The only problem I have with mathematics being used to create or form the universe, which we later discover, is that our number system is based on our 10 fingers. If we had 8 fingers, or 12 fingers, then the base digit system would result in completely different patterns of use. By this I mean 1-8, then 10-18, then 20-28, etcetera would lead us to different mathematical discoveries.
Decimal numbers are just the base notation our culture happens to use (although we can use other bases for different situations - binary, octal, and hexadecimal for digital computing, for example). Other cultures have used bases other than 10 - the Chinese used hexadecimal; in olde England we used to use duodecimal (base 12 - a dozen, a gross, 1 foot = 12 inches, etc); the Babylonians used sexagesimal (base 60). The last two are arguably more convenient than decimal for calculations, with 12 being usefully divisible by 2,3,4, and 6, and 60 by 2,3,4,5,6,10,12,15,20, and 30, whereas 10 has only 2 and 5.
The number base doesn't make a significant difference to mathematics; e.g. primes are still primes whatever the number base.
I have a hard time believing that we as humans discover mathematical patterns. It makes much more sense to me that we created them.
There's a good argument that we derive or abstract the foundations of mathematics from our experience of the natural world - in counting, logic, etc.; The Fibonnacci sequence, the Golden Ratio, pi, fractals, and many other mathematical entities are also to be found in the natural world. Once you establish the basic axioms and formalise the system, you can take it much further.
The physicist Eugene Wigner once published an article called "
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences":
"The miracle of the appropriateness of the language of mathematics for the formulation of the laws of physics is a wonderful gift which we neither understand nor deserve. We should be grateful for it and hope that it will remain valid in future research and that it will extend, for better or for worse, to our pleasure, even though perhaps also to our bafflement, to wide branches of learning."