Since when was it the state's job, from a Christian perspective, to provide equality? This is simply applying liberal American political doctrine to Christian practice and is no way the historical norm or practice of the Church or any theory of Christian Statecraft. It owes more to the enlightenment than it does to the bible or any theological reasoning.
It's the state's job to maintain order in a fallen world. Paul explicitly points out that God has given the king to use the sword to maintain order...but if the king's authority order extends upward to the extreme of the sword (and scripture says it does), then it also descends downward to actions short of bloodshed.
Caesar, even in Paul's day, permitted abortion but controlled divorce. Caesar had a public welfare program (because it was considered shameful for a Roman citizen to beg...but also because it mollified dissent). Caesar built roads and many civic construction projects not only because they enhanced his ability to maintain control but also because it was good for the citizens. Caesar maintained an army and used it as he saw fit.
What did the Body of Christ gain from that? Why did Paul write Romans 13?
A pastor has observed, "Satan moves most easily under the cover of chaos."
I have observed that even under heavy oppression, the Holy Spirit is able to move and the Church is able to function when there is social order. The heavy oppression of centuries of Caesars yet found 25% of Rome becoming Christians. Oppression in China yet finds China the primary "growth market" of Christianity today. Some of the world's worst modern oppression of Christians is in North Korea...yet the Body of Christ in North Korea has grown tenfold since the mid-90s. The common denominator: Social order.
Contrast that with conditions in South Sudan or other areas where Christians are slaughtered by warlords or factions or governments that simply look the other way and do not maintain order. Look at the condition of the Church in Iraq after the strongman was removed. In such conditions, the Body of Christ can barely maintain a foothold, much less grow.
And that's why there is Romans 13.
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