: Jesus Christ, redeemer of mankind. Christ paid the price of his own sacrificial death on the cross to ransom us, to set us free from the slavery of sin, thus achieving our redemption (571, 601; cf. 517, 1372).
571 The Paschal mystery of Christ’s cross and Resurrection stands at the center of the Good News that the apostles, and the Church following them, are to proclaim to the world. God’s saving plan was accomplished “once for all”(Heb 9:26) by the redemptive death of his Son Jesus Christ. (1067)
1067 “The wonderful works of God among the people of the Old Testament were but a prelude to the work of Christ the Lord in redeeming mankind and giving perfect glory to God. He accomplished this work principally by the Paschal mystery of his blessed Passion, Resurrection from the dead, and glorious Ascension, whereby ‘dying he destroyed our death, rising he restored our life.’ For it was from the side of Christ as he slept the sleep of death upon the cross that there came forth ‘the wondrous sacrament of the whole Church.’”3 For this reason, the Church celebrates in the liturgy above all the Paschal mystery by which Christ accomplished the work of our salvation.
601 The Scriptures had foretold this divine plan of salvation through the putting to death of “the righteous one, my Servant” as a mystery of universal redemption, that is, as the ransom that would free men from the slavery of sin.(Isa 53:11; cf. 53:12; Jn 8:34-36; Acts 3:14) Citing a confession of faith that he himself had “received,” St. Paul professes that “Christ died for our sins in accordance with the scriptures.”(1 Cor 15:3; cf. also Acts 3:18; 7:52; 13:29; 26:22-23) In particular Jesus’ redemptive death fulfils Isaiah’s prophecy of the suffering Servant.(Cf. Isa 53:7-8 and Acts 8:32-35) Indeed Jesus himself explained the meaning of his life and death in the light of God’s suffering Servant.(Cf. Mt 20:28) After his Resurrection he gave this interpretation of the Scriptures to the disciples at Emmaus, and then to the apostles.(Cf. Lk 24:25-27, 44-45) (652, 713)
652 Christ’s Resurrection is the fulfillment of the promises both of the Old Testament and of Jesus himself during his earthly life.(Cf. Mt 28:6; Mk 16:7; Lk 24:6-7, 26-27, 44-48) The phrase “in accordance with the Scriptures”(Cf. 1 Cor 15:3-4; cf. the Nicene Creed) indicates that Christ’s Resurrection fulfilled these predictions. (994)
994 But there is more. Jesus links faith in the resurrection to his own person: “I am the Resurrection and the life.”(Jn 11:25) It is Jesus himself who on the last day will raise up those who have believed in him, who have eaten his body and drunk his blood.(Cf. Jn 5:24-25; 6:40, 54) Already now in this present life he gives a sign and pledge of this by restoring some of the dead to life,(Cf. Mk 5:21-42; Lk 7:11-17; Jn 11) announcing thereby his own Resurrection, though it was to be of another order. He speaks of this unique event as the “sign of Jonah,”( Mt 12:39) the sign of the temple: he announces that he will be put to death but rise thereafter on the third day.(Cf. Mk 10:34; Jn 2:19-22)
713 The Messiah’s characteristics are revealed above all in the “Servant songs.”(Cf. Isa 42:1-9; cf. Mt 12:18-21; Jn 1:32-34; then cf. Isa 49:1-6; cf. Mt 3:17; Lk 2:32; finally cf. Isa 50:4-10 and Isa 52:13-53:12) These songs proclaim the meaning of Jesus’ Passion and show how he will pour out the Holy Spirit to give life to the many: not as an outsider, but by embracing our “form as slave.”(Phil 2:7) Taking our death upon himself, he can communicate to us his own Spirit of life.
517 Christ’s whole life is a mystery of redemption. Redemption comes to us above all through the blood of his cross,(Cf. Eph 1:7; Col 1:13-14; 1 Pet 1:18-19) but this mystery is at work throughout Christ’s entire life:
- already in his Incarnation through which by becoming poor he enriches us with his poverty;(Cf. 2 Cor 8:9)
- in his hidden life which by his submission atones for our disobedience;(Cf. Lk 2:51)
- in his word which purifies its hearers;(Cf. Jn 15:3)
- in his healings and exorcisms by which “he took our infirmities and bore our diseases”;( Mt 8:17; cf. Isa 53:4)
- and in his Resurrection by which he justifies us.(Cf. Rom 4:25)
1372 St. Augustine admirably summed up this doctrine that moves us to an ever more complete participation in our Redeemer’s sacrifice which we celebrate in the Eucharist:
This wholly redeemed city, the assembly and society of the saints, is offered to God as a universal sacrifice by the high priest who in the form of a slave went so far as to offer himself for us in his Passion, to make us the Body of so great a head.... Such is the sacrifice of Christians: “we who are many are one Body in Christ.’‘ The Church continues to reproduce this sacrifice in the sacrament of the altar so well-known to believers wherein it is evident to them that in what she offers she herself is offered.(St. Augustine, De civ. Dei, 10, 6: PL 41, 283; cf. Rom 12:5)