OT: The speed of light. I have heard from many sources, that a solid can never reach the speed of light. I have to assume they mean there, the speed of light relative to some point in spacetime.
What it means is that you can't accelerate from less than the speed of light to the speed of light. What happens is that at velocities significantly close to the speed of light, distances shorten in your direction of travel and your time slows relative to the rest of the universe. This means that, from your perspective, you can keep accelerating as much as you want and your journey time (as you measure it) will reduce - although not as much as you'd expect, because your mass increases, making it harder to accelerate. External observers see you getting closer and closer to the speed of light but never reaching it.
The time dilation and length contraction can be calculated using the 'Lorentz Factor'. This is very close to zero at low speeds, but as you approach the speed of light, it rapidly shoots up to infinity. At 95% the speed of light it is 3.2, so your time slows by a factor of 3.2 and lengths are contracted by a factor of 3.2 in the direction of travel.
A nice example of the time dilation & foreshortening effect is the fact that we can detect muons (created by cosmic ray collisions high in the atmosphere) at the Earth's surface, although the muon's lifetime should be too short for them to reach the surface. But their speed is enough that we see their time running slower relative to ours, giving them enough time to reach the surface, and they see the distance to the surface as shorter so they can reach it within their lifetime.
I have also heard that when an object reaches the speed of light, it becomes energy.
An object can't reach the speed of light, and energy isn't a thing in its own right, it's a property that stuff has by virtue of its context or construction; so what you heard doesn't sound right.
If that is true, when object #1 is approaching the speed of light, compared to location A, and object #2 is traveling an opposite direction, say at nearly the speed of light, then they each to the other would seem to be energy. I wonder then, is all matter actually energy, since it is obviously receding from some point past the speed of light? You seem to imply that no perception of one to the other would be possible, so the question is moot. Yet it seems to me that perception is not the definition of reality. (I.e. the fact we don't see that object receding from us does not mean it is not). We see all objects as cohesive reality; in the less abstract mind, for that object to become energy, how can if remain cohesive, so that as it slows it becomes the same object again?
I have no idea what you're asking here.
I ask all that to introduce the following question: Is all energy matter sped up, or the potential to be matter if slowed down? If so, would the waveform of that energy define the matter it becomes? and vice-versa?
No.
I understand all this seems to assume that the whole object reaches the speed of light at the same time, which is not proven, nor does it reference any relation of the action of the atoms and their parts within the object to the speed of the object.
It can't reach the speed of light.
If a "universe", then, is separating from this one faster than the speed of light, there must exist spacetime between the two, by which the difference can be actual, no? If the direction from the one could be known, could not a theoretical spaceship, traveling from the edge of this "universe" approaching the speed of light send information at the speed of light relative to that ship toward the departing "universe" faster than that departure? (I put "universe" in quotes, since these seem more like galaxies to me than universes, since I have heard that a universe is defined by spacetime --there being no reality (spacetime) outside of it).
The speed of light is not additive. Every observer always measures it to be the same, so if you're travelling near the speed of light towards some observer, and you shine a laser at her, she will measure the laser as approaching at the speed of light, but she will see it shifted in frequency way up the spectrum. If you were going away from her and shone a laser at her, she'd still see it approaching at the speed of light, but shifted way down in frequency.