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pgp_protector

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1) If I'm correct Radio waves, Microwaves, Visible Light, X Rays, Gamma rays are all part of the EM Spectrum
2) The only thing that is different is The Frequency Correct ?

If So, And given that Light is carried by Photons, is the entire EM Spectrum carried by Photons ?
If Not, where do Photons start & stop being carriers for the EM Spectrum?
 
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Wiccan_Child

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Question

1) If I'm correct Radio waves, Microwaves, Visible Light, X Rays, Gamma rays are all part of the EM Spectrum
2) The only thing that is different is The Frequency Correct ?

If So, And given that Light is carried by Photons, is the entire EM Spectrum carried by Photons ?
If Not, where do Photons start & stop being carriers for the EM Spectrum?
Nope, you're bang on, it's photons all the way. Because they move at a constant speed, they are defined by only one parameter. So, if you know its energy, you can work out its momentum, wavelength, frequency, etc. Typically, we talk about a photon's wavelength, rather than anything else.

So, yeah, the EM spectrum is made up of photons of different wavelength. Visible red light is about 700nm, while radio waves are a metre to a whole mile long.

Wikipedia has a fancy .svg image of the spectrum, along with objects that are about the size of one wavelength (e.g., humans are about a radiowave tall), and the temperature an object needs to be at to give off that wavelength of light (a very simplistic model, mind you).
 
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SimplyNothing

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The vacuum, such that it is, exists anywhere that something else does not. That said, even in the deepest reaches of space, there's a very low-density plasma permeating through.

See I knew this, but the reason I continued to wonder regardless is because even these particles that pop into and out of existence are comprised mostly of empty space.

The empty space between an atom's nucleus and it's 'electron cloud' comprises more of the atom than the nucleus or electron itself (proportionally.)

An atom is 99.999% empty space.

Almost certainly. The results of COBE show thermal fluctuations in space, which I believe are a result of quantum fluctuations when the universe was a wee nipper:

That's so cool.
 
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Michael

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Who said anything about exotic matter?

About half the papers on Arxiv. Most of them rely on hypothetical properties of hypothetical SUSY particles.

Astronomers may posit that dark matter is exotic, but, aside from public misunderstanding, no one claims that it actually is exotic. All we know is that it's there, and that it's dark.

It's there, but what makes it "dark"? Our technology is simply primate. So what? We can't even count stars in a distant galaxy, we "estimate" them. Evidently galaxies are at least twice as bright as we first thought and contain four times as many stars as we once thought.

Astronomers find that Universe shines twice as bright | SpaceRef - Your Space Reference

SpaceInfo News &#8212 There are more stars than previously thought

We simply blew our mass estimation techniques and it's only "dark" to us because our technology is so limited. There's no evidence any of that missing mass is related to SUSY theory.

Nonetheless, it remains a possibility. In the 17[sup]th[/sup] century, there was no need for quantum theory, either.

Anything and everything is "possible". Empirical physics is about what is physically demonstrated to exist. What consumer product runs on DE, inflation, 'expanding space', or SUSY theory?

Primitive compared to whom?

Primitive in terms of distance, not "whom". While our technologies are "better than" they've been in the past, we can't even actually count individual stars in a distant galaxy, let alone see planets.

But in any case, we go where the evidence leads us. If future experiments prove that our current observations are flawed, then so be it.

You can't even cite a single lab experiment where 'dark energy' or inflation moved a single atom. If you can't cause a couple of atoms to expand, what makes you think it's going to make a whole universe go "bang"? You're theory is flawed IMO because it was never empirically verified and it is based up on three forms of metaphysics, most of which cannot ever be tested. Something like 72% of the universe is made of of "dark energy" according to Lambda-CDM theory but not one astronomer on Earth can tell us where it comes from.

But don't you think it's a little presumptuous to dismiss current data just because a) you don't like the conclusions, and b) there is a margin of error?

I don't actually dismiss the "data', just the interpretation of that data. It's certainly possible the universe is expanding and accelerating, but there is no possibility that "faerie energy" had anything to do with either of these observations. A label and two bit math formula is not an empirical substitute for a real test with real control mechanisms. If DE can't cause two atoms to expand in a lab, I have no confidence it's going to accelerate a whole universe of atoms.

A minute ago you said it was experimental error. Now you're saying it's a slip in the mathematics. Which?

Hmm? There are no experiments with actual control mechanisms that demonstrate the existence of inflation, de or dm.

We know the mass is there, how much is there, and where it is.

OK.

We know that light can travel through it.

Ok.

We know that light isn't emitted from it.

Ok.

What did I assume, exactly?

Every single mass estimation technique related to counting stars and such in a galaxy are littered with "assumptions" that hare since been shown to be false. Read the two articles I just cited.

