I don't consider that the time used to create the Universe is really of much practical importance for most people. The original Hebrew leaves the first few chapters of Genesis which describe creation to be interpreted in a number of ways, regarding time lapse. I wont go into the details.
I am generally not an advocate of Old Earth Creationism because it seems to me that it can abstract the sacredness and roles of the days of the week. I will use the Sabbath day as an example. If the days were ages, then it would seem that the 7th day was made sacred by God while not being sacred jointly because of how it directly tied in to the creation of the world. In this view, the Sacredness of the Sabbath is quite naturally inherited according to the actions (or lack thereof) performed on that day. If God actually did rest on the 7th day, it helps in my mind to treat it as sacred, rather than believe that the 7th day represents an Age in which God rested and is only Sacred because God decided make that day represent His Age of rest.
Similarly, Christ really did rest in the Tomb on the 7th day after completing His work on Earth (the pinnacle of which was His crucifixion) to restore man. Here, He laid (rested) literally on the Sabbath day from His work, having died and been placed in the Tomb on Friday, and to rise again on Sunday. Christ did not rest in the Tomb for an age. The fact that Christ really did rest in the Tomb for an actual Sabbath sanctifies the day by the act itself. I tend to believe that God sanctified the Sabbath Day in Creation in much the same way.
Further, It would seem a little strange to me for God to sanctify the 7th day to make it represent an Age of many years, yet insist on declaring that God rested and then there was day and night, the 7th day. Using the terminology of night and day jointly with each 'Age' of Creation just seems strange if each day of Creation wasn't meant to be taken as a real day.
However, I can understand the counter argument since now we celebrate Sunday as the 8th day in which we participate in "the Age to come".
I am also wary of Old Earth Creationism because it leaves open speculation about Evolutionary Theory. Evolution does not seem to agree well with the way God creates in the Genesis story. First, the engine that drives evolution is Natural Selection, which requires death. We, as Orthodox Christians, believe that death entered the world through sin. For this reason, the 'scientific' (I think its more pholosophical) "theory" (more of a hypothesis) of Evolution is in direct opposition of Christian Doctrine. If you want to believe that God created all animals through some kind of evolutionary-like method that didnt involve death, I guess thats ok, though it still seems to be at odds with the description of how God created everything else in Genesis. In Genesis, Creation is presented as God speaks, and it is. Period. I haven't devoted much thought to what an evoltionary-like view of creation could lead to in theology if it is adopted by an individual so that it permeates their whole worldview and affects the way they live life. I suspect that it could lead a person to some scary conclusions about the way that God interacts with His Creation, though.
It is important to note that a view of Evolution without death is not supported scientifically and is not the Evolutionary Theory that is promoted in the secular 'scholarly' world. Thus, such a twist on the theory of Evolution is more of a philosophical stance, and even it stands at odds to some degree with what the so-called scholars of the world teach. In this way, adopting Evolutionary theology that would seem to agree with the Church Tradition will put you at odds with the majority of the Patristic Fathers (including John Chrysostom) as well as the secular 'scientists' who have been developing and researching the 'theory'. I don't really see the point in taking such a view.
I would ardently exhort all to hold and defend the view that man is not descended from monkeys or primates, though, considering the other animals (lacking a noetic element) are not of Trinitarian likeness. Believing that man has evolved out of the animistic creation can lead to a lot of terrifying and harmful theological heresies.
It is important always to recognize that science can only explain the world as it is today. The fall of man caused a catastrophic event that, according to Orthodox Teaching, affected all creation in a big way. We know that before the introduction of sin to the material creation, there was no physical death. What else might have changed, and to what degree, we can merely speculate at. Certainly, if God is orderly, anything disorderly or chaotic about the Universe was introduced by sin. Since Holy Orthodox Tradition shows us that there was a major change in creation caused by man's fall, Science simply cannot make statements that project past the fall of man and remain truly Science. That realm is left up to philosophy and theology. For this reason, we must be sure to hold the writings of the Patristic Fathers and our Holy Tradition and our Church's ancient teachings in the first and highest regard when considering such questions relating to the Creation of the world and all that is in it.
However, because it seems many people can make sense of the world in a relatively Orthodox manner while holding either viewpoint on creation, Young Earth or Old Earth, I place little importance on the actual time taken in Creation and more importance on the descriptions of the methods used to bring the world and all that is in it into being. I just recognize that Old Earth Creationism can open wider the door to certain beliefs that, if taken to their logical conclusions, can be salvifically harmful.
If anything I have said here is unOrthodox, correct what I have incorrectly written here in this thread for all to see. I recognize that I have not cited any specific Scripture or Church Fathers, and so willingly open my statements to the scrutiny of more educated individuals of Eastern Orthodox background. I am simply giving my opinions based upon the impressions I have received through attempting to live my life according to what I have received from the Orthodox Church.
I am sorry I had to spend so much time on Evolution when it would seem to many to be a topic that is secondary to the question of Old Earth or Young Earth Creation. I felt it necessary to discuss Evolution in detail to illustrate fully at least one dangerous viewpoint that can take hold through the adoption of the belief of Old Earth Creationism. I also recognize Evolution, alongside modern dating methods, to be among the cheif reasons people feel it necessary to adopt Old Earth Creationism today. For this reason also, I spent a lot of time on Evolution.
Pray for me, an unworthy sinner,
Josiah