So now what you are saying is there were two covenants simultaneously with an "opt-in" plan?
The old covenant was designed to bring people back into Faith in God. This is mentioned all throughout the OT. For instance:
Deut 10:16 Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no more stiffnecked.
Deut 30:6 And the LORD thy God will circumcise thine heart, and the heart of thy seed, to love the LORD thy God with all thine heart, and with all thy soul, that thou mayest live.
Jer 4:4 Circumcise yourselves to the LORD, and take away the foreskins of your heart, ye men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem: lest my fury come forth like fire, and burn that none can quench [it], because of the evil of your doings.
Ps 51:16-17 For thou desirest not sacrifice; else would I give [it]: thou delightest not in burnt offering. The sacrifices of God [are] a broken spirit: a broken and a contrite heart, O God, thou wilt not despise.
The new covenant is God taking a broken/circumcised/contrite heart and writing HIs law/character on it so that everyone will know we are a Child of God and they will want what we have.
Consider for a second what David says in Ps 40.
vs 4-6 Blessed [is] that man that maketh the LORD his trust, and respecteth not the proud, nor such as turn aside to lies. Many, O LORD my God, [are] thy wonderful works [which] thou hast done, and thy thoughts [which are] to us-ward: they cannot be reckoned up in order unto thee: [if] I would declare and speak [of them], they are more than can be numbered. Sacrifice and offering thou didst not desire; mine ears hast thou opened: burnt offering and sin offering hast thou not required.
vs 8-10 I delight to do thy will, O my God: yea, thy law [is] within my heart. I have preached righteousness in the great congregation: lo, I have not refrained my lips, O LORD, thou knowest. I have not hid thy righteousness within my heart; I have declared thy faithfulness and thy salvation: I have not concealed thy lovingkindness and thy truth from the great congregation.
I see this as a PERFECT illustration of what the new covenant describes!
I can't agree with you on this point and here's why...
1. You seem to assume that a person under the old covenant could not possibly possess faith. This seems to be unwarranted and in my opinion, untrue. The heroes in chapter 11 of Hebrews were certainly examples of people of great faith, but they were not under the new covenant.
I am not saying that all people under the old covenant could not have faith. I am saying the old covenant was intended to bring people back into faith in God. They were under the new covenant because they HAD faith that God would provide a way of salvation. The new covenant of faith was given back in Eden!
2. The Scripture you quote Heb. 8:10-12, is a direct quote of Jeremiah 31:33-34. The key phrase in each of the passages here is:
Hebrews 8:10-12
For this [is] the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people: And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest. For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more.
Each of the people you mentioned lived BEFORE Jeremiah. The Lord is speaking in FUTURE tense. Therefore, none of the people in Chap. 11 of Hebrews could be under the new covenant.
The point I believe you have missed is this... Jeremiah is prophesing. Paul speaks of the prophecies fulfillment in the us the Christian church who have the evidence of Jesus, the Messiah. It does not limit this blessing to only those in the future. How could David write what He did without the fulfillment in Him? The real problem was that the Jews never figured out what it meant to have Faith. Jeremiah was writing in the times just before and during the captivity in Babylon. They were taken captive because of their complete lack of Faith in God. This was demonstrated by their disobedience.
Are you telling me because Daniel was not able to sacrifice sin offerings to God that he was not forgiven his sins?
3. One can see from Chap.11 of Hebrews itself that these people were not under the new covenant.
Heb 11:13, 39
13 These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth.
39 And these all, having had witness borne to them through their faith, received not the promise,
What is the promise spoken of here?
Hebrews 11:10,14,16,40. For he looked for a city which hath foundations, whose builder and maker [is] God....For they that say such things declare plainly that they seek a country...But now they desire a better [country], that is, an heavenly: wherefore God is not ashamed to be called their God: for he hath prepared for them a city....God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect.
Looks like we are back at the discussion of the word "perfect". The promise here spoken of is the heavenly caanan. They did not obtain this promise as of yet, because God is still working on us.
It is not the promise of the new covenant it is the promise of heaven
I'm glad you brought up Heb. 11, though. I think it might make what I am trying to say about faith more clear. If you read through the chapter, you will notice a pattern...
By faith, (OT character) (verb)
Living, breathing faith inspires action. It is not passive. Living faith subdues, stops the mouths of lions, goes when asked, and perserveres. That is the faith we are called to have.
I do not disagree with any thing you have said. I have never said faith is not active. But the foundation we are built on is faith. We are saved by faith. Because we are saved we allow God to work all these marvelous things through us.
Look, I understand your reluctance to admit any responsibility on our part. There was a time long ago in the Middle Ages where there WAS a over-reliance on works. According to the Catholic Church, you COULD WORK (or pay) your way to Heaven. This is totally and absolutely wrong. I think any good Catholic would admit that today. However, it is important not to over-react the opposite way. This is what Martin Luther (and most Protestants today) did (understandably with what he was up against) and John Calvin as well. Calvin taught that man does and can do absolutely nothing. It is predetermined and we are totally helpless.Actually, Luther, did not "over-react" enough. He kept many of the Catholic tradition execept Righteousness by Faith which is entirely biblical! Calvin is a different story, he viewed making a choice as a "work" which I do not! Thus we all have a choice to make for or against God.
Calvin may have had it wrong but I do not believe taking away from Luther's stance is turning to truth it is turning away from the truth of righteousnes by faith.The truth lies somewhere I believe, in the middle.
God works alone, but also through us here on Earth.
I agree, but God cannot work through someone who does not want Him to. God limited His power so we could love.
The following passage has always been helpful to me...
Philippians 2:12-13
12 So then, my beloved, even as ye have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling;
Notice verse 12 seems to imply that our salvation has everything to do with us but then....
13 for it is God who worketh in you both to will and to work, for his good pleasure.
....verse 13 comes along and it seems that it has everything to do with God and nothing to do with us!
The answer is of course, it is both. In a faithful Christian's life, the Holy Spirit and he are so intertwined it is difficult to say "He did this and I did that". It is best just to do, and give God the credit instead of worrying about assigning responsibility.
I am of the belief that the Holy Spirit is working in us constantly. Speaking to us and leading us in the direction we should go. How does one workout His own salvation? By allowing the Holy Spirit to humble whatever needs to be given up. We are selfish humans and we have things that even now may not be clear that we need to give up. But, when we are convicted by the Holy Spirit of something, we can either choose to love God through Faith or Love ourselves. This is working out your own salvation.
I hope that next time you see those Christians you spoke of who seem to be working, you might pause before you pass judgement. They might be saying the right things because they actually believe them. And they might be doing the right things because Christ is working in them, accomplishing His purposes here on earth and making them into stronger, more faithful children of God. One should not attempt to judge another man's heart lightly.
I never mean't to sound like I judge anyones heart, for I do not believe that is for us to do. However, you are known by your works and your works can tell the story. I have never meant to belittle works. It is this tradition of covenants that is propagated that must be spoken against because it belittles the gospel of Jesus Christ which is the "Law of Faith" not works of a "new law".
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