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Is there an absolute morality?

Kylie

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Yes so we do want to save humans in general when faced with the real situation. What happens if you keep going and come across another child thats not yours. You will probably save them as well even if that came at the cost of your own child in the end. We cannot deny the moral truth that we value "Life" intrinsically, not just because it brings us happiness, not just because its a particular life. Not for any other value reason apart from "Life"itself.

PS I am not saying you don't put your child first. Just pointing out what happens in reality. If we were to find a strangers child and walked away from them crying and choking in the smoke we could not live with ourselves even if we managed to save our child instead.

The fact that I find value in life, both my life and the lives of others, does not mean "life has value" is an objective fact.

So is it an objective fact that these moral wrongs of rape, murder and stealing cause hardships or not.

It's typical enough that I'll say yes. Rape, murder, stealing all cause some degree of hardship.

Now let me say it again:

The amount of hardship is subjective.

Its not a case of definition but justification for believing its true. This is epistemics and we can justify knowledge and beliefs as being true based on an assessment of our efforts investigate alternative possibilities. If the belief stands up after maximizing our efforst to do this then we are justified to believe it to be true.

Some things have already been subjected to this process and are seen as prima facie truths such as "Life" being intrinsically valuable and other values such as Human Rights. They don't need to be reasoned as they already pass the tesr.

So you claim "life has inherent value" as an axiom, yet you don't justify claiming it is an axiom, and you repeatedly refuse to answer questions that such a claim leads to.

In the course of life and the circumstances that happen all lives are not valued the same. If someone breaks the law and ends up in prison which causes them a less valuable life then that was because of what happened during a life lived.

So, how do we OBJECTIVELY determine how much value a life has?

But this doesn't devalue their natural human right to life which is based on "life" itself being of value without any other reason to make it valuable. You seem to find this concept hard to grasp.

So why is it that the only thing that seems to treat life as having any value is people?

I'll tell you why: because the idea that life has intrinsic value is a subjective Human idea.

So whats your point. How does enforcing codes onto companies negate that the codes are laws and objective. The fact that only one set of moral codes are viewed as being true seems to be over riding all other subjective views.

If all moral views are equal under a subjective/relative system then a government has no right to force one specific moral view onto companies and companies have no right to force this onto their employees. So a relative/subjective moral system is living a contradictory moral reality

Are you really playing this game again?

Your cry of, "If morality is subjective, we should be willing to let other moral ideas exist, even if we disagree, and let people rape and murder if they think it's the morally right thing to do" is old and tired.

I've responded to it many times. You obviously haven't bothered to read my reply to it. Since you didn't read it before, I don't see why you'd read it now, and these intellectually dishonest games you are playing are getting boring and tiresome.

The fact is when it comes to morality we see a small and universal set of moral truths such as with Human Rights for which we are trying to weed out those wrong acts like desrimnination against females. Just because a culture acts differently doesn't make it morally right.

The fact that we can stand on something like Human Rights and say that the culture descriminating against little girls is morally wrong is our basis that that culture is just plain wrong in an objective way.

Once again, you claim that morality is objective without offering any support.

Repeating your claims does not make them true.

No everyone has inalienable rights to life regardless of age, race, or whatever. We cannot kill an old person because they are old in the same way we cannot kill a child because they are young.

What your talking about is something completely different such as a moral dilemma in choosing one life over another in a specific setting for which we need to consider. But for the value of "Life" itself without all those specific added contexts everyones "Life" is of value just because its human "Life".

I'm not asking who you would kill. I wasn't talking about choosing one to die at all. Are you reduced to obvious strawman arguments now as an attempt to hide the fact you are incapable of answering the question?

Thats not even an objection to what I just explained.

No, it's pointing out that you use flawed arguments, treating it like a dichotomy when it isn't.

Unless there is some specific circumstance you want to apply this to I would have to say that both lives are of equal value.

Show me how you OBJECTIVELY determined this.