FYI, all I know about you is what you've listed for yourself here. There's conflict between your material. It's not my fault. :)

There is absolutely no evidence for God (prove me wrong), yet there is evidence for dark matter.

Please define exactly what you are using as a standard for providing evidence of "dark energy", "inflation" and "dark matter" and I'll be happy to provide you with plenty of evidence of God.

No one puts their faith in either: we follow the evidence and the logic.

No evidence lead us to "dark energy" or "inflation". Inflation is something Guth created in his personal imagination. It fails the "Dark flow" test too.

It's amusing that you chastise us for putting our 'faith' in a scientific theory, yet you yourself are Christian! Hypocrisy is an ugly colour, Michael.

Not all. I recognize my "Christian faith" as an act of faith on my part. I don't try to teach it in school as "science". I don't stuff metaphysics down your child's throat in school. The only hypocrisy is claiming that an act of faith in dark energy and inflation and dark matter is a form of "science' and claiming there is no evidence of God.

IMO, God is the universe. There is plenty of evidence that the universe exists. Whether or not you will accept the evidence of God is up to you of course, but there is certainly evidence of God's existence to be found in nature, starting with the effect God has on human beings past present and future.
 
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Wiccan_Child

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See I knew this, but the reason I continued to wonder regardless is because even these particles that pop into and out of existence are comprised mostly of empty space.
Actually, these virtual particles are (to our knowledge) point-like. They aren't comprised of anything, but then again, neither do they take up any volume.

The empty space between an atom's nucleus and it's 'electron cloud' comprises more of the atom than the nucleus or electron itself (proportionally.)

An atom is 99.999% empty space.
That's not entirely accurate. Quantum mechanically, an atoms constituent particles are all probability clouds that exist over all space. These clouds only have any real substance where we humans designate the 'atom' to be. That is, an electron could be (almost) anywhere in an atom, but it's vanishingly improbable that it's outside.

So to say it's mostly empty space presupposes that there is a clear idea of what 'empty space' means in these peculiar circumstances.

Then again, there is an obvious nucleus, and electrons are in shells (of sorts). So maybe...
 
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AV1611VET

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You have a two-slice toaster that toasts one side of bread at a time.

Duration: 30 seconds.

What's the shortest amount of time one would need to toast three slices of bread on both sides?

And how is it done?
 
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SimplyNothing

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That's not entirely accurate. Quantum mechanically, an atoms constituent particles are all probability clouds that exist over all space. These clouds only have any real substance where we humans designate the 'atom' to be. That is, an electron could be (almost) anywhere in an atom, but it's vanishingly improbable that it's outside.

I'm familiar with this. This line of thinking leads to the phenomena of tunneling (proven true by the sun actually. :D )
 
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Wiccan_Child

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You have a two-slice toaster that toasts one side of bread at a time.

Duration: 30 seconds.

What's the shortest amount of time one would need to toast three slices of bread on both sides?

And how is it done?
What's a two-slice toaster? :scratch:

I'm familiar with this. This line of thinking leads to the phenomena of tunneling (proven true by the sun actually. :D )
It makes the Sun about 100 times hotter, so it's pretty damn useful ^_^.
 
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AV1611VET

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What's a two-slice toaster? :scratch:

images
 
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LifeToTheFullest!

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You have a two-slice toaster that toasts one side of bread at a time.

Duration: 30 seconds.

What's the shortest amount of time one would need to toast three slices of bread on both sides?

And how is it done?
120 seconds

2 sides x 30s = 30s
2 sides x 30s = 30s
1 side x 60 s = 60s

Total = 120s
 
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3sigma

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You have a two-slice toaster that toasts one side of bread at a time.

Duration: 30 seconds.

What's the shortest amount of time one would need to toast three slices of bread on both sides?

And how is it done?
90 seconds.

Step 1: Toast one side of two slices – two sides done – 30 seconds.
Step 2: Turn one slice over and replace the other with the third slice – four sides done – 60 seconds.
Step 3: Turn the third slice over and replace the first slice with the second slice, untoasted side exposed to the element – six sides done – 90 seconds.
 
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AV1611VET

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90 seconds.

Step 1: Toast one side of two slices – two sides done – 30 seconds.
Step 2: Turn one slice over and replace the other with the third slice – four sides done – 60 seconds.
Step 3: Turn the third slice over and replace the first slice with the second slice, untoasted side exposed to the element – six sides done – 90 seconds.
:thumbsup:
 
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LifeToTheFullest!

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90 seconds.

Step 1: Toast one side of two slices – two sides done – 30 seconds.
Step 2: Turn one slice over and replace the other with the third slice – four sides done – 60 seconds.
Step 3: Turn the third slice over and replace the first slice with the second slice, untoasted side exposed to the element – six sides done – 90 seconds.
Nicely done. :thumbsup:
 
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Wiccan_Child

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About half the papers on Arxiv. Most of them rely on hypothetical properties of hypothetical SUSY particles.
Nonetheless, there is hardly a consensus that dark matter is exotic.

