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Observed Speciation

Shane Roach

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I think the reason people do not accept "maroeveolution" is because of the way it is presented. Here we have 50 references to texts not available for our general review, and a refusal to explain what each of those texgts actually says that would support macroeveoltionary theory. Then a simple repetition that there is all this proof and therefore no one could possibly disagree.

Why don't you try boiling it down a bit and explaining it?

I talked this stuff over with a friend of mine on a different site. He is a microbiologist. He explained a lot to me, but fundamentally, the difference between arguments like is the earth round and whether or not evolution is the origin of all the species is that while it is a simple thing now to verify the earth's shape, it is impossible to go back in time and verify the vatrious theories on exactly how speciation could have formed all the species we see. It simply cannot be confirmed or falsified, therefore people don't readily believe it. Frankly, even scientists were at first rather skeptical because, after all, it is rather counterintuitive. Much as people were expecting to see a vast and more or less homogenous universe, and Einstein felt the need at one time to alter his calculations to conform with this view, so too do a lot of people find the idea that the plethora of species and variety of life that we see today all eveolved from single cell organizms, and probably one or at the most several of one type of organism, seems a mighty stretch.

I have pretty much given up on ever having another serious conversation on this subject. The very pretense that one does not understand why people object to the thought of macroevolution, or that there is a direct correleation between observable, measureable quantities like the shape of the earth and speculation about the past is absurd on its face. People who believe in God do so because of a combination of observation of their own inner self, the realization that this ability to know and to act may extend outside the self, and the evidence they see in life around them that perhaps there is a greater being out there, causes them to draw this conclusion. I have yet to see a serious approach to this fundamental question in life from an atheist. Even the few I have met who will discuss the naturalistic explanations for consciousness seem to be oblivious to the fact that they are every bit as perilous as the theistic ones as far as having some sort of magic or fiat acceptance by faith of a rather absurd seeming final conclision.

That's life though. I hate to quote Star Trek, (Ok I lie. I love to quote Star Trek!) but when all else has been eliminated, what remains, however unlikely, must be the explanaion. So, you either have a God, or gods, or not, but fundamentally you are stuck with the concept of consciousness and purpose. That, at least, we know exists. The probablities involved in whether or not it is more or less likely that there is a powerfull conscious force that created life or if indeed all life and its diversity developed by mechanistic means seem to me to be impossible to even approach, so I am not even sure why so many people find this discussion worth having at all. The fossil record and the tenuous explantions about all of the past, the creation of the universe, and everything else are only usefull inasmuch as they tend to explain the universe in mechanistic terms, and yet there really is no confirming or falsifying the concept. They have one general idea: that the universe could be mechanistic. So then they comb the data for things that support this theory, and set aside all else, even the constant daily eperience of our own concious choices. And you wonder why I find this less than convincing?
 
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Karl - Liberal Backslider

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ikester7579 said:
O I forgot. Back in the begining they knew the difference between the meaning of 2d and 3d and 4d when describing the shapes of objects. In fact I hear they had 2d 3d video cards and computers that are faster than ours... LOL, your so funny.

And the award for completely missing the point goes to Ikester.

Listen, Ikester, the POINT I was making is that when one is defending a scientific model, such as the sphericity of the earth or evolution, one does not use Scripture to do so. That does not mean that the person defending the scientific model does not believe, respect or read the Scriptures.

I'm going to have to give up being anything other than direct and obvious with some people, aren't I?
 
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J

Jet Black

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Shane Roach said:
it is impossible to go back in time and verify the vatrious theories on exactly how speciation could have formed all the species we see. It simply cannot be confirmed or falsified, therefore people don't readily believe it.
more often than not, people are ignorant of the facts. for example, we hear of much requiesting for transitional fossils (creationists claim these do not exist) and here we have a short informal list of transitionals for Archosauria alone (thanks to someone else on another forum for this, it's not my list).

