From Hebrew to English:
1The Levitic kohanim,
the entire tribe of Levi, shall have no portion or inheritance with Israel; the Lord's fire offerings and His inheritance they shall eat.
15A prophet from among you, from
your brothers, like me, the Lord, your God will set up for you;
you shall hearken to him.
It is clear from the context that the tribe of Levi is excluded. It is also clear from the context that the Prophet like Moses would come from the remaining tribes of Israel.
"But the children of Benjamin would not listen to the voice of their brethren, the children of Israel." Judges 20.13
Here "their brethren" is specifically stated to be the other tribes of Israel as distinct from the tribe of Benjamin. In Deuteronomy 18.18, therefore, "their brethren" clearly means the brethren in Israel of the tribe of Levi. Again in Numbers 8.26 the tribe of Levi is commanded to minister to "their brethren", that is, the remaining tribes of Israel. In 2 Kings 24.12 the tribe of Judah is distinguished from "their brethren", once again the remaining tribes of Israel. (Further scriptures proving the point are Judges 21.22, 2 Samuel 2.26, 2 Kings 23.9, 1 Chronicles 12.32, 2 Chronicles 28.15, Nehemiah 5.1 and others).
In Deuteronomy 17.15 we read that Moses on one occasion said to the Israelites "One from among your brethren you shall set as king over you; you may not put a foreigner over you, who is not your brother". Only an Israelite could be appointed king of Israel - "one from among your brethren" - no foreigner, be he Ishmaelite, Edomite or whoever he may be, could be made King of Israel because he was not one of "their brethren", that is, a member of one of the tribes of Israel.
This leaves Muhammad out since he did not come from the tribes of Israel.
Not so fast brethren.
I showed the term Brother extends to the Ishmaelites. If you can show the Prophet to come was only allowed to be from a certain Tribe, then fair enough you might have had a case.
I recall Cyrus a non Israelite was anointed by GOD to lead the Israelites back to their Land, and Balaam pbuh was one of 7 non Hebrew Prophets sent to God's chosen people.
The Ishmaelites are described as Bedouin who live in the desert, raise camels (see especially the inclusion of Obil the Ishmaelite, who was "over the camels," among David's officers, I Chron. 27:30), are desert robbers (cf. Gen. 16:12), and periodically overrun the permanent settlement and plunder it (Ps. 83:7; Judg. 8:24). In addition, the Ishmaelites engaged in caravan trade (Gen. 37:25). (For relations of kinship and intermarriage between the Ishmaelite groups, who were close to the borders of settled areas, and the permanent inhabitants cf. Gen. 28:9, 36:3; I Chron 2:17.)
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KEDEMITES OR EASTERNERS (Heb. בְּנֵי קֶדֶם (
benei kedem, bene qedem), adjective
qadmoni, קַדְמֹנִי; Gen. 15:19) is a general designation for the peoples living on the eastern border of Syria and Palestine, from as far north as Haran (Gen. 29:1–4) to as far south as the northern end of the Red Sea (Gen. 25:1–6). In Israelite ethnology, all these peoples, and the Ishmaelites as well, who ranged from the border of Egypt to Assyria (i.e., the Middle Euphrates), and who included the inhabitants of Tema and Dumah (Gen. 25:12–18), were all related. Their center of dispersion was the Middle Euphrates region – called Aram-Naharaim (Gen. 24:10; Deut. 23:5), Paddan-Aram (Gen. 28:2, 5, 6, 7; 31:18 (or Paddan, Gen. 48:7)), "the country Aram" (Hos. 12:13), or simply Aram (Num. 23:7). From here Abraham and Lot moved to Canaan (Gen. 12:5). Lot eventually moved to Transjordan and became the ancestor of Moab and Ammon (Gen. 19:30ff.), while Abraham became the ancestor of all the other Kedemites, including the Ishmaelites, and of the Israelites as well. His son Isaac and the latter's son Jacob-Israel married wives from Abraham's original home-land, where Jacob even lived for 20 years.
Hence the confession, "My father was a wandering/ fugitive Aramean who migrated to Egypt" (Deut. 26:5).
The Israelites acknowledged all those peoples as their kin in contrast to the Canaanites. The Kedemites enjoyed among the Israelites a great reputation for wisdom. Not only does David quote a Kedemite proverb which he characterizes as such, but the wisdom of the Kedemites is rated only lower than Solomon's though higher than that of the Egyptians (I Kings 5:10), and Isaiah represents the Egyptian king's wise men as seeking to impress him by claiming descent from sages of Kedem (this, not "of old," is the meaning of
qedem in Isa. 19:11). A wise instruction by the mother of a Kedemite king, *Lemuel , to her royal son is preserved, according to the superscription, in Proverbs 31:1–9; for Massa is the name of an Ishmaelite tribe (Gen. 25:14; on the Aramaizing diction, see *Job ). *Agur son of Jakeh was doubtless of the same nationality as Lemuel, according to Proverbs 30:1, where
ha-massa'i, "the Massaite," is to be read. The reputed wisdom of the Edomites (included among the Kedemites in Isa. 11:14) is alluded to in Jeremiah 49:7; Obadiah 7 end, 8.
Kedemites or Easterners
Examples of Intermarriage amongst the
brethren
Abigail bore Amasa, and the father of Amasa was Jether the Ishmaelite. Jether the Ishmaelite — By birth or habitation, but by profession an Israelite, 2 Samuel 17:25.
2 Samuel 17:25 (25) Amasa.—Joab having adhered to David and gone away with him, Absalom chose his cousin to succeed him as commander-in-chief.
Gen 28:9 Esau, Isaac's son married an Ishmaelite from his uncle Ishmael's side.
Clearly the Israelites and Ishmaelites were considered one people in the past who intermarried.
They also fought together:
Zebah and Zalmunna, were 2 kings from Median who invaded Israel.
The men of Israel, both Israelites and Ishmaelites under Gideon fought, captured and subsequently killed them. Gideon said, GOD would rule over them, rather than a King and all the men should give gold. The Ishmaelites gave gold nose rings
Ishmaelites were also referred to as Midianites, so more passages can be found related to intermarriage if needed.
Study guides make clear what Brethren means:
Brethren: denotes any blood-relation or kinsman (Genesis 14:16; 1 Samuel 20:29; 2 Kings 10:13; 1 Chronicles 23:2, etc.)
Strong's Greek: 80. ἀδελφός (adelphos) -- a brother
Brother - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Abram's nephew, Lot, is termed "brother" (Genesis 14:14)
Moses' fellow-countrymen are "brethren" (Exodus 2:11; Acts 3:22; compare Hebrews 7:5);
An ally (Amos 1:9), or an allied or cognate people (Numbers 20:14);
Of friends (Job 6:15);
By the way you are making my task easier by excluding the tribe of Levite, because Mary ra mother of Jesus pbuh was a Levite, and we know to claim the Throne of King David pbuh your father had to biologically descend from him, step children need not apply. That's according to the rules of the Pentateuch, and we know the 2 Genealogies found in Matthew and Luke are inaccurate anyway.
This issue must have crossed Jesus' mind pbuh, as he remarks to the Scribes, “David himself calls him [the Messiah] ‘Lord,’ so how is he his son?” That is, David speaks of the Messiah as “my Lord,” rather than as “my son.”
Jesus thus alleges,
The Messiah therefore cannot be a son of David. Using Psalm 110 as his proof text. Mark 12:36
