Keys to a noneschatological understaning of Romans 11.
Here are a few thoughts I'm working on to summerize the understanding of Romans 11 that I have come to:
Romans 11 as well as all of Pauls letters as well as most of the books must be understood in light of who the letter was written to, the time period that it was written, the historical circumstances of that time period and thus most importantly how the original readers would have understood the letter.
Furthermore, each word must be understood in it's context in the sentence and the chapter and the surrounding chapters. Each sentence likewise is to be understood in view of the it's surrounding paragraph, chapters and themes of the books and chapters.
Time period was approx 55 Ad from most sources which would have been about 15 yrs before the intense Neronic persecution and tribulation of those days and the desolation of Jerusalem. Equally or perhaps moreso important was that it was perhaps 15 yrs after the Gospel began going to all nations of peoples, if we consider Cornelius' conversion was approximately 40 AD.
Some of the key phrases that dispensationalists use in Romans 11 to support a restoration of Israel are vs 25 and 26.
Take note that the reason that he does not want the "romans" or nations to be ignorant of the mystery he is to tell them is so that they do not become wise in their conceits (about God including them in His kingdom) He says just a few verses earlier in verse 23 says that IF they continue not in UNBELIEF, they {Israelites} will be grafted in. Here he is referring to the part of Israel (Individuals) in 55-60 AD that have been blinded to the Gospel even though it has been preached to them by Jewish disciples in Jerusalem and Judea with many results and confirmation by the Holy Spirit. BUT, some of them still do not Believe. Are all Israelites who did not initially believe the Gospel when it was preached in Jerusalem and Judea now in 55 AD cast away ? Has God forsaken remaining Israelites from salvation due to their partial rejection? Verse 23 has the answer as well as other places in ch 11.
In the previous chapter Paul says concerning Israels blindness and unbelief;
From the progression of the book of Acts we understand that the gospel was first preched in Jerusalem, then Judea, and then to all the nations, and includes the conversion of the non-jews beginning with Cornelius.
The phrase 'them that are no people' would have a familiar sound in a jewish ear. For at the time that the Israelites were first called "a people of God, (Deut 27:9) it was there that non-Israelite would by exclusion be called "not" a people of God. Thus moses was prophesying that God's blessing would one day go out towards those other nations who were considered 'foolish' and who had previously "not" been a people of God. This prophecy is part of the curses that was promised to come upon the Israelites if they did not continue to do all that was recorded in the law (Deut 11-32). As the old covenant of the land/nation promises came to a close and the nation/house of Israel would suffer the curses found in the law, Paul recognized that one of these curses could actually be a blessing to those who might be made jealous unto Salvation by the pouring out of the Spirit upon all nations.
Coincidently, the 'place' where Israel was first called 'a people', and the nations were called 'not' a people of God (east of the Jordan) is the same 'place' that the Church would gather and be formed during the seige and desolation of Jerusalem. Also, both the proclaiming of the Israelites as a People of God AND the place in scripture where they would be called not a people of God were both in the law of the Old Covenant as written in Deut 11-32. This is connected with the Lo-ammi prophecies of Hosea where some people of all nations who were not the people of God will become the people of God.
They were in a inter-covenant time period. Multitudes of jews believed the gospel and received the Holy Spirit, then the gospel was again rejected by the leaders in Jerusalem symbolized by the Stoning of Stephen and the message went out to Judea again to the Jew first. Then it went to the Gentiles with Cornelius possibly being the first to receive the Holy Spirit.
Now in verse 19, Paul cannot be referring to all of Israel needing to be jealous of those who are not a nation, because multitudes of the Jews DID believe in Christ. Thus he must be referring to the remaining Israel who did not initially believe through the Disciples testimony and remained antagonistic towards Christians even pursuing and persecuting the jew and non jew believers. This would correspond with the time period and events in which they were living. "Judaisers" were trying to reconvert jews who became Christians and were scouring the countryside to find these and other Christians. Remember how they had flogged Peter and told him to stop preaching in his name even early in Jerusalem and how many times Paul says that he received 'lashes'.
Here are a few thoughts I'm working on to summerize the understanding of Romans 11 that I have come to:
Romans 11 as well as all of Pauls letters as well as most of the books must be understood in light of who the letter was written to, the time period that it was written, the historical circumstances of that time period and thus most importantly how the original readers would have understood the letter.
Furthermore, each word must be understood in it's context in the sentence and the chapter and the surrounding chapters. Each sentence likewise is to be understood in view of the it's surrounding paragraph, chapters and themes of the books and chapters.
Time period was approx 55 Ad from most sources which would have been about 15 yrs before the intense Neronic persecution and tribulation of those days and the desolation of Jerusalem. Equally or perhaps moreso important was that it was perhaps 15 yrs after the Gospel began going to all nations of peoples, if we consider Cornelius' conversion was approximately 40 AD.
Some of the key phrases that dispensationalists use in Romans 11 to support a restoration of Israel are vs 25 and 26.