1. Prolacerta
2. Protorosaurus
3. Proterosuchus
4. Euparkeria
5. Erythrosuchus
6. Riojasuchus
7. Postosuchus
8. Ornithosuchus
9. Gracilisuchus
10. Terrestrisuchus
11. Sphenosuchus
12. Scleromochlus
13. Marasuchus
14. Lagerpeton
15. Staurikosaurus
16. Herrerasaurus
17. Scipionyx
18. Sinovenator
19. Microraptor
20. Sinornithosaurus
21. Huaxiagnathus
22. Sinosauropteryx
23. Beipiaosaurus
24. Alxasaurus
25. Incisivosaurus
26. Shenzhousaurus
27. Caudipteryx
28. Nomingia
29. Protarchaeopteryx
30. Archaeopteryx
31. Rahonavis
32. Confuciusornis
33. Sinornis
34. Iberomesornis
35. Liaoningornis
36. Yanornis
37. Enaliornis
38. Graculavus
39. Telmatornis
40. Cimolopteryx
41. Palintropus
42. Lithornis
43. Palaeotis
44. Juncitarsus
45. Presbyornis
46. Gallinuloides
47. Salmila
48. Procariama
49. Colymboides
50. Psittacopes

so as you can see, verifying something like the shape of the earth is simple, you only need a couple of facts, however documenting the evolutionary path of birds alone takes years of study, and that is just for generic "birds" before we even split them into rattites, gulls, hummingbirds, eagles, parrots, penguins and so on.
 
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Karl - Liberal Backslider

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In what way is the Journal "Science" 'not available for our general review'?

Could I rephrase your first sentence?

I think the reason people do not accept "maroeveolution" is because they can't be ar$ed to review the literature. Here we have 50 references to texts that I can't be bothered to go to the library and read.
 
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lucaspa

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Shane Roach said:
I think the reason people do not accept "maroeveolution" is because of the way it is presented. Here we have 50 references to texts not available for our general review, and a refusal to explain what each of those texgts actually says that would support macroeveoltionary theory. Then a simple repetition that there is all this proof and therefore no one could possibly disagree.

Why don't you try boiling it down a bit and explaining it?
There is no "macroevolutionary theory". Evolution tends to be broken down into two general areas:
1. Changes within a population. This is microevolution.
2. Changes to a population such that there is the formation of a new species and a new lineage. This is macroevolution.

The two are linked. That is, natural selection that causes changes within a population will also, by accumulating those changes, lead to a population generations later that is very different from the original population.

Now, remember that the only reality in biology is species. All 'higher taxa' are simply groups of species. So, once you have observed the formation of a new species, you are done. That's evolution. The transitions from reptile to bird and ape-like ancestor to human are nothing more than many speciations spread thru time.

I talked this stuff over with a friend of mine on a different site. He is a microbiologist. He explained a lot to me, but fundamentally, the difference between arguments like is the earth round and whether or not evolution is the origin of all the species is that while it is a simple thing now to verify the earth's shape, it is impossible to go back in time and verify the vatrious theories on exactly how speciation could have formed all the species we see.
Apples and oranges. You have mixed two separate ideas:
1. That all species share common ancestors.
2. The exact mechanisms of evolution.

Yes, we can confirm that all species share common ancestors. That has been done by a number of different routes, starting with comparative morphology that led to the nested hierarchy of classification. The most recent test is phylogenetic analysis which shows that DNA sequences at all levels of biology are related by historical connections. Common ancestry. Notice that phylogenetic analysis could have falsified evolution here.

The exact lineage of every species has not, and never will be, completely known. Some are known, which supports evolution and falsifies creationism. But there are gaps in the fossil record and there is no way around that missing data.

Frankly, even scientists were at first rather skeptical because, after all, it is rather counterintuitive.
The skepticism arose because the hereditary mechanism of the time -- blended characteristics -- didn't allow natural selection. However, once Mendelian genetics were discovered, evolution was universally accepted among biologists.

so too do a lot of people find the idea that the plethora of species and variety of life that we see today all eveolved from single cell organizms, and probably one or at the most several of one type of organism, seems a mighty stretch.
Argument from Personal Incredulity. Not much of an argument.

