It's in the history books. In Rome, a passive homosexual citizen could lose his citizenship. In Greece, pederasty was accepted but adult homosexuality was not. The adult male passive partner in Greece was also looked upon with contempt.
These facts of history may be inconvenient, but that is how it was.
This is not meant to insult anyone, but this is Roman 1st Century Poetry by Juvenal which illustrates the Roman attitude.
"One can't rely on men's faces: every street overflows with
Austere-visaged perverts. How can you reprove immorality,
most notorious man-hole among the Socratic pansy-boys?
Your hairy limbs and the stiff bristles on your arms
promise a stern soul, but the doctor has to mock you
as he cuts the swollen piles from your depilated anus."
(Satire 2.8-13)
Oh jeez, Juvenal. His Satires are, of course, Satires, first off. And Juvenal is incredibly cranky. Yes, some Romans were disdainful of homosexuals--and only the passive partner was considered to be worthy of derision, not because he was a homosexual really, but because he was playing the woman's role and sexism was rampant in Roman and Greek societies. Notice he calls them "
Socratic pansy-boys"? Yes, there was a culture in Greece at the time of Socrates that valued love between males. There was well-established mythology in Greece that valued male homosexuality, and not only between boys and men (though these idealized relationships did tend to dominate). Achilles and Patroclus were a hotly debated couple, back in the day. Roman culture was somewhat less forgiving than the Greeks, but in no way did they particularly outlaw or prohibit homosexual relationships. And when/if they did, it's not likely anyone paid too much attention.
Louis Crompton's
Homosexuality and Civilization is an excellent place to start when considering how a variety of past cultures responded to homosexuality.
As a cultutral artifact, that's great, and it explains the mistaken concepts some had then and have now of homosexuality. It was assumed all were heterosexual; concepts of sexual orientation did not exist.
Not strictly true, as groups did exist that were well-known as being lovers of boys or men. They would not have been called "homosexual," but they existed as a distinct and visible entity. Book 8 of Apuleius'
The Golden Ass contains a fictionalized (and stereotyped) depiction of such a group.
Given the culture it is quite likely the soldiers who crucified Jesus Christ raped him as well.
Going to have to be skeptical of this claim, though. When would they have had the time? Is there documentation of this happening to other prisoners?