Some would say that "this mystery" is the same Mystery of the church composed of jew and gentile that Paul spoke of in Eph. I think rather that Paul describes the mystery that he is referring to in the surrounding sentences.25For I do not desire, brethren, that you should be ignorant of this mystery, lest you should be wise in your own opinion, that blindness in part has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. 26And so all Israel will be saved, as it is written:
"The Deliverer will come out of Zion,
And He will turn away ungodliness from Jacob;
Take note that the reason that he does not want the "romans" or nations to be ignorant of the mystery he is to tell them is so that they do not become wise in their conceits (about God including them in His kingdom) He says just a few verses earlier in verse 23 says that IF they continue not in UNBELIEF, they {Israelites} will be grafted in. Here he is referring to the part of Israel (Individuals) in 55-60 AD that have been blinded to the Gospel even though it has been preached to them by Jewish disciples in Jerusalem and Judea with many results and confirmation by the Holy Spirit. BUT, some of them still do not Believe. Are all Israelites who did not initially believe the Gospel when it was preached in Jerusalem and Judea now in 55 AD cast away ? Has God forsaken remaining Israelites from salvation due to their partial rejection? Verse 23 has the answer as well as other places in ch 11.
18do not boast against the branches. But if you do boast, remember that you do not support the root, but the root supports you. 19You will say then, "Branches were broken off that I might be grafted in." (This type of boasting would be the arrogance that Paul refers to in vs 25) 20 Well said. Because of unbelief they were broken off, and you stand by faith. Do not be haughty, but fear. 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, He may not spare you either. 22 Therefore consider the goodness and severity of God: on those who fell, severity; but toward you, goodness, if you continue in His goodness. Otherwise you also will be cut off. 23 And they also, if they do not continue in unbelief, will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.
Thiis "in part" can either mean partially blinded, or that part of the remaining Israel has been fully blinded. It doesn't make a large difference in this discussion as both are UNTIL or UNTO the fullness of the Gentiles. Perhaps a greek scholar can tell weather part refers to blinded or Israel.25For I do not desire, brethren, that you should be ignorant of this mystery, lest you should be wise in your own opinion, that blindness in part has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. 26 And so all Israel will be [fn6] saved, as it is written:
"The Deliverer will come out of Zion,
And He will turn away ungodliness from Jacob;
In the previous chapter Paul says concerning Israels blindness and unbelief;
Thus, Paul is saying that in 55-60 AD the gospel has been preached in Jerusalem, Judea and unto the ends of the world. Vs 12 includes the Gentiles as equal to the jews needing to hear and call upon Him.vs 3. For they being ignorant of God's righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted themselves unto the righteousness of God.
vs 16,But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Esaias saith, Lord, who hath believed our report?
vs 18, But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world.
From the progression of the book of Acts we understand that the gospel was first preched in Jerusalem, then Judea, and then to all the nations, and includes the conversion of the non-jews beginning with Cornelius.
Here Paul asks, Did Israel not know of the gospel going to all the ends of the earth? The hint was told by Moses as Paul explained in vs 19.vs 19 But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy by [them that are] no people, [and] by a foolish nation I will anger you.
The phrase 'them that are no people' would have a familiar sound in a jewish ear. For at the time that the Israelites were first called "a people of God, (Deut 27:9) it was there that non-Israelite would by exclusion be called "not" a people of God. Thus moses was prophesying that God's blessing would one day go out towards those other nations who were considered 'foolish' and who had previously "not" been a people of God. This prophecy is part of the curses that was promised to come upon the Israelites if they did not continue to do all that was recorded in the law (Deut 11-32). As the old covenant of the land/nation promises came to a close and the nation/house of Israel would suffer the curses found in the law, Paul recognized that one of these curses could actually be a blessing to those who might be made jealous unto Salvation by the pouring out of the Spirit upon all nations.
Coincidently, the 'place' where Israel was first called 'a people', and the nations were called 'not' a people of God (east of the Jordan) is the same 'place' that the Church would gather and be formed during the seige and desolation of Jerusalem. Also, both the proclaiming of the Israelites as a People of God AND the place in scripture where they would be called not a people of God were both in the law of the Old Covenant as written in Deut 11-32. This is connected with the Lo-ammi prophecies of Hosea where some people of all nations who were not the people of God will become the people of God.
vs 20, But Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me. (Here he is again confirming the nations belief in the Christ and the salvation by election, grace and faith.)
They were in a inter-covenant time period. Multitudes of jews believed the gospel and received the Holy Spirit, then the gospel was again rejected by the leaders in Jerusalem symbolized by the Stoning of Stephen and the message went out to Judea again to the Jew first. Then it went to the Gentiles with Cornelius possibly being the first to receive the Holy Spirit.
Now in verse 19, Paul cannot be referring to all of Israel needing to be jealous of those who are not a nation, because multitudes of the Jews DID believe in Christ. Thus he must be referring to the remaining Israel who did not initially believe through the Disciples testimony and remained antagonistic towards Christians even pursuing and persecuting the jew and non jew believers. This would correspond with the time period and events in which they were living. "Judaisers" were trying to reconvert jews who became Christians and were scouring the countryside to find these and other Christians. Remember how they had flogged Peter and told him to stop preaching in his name even early in Jerusalem and how many times Paul says that he received 'lashes'.
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