We don't just kill old people because we think they are of less value because they only have a few years to live. We think that old people are still of value and worth it even if their life is harder and they have less time to live. Otherwise we would have squads going around collecting old people because they are less valuable and eliminating them.

I'm not asking you to choose one for death, for crying out loud!

So what is the proof for Math apart from an assumption its correct. Its an abstract idea and there is nothing physical about Math. So whats this proof for Math. Morality is also abstract and theres no physical thing to pick up and measure. Why can't morality work like Math truths.

Why can't it? Well, why don't you show us how it can, mmm? Do more than just say, "Well, maybe it works that way." Put your money where your mouth is.

Ok so its obvious that 1+1=2 agree. 1+1=3 is wrong, agreed. So rape = being wrong is an obvious truth. Rape = being morally good is like 1+1=3. There is no way you can say rape is good. Its impossible to = being good. Unless you can come up with some explanation why rape = being good then there is no such thing. Its like trying to come up with an explanation why 1+1=3 is correct.

No. Claiming that something is obvious is not a proof. I showed you a proof that 1+1=2, so there's no need to rely on the "it's just obvious" argument. Yet that's all you can do for morality.

I could go to a Star Trek convention and say, "It's obvious that Star Trek is better than Star Wars, and everyone there would agree with me. That doesn't make it true.

But thats just an equation made up be humans. You would have been better using the example of placing 1 apple on a table and then adding another apple to show there is now 2 apples. But the formula is abstract and just because we write down some formula doesn't make it objective. Its just writing on some blackboard created by humans.

Yeah, you have no idea how mathematical proof works, do you?

No they don't put different values on the variables. As we see witrh "killing in self defence". There is a a set criteria for what is "killing in self defence". There is a set criteria for 1st degree murder. If a person kills someone to protect their family then that is clearly different to someone who has planned and plotted to kill someone out of revenge.

Okay, a person acts in self defence and the other person ends up dead. Is that morally right or wrong. Show your working.

It doesn't matter how they achieve that "functioning society". The point is they all think a functioning society is a good basis for morality.

So what? The fact that there are numerous ways have a functioning society means there is no one objectively best way of doing it. Otherwise all societies would be the same, or you could show that Society A is better than Society B.

For example different cultures have different ways of greeting people. But that doesn't change the moral truth that greeting people with repsect. Some may kiss the person on the cheek, some may embrace, others may bow and in the west we shake hands. But they all represent the moral truth of showing repsect for others when we greet them.

And there are cultures that would find the concept of kissing on the lips deeply disgusting. Perhaps we are objectively morally wrong for kissing. You're the expert in objective morality, show us the moral equation that shows us if kissing is morally right or morally wrong.

Justice is justice. Its the act of bringin the person to Justice. What your talking about is degrees of punishment. But Justice has already been down by apprehending the person in the first place. If there was no justice then why even bother to apprehend people for doing wrong. You can't see the forest through the trees.

Person arrested = justice has been served?

Okay. So a rape victim reports the crime, her rapist is arrested, goes to court, and is found innocent and released. Does the rape victim say, "He was apprehended, so justice was served"? Of course not.
 
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Kylie

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I never said that. I said that society is being forced to accept and go along with SSM regardless of subjective views.

No they aren't. Show me where people are being forced to attend or participate in SSM against their will. Are people being forced to get married to people of the same gender?

Actually it is because TV shows are completely different to morals. There is no law legislating that society should make certain TV shows law.

"Yeah, but that's different" is a spectacularly weak argument.

Find a better one.

And there's no law that legislates a society must make certain moralities law either.

The point is you accept and support the system that stops/prevents stealing. That doesnt mean you have to personally go around keeping that moral system upheld yourself. But you do know that what person B did was wrong even if petty. You know that petty crime leads to greate crime and that moral norms and laws will maintain peace and order in society. Thats why nearly all societies have similar moral norms because they work.

Yes, that person who stole the $1 coin today might be stealing cars and planes tomorrow, and then investor fraud! Insider trading! Drug dealing! Oh, if only I had reported them for stealing that one dollar coin!

