like Catholics still tend to believe.
Again renniks, irrelevant, off topic, and most importantly, incorrect. Start a thread on this topic, and I would be more than happy to correct your inaccuracies regarding the Catholic Church's beliefs.
Have a Blessed Day!