No, by God's standards, there is no such thing as divorce. Henry knew this and that is why he petitioned for an annulment declaring that his marriage had been invalid. The whole argument was scandalous to Catherine who was much beloved by the people.
The fact that Catherine died in a convent far away from the magisterial drama prior to his marriage to Jane Seymour does not negate in any way his guilt and his treachery. Until the day of Catherine's death, King Henry had no right to marry Anne Boleyn. Events that occurred afterwards were just as troublesome.
Though a king has every right to execute justice in his kingdom, including capital punishment, there is no doubt that he exercised this authority just like King David did when he sent Uriah to the front-lines to take his wife. You would say that David did no wrong because Bathsheba's husband had died in a perfectly legit way in battle and so they were free to marry. But God declared otherwise and judged him harshly. As far as canon law is concerned, it is an impediment to marriage that one party killed the previous spouse in order to marry someone else which thus renders the marriage to Jane Seymour also invalid.
A ruling of annulment is a finding of fact, not a dissolution. The supposed facts were undeniably false and scandalous. The people knew it, Catherine knew it, Henry knew it and God knew it. Lying to get your way doesn't make it true. The reason the pope refused the annulment was because there was no case.
Henry forced the clergy to assent to his headship of the church and to recognize the illicit and invalid annulment of his 24 year marriage with Catherine of Aragon.
St. Thomas More died rather than assent to this blasphemy and treachery (even though he wouldn't attack the king for it either). Ironically, I found a children's book of saints at my Anglican parish that had the name of the parochial school scrawled on the cover and the very last saint in the book was St. Thomas More.
St. Thomas More, ora pro nobis!