It's there, but what makes it "dark"?
No one knows.

Our technology is simply primate. So what? We can't even count stars in a distant galaxy, we "estimate" them. Evidently galaxies are at least twice as bright as we first thought and contain four times as many stars as we once thought.

Astronomers find that Universe shines twice as bright | SpaceRef - Your Space Reference

SpaceInfo News &#8212 There are more stars than previously thought
Science advances, as always. The same astronomers you decry are the ones providing new evidence. Like I said, if this new evidence invalidates the dark matter hypothesis, then so be it.

We simply blew our mass estimation techniques and it's only "dark" to us because our technology is so limited.
So you keep saying, but it is presumptuous to preclude any use our modern techniques can bring us. We simply do not know what future humans will discover. They could discover that dark matter doesn't exist, or they could discover that it absolutely does exist.

There's no evidence any of that missing mass is related to SUSY theory.
SUSY is a theory, it attempts to explain the evidence.

Anything and everything is "possible". Empirical physics is about what is physically demonstrated to exist. What consumer product runs on DE, inflation, 'expanding space', or SUSY theory?
Since when is that a hallmark of truth?

Primitive in terms of distance, not "whom". While our technologies are "better than" they've been in the past, we can't even actually count individual stars in a distant galaxy, let alone see planets.
Without an objective standard your assessment is purely subjective and, thus, irrelevant.

You can't even cite a single lab experiment where 'dark energy' or inflation moved a single atom.
Correct. Your point?

If you can't cause a couple of atoms to expand, what makes you think it's going to make a whole universe go "bang"?
The evidence.

You're theory is flawed IMO because it was never empirically verified
I accept that, in your opinion, it is unsupported by the evidence, but I disagree with that assessment.

and it is based up on three forms of metaphysics, most of which cannot ever be tested. Something like 72% of the universe is made of of "dark energy" according to Lambda-CDM theory but not one astronomer on Earth can tell us where it comes from.
Nor does the theory of evolution tell us where the universal common ancestor came from. It infers its existence from the evidence, but it's another theory entirely that explains its origin.

I don't actually dismiss the "data', just the interpretation of that data. It's certainly possible the universe is expanding and accelerating, but there is no possibility that "faerie energy" had anything to do with either of these observations. A label and two bit math formula is not an empirical substitute for a real test with real control mechanisms.

If DE can't cause two atoms to expand in a lab, I have no confidence it's going to accelerate a whole universe of atoms.
Then you have a very strange view of science. If we can't recreate the abiogenesis event, then it never happened! If we can't recreate energy-efficient fusion in the lab, then it can't happen in the stars either!

Hmm? There are no experiments with actual control mechanisms that demonstrate the existence of inflation, de or dm.
Nonetheless, there is ample evidence to infer their existences.

Every single mass estimation technique related to counting stars and such in a galaxy are littered with "assumptions" that hare since been shown to be false. Read the two articles I just cited.
That hardly invalidates the entire theory. Our methods of measuring the ages of things has been refined over the years, but that hardly changes the fact that they are old. So stars have four times as many stars in them. So what? That's not even an order of magnitude.

Not all. I recognize my "Christian faith" as an act of faith on my part. I don't try to teach it in school as "science". I don't stuff metaphysics down your child's throat in school. The only hypocrisy is claiming that an act of faith in dark energy and inflation and dark matter is a form of "science' and claiming there is no evidence of God.
That's a matter of opinion, it seems. I see evidence of dark matter, but you don't. You see evidence of God, but I don't.

IMO, God is the universe. There is plenty of evidence that the universe exists. Whether or not you will accept the evidence of God is up to you of course, but there is certainly evidence of God's existence to be found in nature, starting with the effect God has on human beings past present and future.
Such as? I don't doubt that belief in God has affected humans, mind.
 
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Wiccan_Child

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When the frequency of the spectrum of light changes, does it ever get so stretched out one end so that it becomes a flat line, or so squashed together the other end that it bacomes a solid block? If so, what would happen?
spectrum.gif
No, it can't become absolutely flat, since that requires it to be stretched by an infinite amount. It's mathematically odd, and physically impossible. If it could happen, I guess you'd have either photons with no energy, or photons with an infinite amount of energy. Spooky.
 
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Cabal

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When the frequency of the spectrum of light changes, does it ever get so stretched out one end so that it becomes a flat line, or so squashed together the other end that it bacomes a solid block? If so, what would happen?
spectrum.gif

Well, frequency is directly related to energy. For it to go to increasingly higher frequencies would require an increasingly higher energy source.

Conversely, for the lower frequency photons you'd be hard pressed to have them be able to interact with anything to a degree that you could really tell what they're doing.
 
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