There were prophets in the Old Testament, but did their form and function change in the NT?
In the OT - the Spirit of God came about the King, Priest and Prophet with the Prophet functioning for the most part as a guide.
In the NT the Spirit of God comes on every believer. For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the Sons of God.
Case in point, there is not one instance of a person being led by a Prophet in the NT.
So staying with the NT - describe the 'office' of a Prophet.
Prophet Definition and Meaning - Bible Dictionary
Bible Dictionaries - Easton's Bible Dictionary - Prophet
Prophet
(Heb. nabi, from a root meaning "to bubble forth, as from a fountain," hence "to utter", Compare
Psalms 45:1 ). This Hebrew word is the first and the most generally used for a prophet. In the time of Samuel another word,
ro'eh , "seer", began to be used (
1 Samuel 9:9 ). It occurs seven times in reference to Samuel. Afterwards another word,
hozeh , "seer" (
2 Samuel 24:11 ), was employed. In
1 Chronicles 29:29 all these three words are used: "Samuel the seer (ro'eh), Nathan the prophet (nabi'), Gad the seer" (hozeh). In Josh 13:22Balaam is called (Heb.) a
kosem "diviner," a word used only of a false prophet.
The "prophet" proclaimed the message given to him, as the "seer" beheld the vision of God. (See
Numbers 12:6 Numbers 12:8 .) Thus a prophet was a spokesman for God; he spake in God's name and by his authority (
Exodus 7:1 ). He is the mouth by which God speaks to men (
Jeremiah 1:9 ;
Isaiah 51:16 ), and hence what the prophet says is not of man but of God (
2 Peter 1:20 2 Peter 1:21 ; Compare
Hebrews 3:7 ;
Acts 4:25 ;
28:25 ). Prophets were the immediate organs of God for the communication of his mind and will to men (
Deuteronomy 18:18 Deuteronomy 18:19 ). The whole Word of God may in this general sense be spoken of as prophetic, inasmuch as it was written by men who received the revelation they communicated from God, no matter what its nature might be. The foretelling of future events was not a necessary but only an incidental part of the prophetic office. The great task assigned to the prophets whom God raised up among the people was "to correct moral and religious abuses, to proclaim the great moral and religious truths which are connected with the character of God, and which lie at the foundation of his government."
Any one being a spokesman for God to man might thus be called a prophet. Thus Enoch, Abraham, and the patriarchs, as bearers of God's message (
Genesis 20:7 ;
Exodus 7:1 ;
Psalms 105:15 ), as also Moses (
Deuteronomy 18:15 ;
34:10 ;
Hosea 12:13 ), are ranked among the prophets. The seventy elders of Israel (
Numbers 11:16-29 ), "when the spirit rested upon them, prophesied;" Asaph and Jeduthun "prophesied with a harp" (
1 Chronicles 25:3 ). Miriam and Deborah were prophetesses (
Exodus 15:20 ;
Judges 4:4 ). The title thus has a general application to all who have messages from God to men.
But while the prophetic gift was thus exercised from the beginning, the prophetical order as such began with Samuel. Colleges, "schools of the prophets", were instituted for the training of prophets, who were constituted, a distinct order (
1 Samuel 19:18-24 ;
2 Kings
1 Samuel 2:3 1 Samuel 2:15 ; 4:38 ), which continued to the close of the Old Testament. Such "schools" were established at Ramah, Bethel, Gilgal, Gibeah, and Jericho. The "sons" or "disciples" of the prophets were young men (
2 Kings 5:22 ;
2 Kings 9:1 2 Kings 9:4 ) who lived together at these different "schools" (
4:38-41 ). These young men were taught not only the rudiments of secular knowledge, but they were brought up to exercise the office of prophet, "to preach pure morality and the heart-felt worship of Jehovah, and to act along and co-ordinately with the priesthood and monarchy in guiding the state aright and checking all attempts at illegality and tyranny."
In New Testament times the prophetical office was continued. Our Lord is frequently spoken of as a prophet (
Luke 13:33 ;
24:19 ). He was and is the great Prophet of the Church. There was also in the Church a distinct order of prophets (
1 Corinthians 12:28 ;
Ephesians 2:20 ;
3:5 ), who made new revelations from God. They differed from the "teacher," whose office it was to impart truths already revealed.
