Does that demonstrate the capability of natural selection acting on random mutation to account for such largescale changes as fish to amphibian, reptile to bird, etc.?
As biophysicist Dr. Lee Spetner explains, “All of the mutations that have been examined on a molecular level show that the organism has lost information and not gained it.” (“From a Frog to a Prince,” documentary by Keziah Films, 1998)...
As Dr. Spetner again explains, “I really do not believe that the neo-Darwinian model can account for large-scale evolution [i.e., macroevolution]. What they really can’t account for is the buildup of information. …And not only is it improbable on the mathematical level, that is, theoretically, but experimentally one has not found a single mutation that one can point at that actually adds information. In fact, every beneficial mutation that I have seen reduces the information, it loses information.” (Ibid.)
What is the difference between Microevolution and Macroevolution? | GotQuestions.org
With regard to the quote you posted,
Dr. Lee Spetner is a creationist who opposes standard evolutionary theory. Here he seems to be playing fast and loose with the definition of 'information'. In basic physical terms, the information capacity of DNA is the number of ways its bases can be re-arranged. This kind of information is only gained or lost if DNA is gained or lost.
If we consider
useful information, i.e. producing functional, beneficial results, it's been established that the majority of mutations are roughly neutral, and of the rest, disadvantageous mutations generally outnumber beneficial mutations. So rearranging DNA coding units may or may not increase the useful information content, depending on whether the outcome is a gain of function, a loss of function, or is neutral.
As suggested above, a gain or loss of DNA changes the genetic information capacity, and it is well known that there are a number of ways that mutations can increase the amount of DNA (e.g. sequence duplication, chromosome duplication, etc.). This duplicated DNA and any further mutations to it may be considered either as an increase in useful information or neutral, according to the net influence it has on function. Whether it can ever be considered as a
loss of useful information is debatable - if duplicating useful genes has a disadvantageous effect does this mean useful information has been lost? If we remove the duplicated gene, restoring beneficial function, have we
increased the useful information by
removing DNA?
I also think that to view the information content of DNA in terms of Shannon information is probably a mistake, as, for the most part, it's not conveying messages where the message symbols have particular expectation values.
But the simplest refutation of the '
no new genetic information' trope is what happens when a mutation causes a useful gene to become useless - this is typically seen as a loss of genetic information. But if a second mutation repairs the damaged gene, causing it to become functionally useful again, then the converse must be true - genetic information must have been (re)gained.