The "Way of the Gentiles" is not "Gentiles", in the passage you partly quoted, which includes "nor into any city of the Smaritans". The Way of the Gentiles is a geographic location connected to the Samaritan area, which they must go through, to reach.
And Jesus took them promptly into the "Way of the Gentiles, through Samaritan villages, where they stayed in one, after the Apostles returned from that first evangelizing trip! -where Jesus gave Living Water to the Gentiles who believed in His name, which He first offered to the Gentile Samaritan woman at the well.
Jesus took His Apostles to the ten cities, across the Galilee, also, to minister to the Gentiles; only after delivering the demonaic Gentile Gaderene, those of that Gentile region asked Jesus to depart, from fear.
Before that, Jesus ministered to Gentiles in the "Way of the Gentiles" and fed them miraculously, and they gave glory to "The God of Israel" who was not "their" God.
Jesus and the disciples ate with the Gentiles in the Samaritan city for two days -then fed the Gentiles who came to hear Jesus on the mount, after that first trip to the lost of the house of Israel, Jesus took the Gospel to Gentiles.
Jesus sent His Church into all the world for all the age from that season of the Day of Salvation now come, in it's appointed Time, which was promised in Genesis 3:15.
Jesus specifically tells us in Matt 24, that the age ends when all the wicked are removed from earth, and His kingdom is come; which is the Father's kingdom, and then the Father's will is done on earth as it is in heaven.
Until then, the Great commission is in effect for all the Church.
The Great Commission
(Mark 16:14-18; Luke 24:36-49; John 20:19-23; Acts 1:6-8)
16 Then the eleven disciples went away into Galilee, to the mountain which Jesus had appointed for them. 17 When they saw Him, they worshiped Him; but some doubted.
18 And Jesus came and spoke to them, saying, "All authority has been given to Me in heaven and on earth. 19 Go *therefore and make disciples of all GENTILES, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age." *Amen.
-and Jesus did not say to the woman that he was only come to the lost sheep of the house of Israel, for He would have told a lie against the Word of God, spoken by the Father in Isaiah 49 and retold by Simeon and Paul the Apostle; he said to the disciples I am not come "but to" -and to the woman, he spoke a directed, targeted sentence, which was for her, only, and not to others to whom He ministered and spoke.
You do not take Jesus' specific words spoken to specific persons in all the Gospel and try to apply them to all others -and doing so in these two instances is wresting Scripture and crafting words to destruction.
You are taking the first evangelizing trip Jesus sent His twelve on -which He sent them to the "lost sheep of the house of Israel" to, specifically, as the first to be offered the Feast of the Father's banquet prepared for the Son's wedding, in it's season of appointment-and you are claiming that "nothing else happene" -they're all stuck in the MAD wrestings, back in those areas only -but Scripture proves MAD doctrine false, for they were not stuck and they did go to the Gentiles in Jesus' day -and after his resurrection; "They' includes all the Church who were joined to the Church and who were scattered by the persecutions into all the nations.
Not all the house of Israel was lost, and to that "House' all Believers are grafted in, as Jesus is "Israel" Firstborn in the New Man creation human being, [Isaiah 49], Come in Flesh as the Foundation Stone of that House [Isaiah 49; Haggai 2]! The Apostles were not lost; the disciples were not lost! "Jews first, then the Gentiles"! -in Jesus lifetime on earth -and by His command after His resurrection.