No, the notion that God's wrath was visited on Christ does not come from the Levitical sin and guilt sacrifices.
Better sources for that would be Isa 53:4-5; 1Th 1:10; Ro 5:9; Eph 2:3; Jn 3:36.
God's wrath was not visited on animals, either in Leviticus or Egypt.
"Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted.
But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed." Isaiah 53:4-5
I don't understand how this is understood to demonstrate that the wrath of God was visited on Christ, Who is God ...
Isaiah states that
we (humans) esteem Him as "stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted". Isaiah does
not demonstrate that God's wrath is visited on Jesus Christ.
"And to wait for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead, even Jesus, which delivered us from the wrath to come." 1 Thess 1:10
I agree; Christ's sacrifice delivered us from the wrath of God, just as the blood of the lambs spread over the lintels spared the Israelites from the angel of death.
But again, this does not speak of God's wrath poured out on Jesus Christ, the incarnate God and second person of the Holy Trinity.
The same in Romans 5:9
Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others. Ephesians 2:3
But Paul does not call Christ a child of wrath, nor indeed was Christ given over to "the lusts of our flesh fulfilling the desires of our flesh and our mind". In fact the Scriptures testify that Christ had no sin, and all virtues.
I don't understand how you read John 3:6 in light of Jesus Christ and His sacrifice, so I won't respond to that verse.
Maybe I have misunderstood you (that God's wrath was visited on Christ instead of us) - in which case, I apologize !
The Mercy seat was the "place" of God among us in the OT, the restoration of us to God.
Christ, as our "mercy seat" was voluntarily crucified to restore us to relationship with God.
This has the effect of "holding back His wrath", but is moreso and ontological possibility/promise for us.