Why reject people who hold those views if they have done nothing wrong and are only expressing their different and opposing subjective view. Its like rejecting people out of society for liking peas.

Are you for real?

The guy who lives next door to you tells you that he doesn't think there's anything wrong with breaking into a neighbour's house and killing them. He's never actually DONE it, but he thinks it's perfectly acceptable to do it.

Would you feel comfortable with that?

You have not dealt with this. As far as I remember you just said "its because we all live in societies that agree with these moral truths". That is not an explanation. Just being conditioned to have certain morals assumes that the conditioned morals are correct in the first place. What if a society is conditioned to like rape. Under your analogy rape would be morally good because society was conditioned to think that. They are only acting according to their conditioning.

So we need more than just conditioning. We need an evaluation judgement as to whether that conditioning is truthfully right or wrong. That is why the UN condemns cultures for certain wrong practices regardless of their cultural conditioning. Thats because there is a core set of moral truths that underpin Human Rights that applies to all cultures.

It's a bit hypocritical for you to complain I haven't given a good justification for my position when you've never provided one for yours.

Stealing harms individuals and society and there is scientific evidence for this. Harming society devalues human "life" which is an inalienable Human Right which is based on the justified belief that stands up epistemically.

I've already told you God only knows how many times that the harm experienced by a victim is subjective, not objective.

Yes I have epistemically. If we are proper investigators then we will understand the intrinsic value of life and that there are certain moral truths that stem from this. Its the same rational for why we have Human Rights and laws. I'm not the first to go down this track and many good people have done the same and they all come to the same conclusion. So its a justified belief.

Nah, you haven't. Your claim that human life has intrinsic value is a subjective opinion.

Thats a logical fallacy. Your giving up on even trying to investigate based on an assumption that its too hard. Why can't we even try to investigate things. Fir example we can say that not mugging someone is better than mugging them because it brings a lot of trouble and harm. We try acting that way and we find it works pretty good. We can say that treating a child with kindness is a better way to behave than neglecting them. We can look at research which shows that kindly treated jkids fair better.

We can begin to eliminate the subjective thinking by testing out different behaviours to see which is better/best behavoiur. We may not always find the best way to behave (but often we do) but at least we can take a step in the right direction and define what is a better way to behave than other ways of behaving. I think its common sense.

By all means, go ahead.

I agree that not mugging someone is better than mugging them.

I'm just saying that you have not proved your point of view that moral claims are OBJECTIVE statements.
 
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Kylie

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But when we are looking back on past acts and claiming they were wrong in the light of todays morals is an evaluative judgement. We cannot claim those past acts are wrong if there is no objective measure of what wrong is that we are moving away from and towards some moral truth.

Utter nonsense. We don't need an objective standard to reach that conclusion. I can look back at the poetry I wrote in school and see that it's absolutely terrible. Yet I don't need an objective standard by which to measure poetry quality to do so.

To use the basis that acts cause harm and that doesn't change is the objective basis. We are saying past acts are wrong because they caused harm. Without that basis then past acts are just different acts like different tastes in fashion. They are not morlaly wrong.

And I've agreed numerous times that we can determine if an act has objectively caused harm, haven't I? That's not what I'm disputing. I'm saying that the AMOUNT of harm experienced is subjective - different for every person, because it depends on the person, and that is subjective.

Didnt you say companies are only forced to conform with ethical codes and they don't really care about their employees as far as ethics is concerned.

Yeah, so?

Were your unsupported claims supposed to prove something?

Already answered this. According to Human Rights which is reasoned and justified all humans have equal value regardless of gender, age, race ect.

Article 1
All human beings are born free and equal.
Article 2
Everyone should have all of the rights and freedoms in this statement, no matter what race, sex, or color he or she may be.
Article 3
Everyone has the right to live, to be free, and to feel safe.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights Regular English Version

So if you could rescue one of these people and leave the other one to die, would you be unable to decide?