People who believe in God do so because of a combination of observation of their own inner self, the realization that this ability to know and to act may extend outside the self, and the evidence they see in life around them that perhaps there is a greater being out there, causes them to draw this conclusion. I have yet to see a serious approach to this fundamental question in life from an atheist.
But we aren't talking about atheism in the OP, are we? We're only talking about observed speciation. Evolution is not atheism!

Even the few I have met who will discuss the naturalistic explanations for consciousness seem to be oblivious to the fact that they are every bit as perilous as the theistic ones as far as having some sort of magic or fiat acceptance by faith of a rather absurd seeming final conclision.
Read Daniel Dennett's Consciousness Explained and Darwin's Dangerous Idea. However, it seems that you are working on god-of-the-gaps theology. You need some type of "gap" to insert God into. That theology doesn't carry much weight with the theists here.

I hate to quote Star Trek, (Ok I lie. I love to quote Star Trek!) but when all else has been eliminated, what remains, however unlikely, must be the explanaion.
:sigh: That's not Star Trek, that's Arthur Conan Doyle thru his character Sherlock Holmes.

The probablities involved in whether or not it is more or less likely that there is a powerfull conscious force that created life or if indeed all life and its diversity developed by mechanistic means seem to me to be impossible to even approach,
And why can't the "conscius force" have used mechanistic means?

The fossil record and the tenuous explantions about all of the past, the creation of the universe, and everything else are only usefull inasmuch as they tend to explain the universe in mechanistic terms, and yet there really is no confirming or falsifying the concept.
Yep, god-of-the-gaps. If you dislike atheism so much, why are you adopting the basic statement of faith of atheism: natural/mechanistic = without God. ?
 
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lucaspa

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Shane wanted some discussions of some of the papers on speciation. OK. We'll start with this one. (BTW, some are on the web; did anyone look those up?)

Speciation in action Science 72:700-701, 1996
What happened was that the researchers produced in the greenhouse the genetic changes leading to the formation of a naturally occurring species of sunflower. The species is Helianthus anomalus and molecular evidence suggested it was formed by recombinational speciation of H.annuus and H. petiolarus. This is a process in which two species hybridize, and the mixed genome of the hybrid becomes a third species that is reproductively isolated from its ancestors.
So what the researchers did was hybridize H. annuus and H. petiolarus and produced 3 independent hybrid lines undergoing different regimes of mating to siblings and backcrossing to H. annuus. After 5 generations the DNA was analyzed for comparison to the wild type and to see which ancestral genes persisted in the hybrids. It matched with the wild type. Remarkably, despite the different crossing regimes, all 3 lines converged to nearly the identical gene combinations. The gene recombinations were complex, but repeatable in all 3 hybrid lines.
The fact that the genes in the lab hybrid matched wild H. anomalus indicates that artificial selection and natural selection both selected many genes for fertility rather than adaptations to the environment.
The fact that all 3 hybrid lines converged to nearly identical genetic content and these matched the wild type (a 4th hybrid line) shows that several paths of evolution in this case reach the same point.
 
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MSBS

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bevets said:
The opposite truth has been affirmed by innumerable cases of measurable evolution at this minimal scale-but, to be visible at all over so short a span, evolution must be far too rapid (and transient) to serve as the basis for major transformations in geological time. Hence, the “paradox of the visibly irrelevant”-or, if you can see it at all, it’s too fast to matter in the long run. ~ Stephen Jay Gould


You should not confuse scientific observation with the evolutionary mythology.
Yawn. The quote, in context. :wave:

Nonetheless, the claim that evolution must be too slow to see can only rank as an urban legend -- although not a completely harmless tale in this case,for our creationist incubi can then use the fallacy as an argument against evolution at any scale, and many folks take them seriously because they just "know" that evolution can never be seen in the immediate here and now. In fact, a precisely opposite situation prevails: biologists have documented a veritable glut of cases for rapid and eminently measurable evolution on timescales of years and decades.

