There seems to be some confusion here on what Arius did nor did not say. Let me try and clarify matters. Arius had been educated in the tradition o f Paul of Samosata, Bishop of Antioch, who had been excommunicated for denying teh humanity of Christ. Paul asserted that God cannot appear on earth and so cannot have become human in Christ. Lucian, a follower of Paul, argued that what became human in Christ was a second essence created by God but distinct from God. The primary objective of Arius was to insure the unity, simplicity, and radical transcendence of God. To in any way identify the Logos with God would destroy the aloofness of teh Creator by attributing change and suffering to God. Though the Son may surpass all other created beings, he remains a created being and not God. Hence, Athanasius wrote that "because of his coming down...and looking upon him as having suffered...they do not believe him as the incorruptible Son of teh Incorruptible Father." Instead, Athanasius taunted, they ask: "How dare you to say that the one having the body is the proper word of teh Father's essence, so that he endured such a thing as this (i.e., the Cross)? How can he be Logos or God, he who slept as a man and wept?" Thus, Arius writes: "There is not a triad equal in glories; their substances are unmixed with each other...The essences of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are separate in nature, and are estranged, unconnected alien, and without participation in each other... They are utterly dissimilar from each other with respect to both essences and glorifies to infinity."