Its not wishy washy but a specific and clear set of Rights and laws.

You said, "Well obviously its based on human "Life" being intrinsically valuable. With that comes certain other values such as with Human Rights. So I guess the first place to look for a definition is there."

You only GUESS that this is where to start a search?

Like I said, wishy washy and vague. Your guesses, and only the first step.

I asked you to provide a specific answer and to show your working, and you give me some vague advice about a first step.

Like I said the working out about the value of human "life" has already been done with Human Righst and other laws and ethical codes we have installed and universially acknowledge. There are rational reasons why we have a specific set of Human Rights and laws

Preamble

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
Universal Declaration of Human Rights | United Nations

Human rights are needed to protect and preserve every individual's humanity, to ensure that every individual can live a life of dignity and a life that is worthy of a human being
Questions and answers about Human Rights

Throughout history, concepts of ethical behaviour, justice and human dignity have been important in the development of human societies.

The promotion and protection of human rights became a fundamental objective of the Allied powers. In 1941, U.S. President Roosevelt proclaimed the 'Four Freedoms' that people everywhere in the world ought to enjoy - freedom of speech and belief, and freedom from want and fear.

Values of tolerance, equality and respect can help reduce friction within society. Putting human rights ideas into practice can helps us create the kind of society we want to live in. Human rights are an important part of how people interact with others at all levels in society - in the family, the community, schools, the workplace, in politics and in international relations.

https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/education/introduction-human-rights#:~:text=They recognise our freedom to,world have agreed are essential.

These are all rational and objective reasons.

Okay.

Tell me why it is objectively required to preserve an individual's humanity.

I may very well be the basis for morality. That still makes it objective as its a hard wired biological basis which can be shown as fact.

I assume you meant "IT", referring to evolution, not "I" there.

But evolution doesn't create something that is objectively the best. It simply works with what's available to it.

I mean, if evolution produced what is objectively the best, we wouldn't be so easy to suffocate when food gets caught in our throats.
 
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Chriliman

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How can my morals align with the facts if there are no objective moral facts?

Can you show that there are no objective moral facts?

Because I can show that there can be. For example:
An innocent person asks you not to violate them. So what are the moral facts?
Moral Fact 1: Innocent person
Moral Fact 2: Asking you not to violate them

Now explain how it wouldn't be factually wrong to go ahead and violate them anyway?
 
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durangodawood

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Uh, I didn't use the word "objective". So no, it doesn't depend on a word I didn't use.
Sorry, I fail to explain I was relating back to the subtopic at hand: whether introspection can reveal "objective" facts.
 
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durangodawood

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I don't think it's objective. A starving man would value a sandwich much more than a man who has just eaten a large meal.
I fail to see how the natural fluctuations in the visceral feelings that accompany a value make it any less objective.

We value being fed. Evidence: we eat regularly and ensure we will have ongoing access to food. We prepare for this even in moments when we're not feeling hunger.
 
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Amittai

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I'm saying that the AMOUNT of harm experienced is subjective - different for every person, because it depends on the person, and that is subjective.

1. What is, asks our respect. That is my version of "Is > Ought".

2. Testimony is evidence, therefore the subjective contributes to the objective.

3. Much good is done by pondering the phenomenology of differentiated experience. Much good is done by degrees of inference by everyone.

4. This has not got to do with "God" for those who don't have a use for "Him"; nor with bossiness for anyone.

The fact that I find value in life, both my life and the lives of others, does not mean "life has value" is an objective fact.

Why not? Are your observations so worthless?
 
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stevevw

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No they aren't. Show me where people are being forced to attend or participate in SSM against their will. Are people being forced to get married to people of the same gender?
I think we should change the topic as its hard to get into the details.

"Yeah, but that's different" is a spectacularly weak argument.

Find a better one.
But you have used TV shows as an anology for morality many times.