However, this plethora of documents -- while important for itself, and surely valid as a general confirmation for the proposition that organisms evolve -- teaches us rather little about rates and patterns of evolution at the geological scales that build the history and taxonomic structure of life. The situation is wonderfully ironic -- a point that I have tried to capture in the title of this article. The urban legend holds that evolution is too slow to document in palpable human lifetimes. The opposite truth has been a firmed by innumerable cases of measurable evolution at this minimal scale -- but, to be visible at all over so short a span, evolution must be far too rapid (and transient) to serve as the basis for major transformations in geological time. Hence, the "paradox of the visibly irrelevant" -- or, if you can see it at all, it's too fast to matter in the long run.

Our best and most numerous cases have been documented for the dominant and most evolutionarily active organisms on our planet -- bacteria. In the most impressive of recent examples, Richard E. Lenski and Michael Travisano (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 91, 1994) monitored evolutionary change for 10,000 generations in twelve laboratory populations of the common human gut bacterium, Escherichia coli. By placing an twelve populations in identical environments, they could study evolution under ideal experimental conditions of replication -- a rarity for the complex and unique events of evolutionary transformation in nature. In a fascinating set of results, they found that each population reacted and changed differently, even within environments made as identical as human observers know how to do. Yet, Lenski and Travisano did observe some important and repeated patterns within the diversity. For example, each population increased rapidly in average cell size for the first 2,000 generations or so, but then remained nearly stable for the last 5,000 generations.

...

But transient blips and fillips are no less important than major trends in the total "scheme of things." Both represent evolution operating at a standard and appropriate measure for a particular scale and time -- Trinidadian blips for the smallest and most local moment, faces from fish to human for the largest and most global frame. One scale doesn't translate into another. No single scale is more important than any other; none operates as a basic model for all the others. Each has something precious and unique to teach us; none is superior or primary. (Guppies and lizards, in their exposition of
momentary detail, give us insight, unobtainable at broader scales, into the actual mechanics of adaptation, natural selection, and genetic change.)
 
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J

Jet Black

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jobob said:
But that court has a bias for evolution anyway........

That wouldnt be permitted in a true court........
have you ever seen a proper scientific argument? with two scientific groups contesting some minor point, such as whether rattites became flightless once, or more than once? If a scientist gets the opportunity to go for the jugular of some others' arguments, they DO! believe me, if any scientist could expose evolution as a huge misconceptoin, they would do.
 
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jobob

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Jet Black said:
have you ever seen a proper scientific argument? with two scientific groups contesting some minor point, such as whether rattites became flightless once, or more than once? If a scientist gets the opportunity to go for the jugular of some others' arguments, they DO! believe me, if any scientist could expose evolution as a huge misconceptoin, they would do.

Sorry......... but are you truley asking me to believe that anyone of those scientist in that ''court'' would do anything to try to DISPROVE their theory of evolution?

That laughable at best........... they will all find someway to make it fit evolution .......
Just as we creationist do the same....

YOure foolin your self if you think otherwise............
 
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Arikay

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Um, Prove it. (to prove it you would have to show that there is a lean towards evolution no matter what the evidence, such as statements that evolution is the perfect truth and can never be wrong, etc.)

Since you have decided that a biased court is a bad one, it might be of interest to note that creationist groups such as AiG require their members to ignore all evidence that contradicts creationism. Then there is a creationist journals that claim to be peer review journals but you have to agree that creationism is true before your allowed to submit a paper or review a paper.

jobob said:
But that court has a bias for evolution anyway........

That wouldnt be permitted in a true court........
 
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jobob

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Arikay said:
Um, Prove it. (to prove it you would have to show that there is a lean towards evolution no matter what the evidence, such as statements that evolution is the perfect truth and can never be wrong, etc.)

Since you have decided that a biased court is a bad one, it might be of interest to note that creationist groups such as AiG require their members to ignore all evidence that contradicts creationism. Then there is a creationist journals that claim to be peer review journals but you have to agree that creationism is true before your allowed to submit a paper or review a paper.
'prove it':D........... now you sound like FOC:D

I agree..........
we set aside that which we dont understand till we do.

You do know that science does the exact same thing, right?

they dont have answers to every piece of data out there.......... they take time fitting it into theory just like we take time on issues trying to understand how it fits into our ''theory''.
 
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Arikay

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Well you did make the claim, so i assumed that ment you had evidence for it, silly me. :)

To repeat myself, its not about fitting it into a theory, its about creationist groups ignoring data because they don't like it, and me having proof that their science journals are biased and practice bad science.


jobob said:
'prove it':D........... now you sound like FOC:D

I agree..........
we set aside that which we dont understand till we do.

You do know that science does the exact same thing, right?

they dont have answers to every piece of data out there.......... they take time fitting it into theory just like we take time on issues trying to understand how it fits into our ''theory''.
 
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MSBS

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Herman Hedning said:
For those who don't know what will happen at the rapture, I can recommend a fantastic book Job: A Comedy of Justice by that master of short stories Robert A. Henlein. Here you will even get to know what happens to the righteous after they arrive in heaven. Hint: it ain't that great.
As much as I love Heinlein, Job wasn't one of his better books. It had it's moments, but it was a little long winded and the ending was weak. His earlier stuff was much better, say Starship Troopers or Stranger in a Strange Land. And If this goes on... (short story) makes a better point about religous fundementalism then Job: A Comedy of Justice ever did. :)
 
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jobob

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Arikay said:
Well you did make the claim, so i assumed that ment you had evidence for it, silly me. :)

To repeat myself, its not about fitting it into a theory, its about creationist groups ignoring data because they don't like it, and me having proof that their science journals are biased and practice bad science.

I see......so creationists are totally ignoring data when they set it aside over not completely understanding yet but scientists seem to be permitted this luxury......... double standard......no?
 
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Split Rock

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jobob said:
Sorry......... but are you truley asking me to believe that anyone of those scientist in that ''court'' would do anything to try to DISPROVE their theory of evolution?

That laughable at best........... they will all find someway to make it fit evolution .......
Just as we creationist do the same....

YOure foolin your self if you think otherwise............

This goes to the heart of many creationist's thought processes... "Everyone is biased to some degree, therefore If I am really, really biased, then so is everyone else." Creationists base everything on their bias, and have NO mechanism to offset that bias. In science, we recognize that everyone has biases, but those biases are discouraged and mechanisms (such as a critical peer-review process) are put in place to correct for biases. I remember one YEC tell me that he would believe anything that supported his "world view," JUST LIKE I would. He could not conceive of anyone looking critically at ALL evidence, regardless of whether it supports our own ideas or not. Yet, this is how scientists are trained to view evidence, and it is this kind of thinking that creationists don't understand.
 
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Arikay

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Nope, not a double standard. They don't set it asside for later review, they ignore it, or make false claims about it. I get the feeling you haven't even read the statements of faith I am talking about, so may I suggest going and doing so now.

jobob said:
I see......so creationists are totally ignoring data when they set it aside over not completely understanding yet but scientists seem to be permitted this luxury......... double standard......no?
 
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J

Jet Black

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jobob said:
I see......so creationists are totally ignoring data when they set it aside over not completely understanding yet but scientists seem to be permitted this luxury......... double standard......no?
lol, not when the data completely contradicts your point you aren't permitted this luxury. something creationists do with abundance.
 
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jobob

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Jet Black said:
lol, not when the data completely contradicts your point you aren't permitted this luxury. something creationists do with abundance.

Hmm........ so if you were shown a piece of data that contradicts the remotest possibily that life could come into being by chance all those years ago then you would reevaluate what you believe about evolution ?

And are you implying that science can fit EVERY piece of evidence into Evolution theory,.....that not one peice of data found would make life happening by chance seemingly impossible?
 
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