And there's no law that legislates a society must make certain moralities law either.
What about laws against stealing, rape, murder, descrimination, sexual harassment, equality, ect. Heck theres even laws against speaking certain words that are deemed morally wrong. You can get sacked for just expressing a personal view. I mean you don't see laws stopping people from expressing their personal views about TV shows or preference for brussel sprouts lol.

Are you for real?

The guy who lives next door to you tells you that he doesn't think there's anything wrong with breaking into a neighbour's house and killing them. He's never actually DONE it, but he thinks it's perfectly acceptable to do it.

Would you feel comfortable with that?
Why he's only expressing his personal subjective view, its not wrong. I may not feel comfortable with that but his view is just one of many views out there that has equal rights to be expressed as there is no moral truths under a subjective/relative system.

On what basis can you say they are wrong if you have no basis to determine what is wrong and everything is about feelings or opinions. Feelings and opinions cannot be wrong. They are just a different feeling or opinion to you.

It's a bit hypocritical for you to complain I haven't given a good justification for my position when you've never provided one for yours.
If we look at any world body or national laws we find that as a society, nation and world we have a small set of specific moral truths that we have made Rights and laws. This means that only one set of moral view is allowed and any deviation from this is not acceptable. These Rights and Laws have been made inalienable so they cannot be subject to subjective/relative views.

I am not saying that this is evidence alone for objective morals. But its more consistent with objective morality. If you want to use conditioning as evidence for relative morality then the evdience I am claiming is no different.

I've already told you God only knows how many times that the harm experienced by a victim is subjective, not objective.
I have already acknowledged this. What I wanted to know is how that relates to the objective event of rape happening.

Nah, you haven't. Your claim that human life has intrinsic value is a subjective opinion.
Then if its subjective then why doesn't world bodies like the UN not allow an subjective/relative views that devalue life. If it was determined by subjective/relative views then Human Rights are forcing their personal subjective views onto the world. Its like they have declared that everyone should like Star Wars and brussel sprouts and all other preferences are ruled out.

That doesn't sound like a subjective/relative system but rather either the UN and most nations are being dictators or that they believe that Human Rights and other laws protecting and respecting "Life" are universial law and justified to be true.

By all means, go ahead.

I agree that not mugging someone is better than mugging them.

I'm just saying that you have not proved your point of view that moral claims are OBJECTIVE statements.
Well perhaps thats because your expectation of what evidence should be is all wrong. Your looking for the knock down evdience of science like in a test tube. Well that ain't gonna happen when it comes to morality. The evdience is in how we live morality out in real life. There is no other way.

So its good you agree that not mugging people is a better way to behave than mugging them. We have already worked out one subjective view of behaviour that we can disregard as wrong. So if someone says I think mugging is the best way for humans to behave we can say they are objectively wrong.

We could probably come up with a bit of a list for how we can behave in better ways morally using this method.
 
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Amittai

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So why is it that the only thing that seems to treat life as having any value is people?

I'll tell you why: because the idea that life has intrinsic value is a subjective Human idea.

Animals' biodiversity and instincts demonstrate it in a far simpler way.

"Absolute" is a metaphor for "approximation to absolute".

I've skipped 1,200 posts but I will say any ideology that devalues me in the name of a power bigger than me frightens me.

How do you understand the power equation?
 
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Moral Orel

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Sorry, I fail to explain I was relating back to the subtopic at hand: whether introspection can reveal "objective" facts.
And like I said, it's silly to claim you might not know what you like and dislike. If introspection can't reveal objective facts, then you don't know anything about yourself. And that's ridiculous.
 
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durangodawood

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And like I said, it's silly to claim you might not know what you like and dislike. If introspection can't reveal objective facts, then you don't know anything about yourself. And that's ridiculous.
Im sure we can agree on the states of mind that introspection can reveal. Our disagreement is about whether its best to call them objective or subjective.

I presented the wikip statement to show a common understanding of objectivity. Here it is again for reference.

In philosophy, objectivity is the concept of truth independent from individual subjectivity. A proposition is considered to have objective truth when its truth conditions are met without bias caused by a sentient subject. Scientific objectivity refers to the ability to judge without partiality or external influence.

I question whether introspection is free from subjectivity. It seems almost absurd to suggest so.
 
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Moral Orel

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Can you show that there are no objective moral facts?

Because I can show that there can be. For example:
An innocent person asks you not to violate them. So what are the moral facts?
Moral Fact 1: Innocent person
Moral Fact 2: Asking you not to violate them

Now explain how it wouldn't be factually wrong to go ahead and violate them anyway?
Those aren't "moral facts". A "moral fact" is a moral that is a fact. It is not a fact that is involved in typical moral judgements. Any moral fact is going to prescribe the correct behavior to choose in a given situation. That a person has done no moral wrong is not a moral fact. That a person has made a statement is not a moral fact.
 
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Moral Orel

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Im sure we can agree on the states of mind that introspection can reveal.
Either you know what you like or you don't. If you know what you like, then what you like is a fact. If they are facts, then they are objective. If you say they are not objective, then they are not facts, and you don't have knowledge about your own inner machinations. The only things anyone can claim to actually know at all for certain.
 
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LightLoveHope

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Theres a lot in your post I would contest. But most fundamental to the topic are your understandings of "subjective" and "objective".

Subjective basically describes internal and personal matters. Experiences, opinions. Contingency (dependence on other truths), has nothing to do with it.

Dark matter is proposed as a hypothesis about objective reality. Its either out there doing its thing independent of human minds, or its not out there. Either fact would be called objective.

You have summarised the dilemma very well.
Objective truth may exist or it may not. We can theorise it exists and may be objective, but also it may appear objective but be only subjective to something else we are unaware of.

What philosophy and science have shown is everything we know is subjective and based on assumptions. Another way of putting this is to suggest we all are limited by the processing of our bodies. If our bodies decide to tell us something we cannot distinguish between whether this is just an internal creation or something outside ourselves. It is why schizophrenics when they minds create people they appear real to them.

When one goes deeper into thoughts or ideas, we only know the conclusion of them by a feeling we have at the end of the process. This is why people can be "brain washed" and why critical thinking is so important, because one dropped issue and the chain of thought is flawed and useless.

In science this concept is bounded by a measure of error in observations and conclusions. The concept is repeated experiments and observations will eliminate the error affect to a reasonable degree.

Materialists who put their faith in the "real" world fall into this trap. We all live by these reasonable compromises, and they work and should be regarded as truth, as far as we can define it.

Dark matter is a proposal to solve the gravity affect problem, but it is like the observations of galaxies a position of faith. The problem we face today is holding the balance between what is reasonable and what clearly does not work and is dangerous.

God bless you
 
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Chriliman

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Those aren't "moral facts". A "moral fact" is a moral that is a fact. It is not a fact that is involved in typical moral judgements. Any moral fact is going to prescribe the correct behavior to choose in a given situation. That a person has done no moral wrong is not a moral fact. That a person has made a statement is not a moral fact.

So in that situation the right/good moral fact or action would be to not violate the innocent person?
 
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durangodawood

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Either you know what you like or you don't. If you know what you like, then what you like is a fact. If they are facts, then they are objective. If you say they are not objective, then they are not facts, and you don't have knowledge about your own inner machinations. The only things anyone can claim to actually know at all for certain.
Then we need a category called "subjective facts" because these introspective finding dont satisfy the basic requirements of objectivity.

This not as unreasonable as it sounds, as facts are fundamentally propositions, and not necessarily truths.
 
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Kylie

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Can you show that there are no objective moral facts?

Because I can show that there can be. For example:
An innocent person asks you not to violate them. So what are the moral facts?
Moral Fact 1: Innocent person
Moral Fact 2: Asking you not to violate them

Now explain how it wouldn't be factually wrong to go ahead and violate them anyway?

Okay, let's look at this.

Person A says to me, "Kylie, please don't enter my house without my express permission."

Does that mean it is objectively wrong to enter a house without permission? No. Because Person B might say, "Kylie, if you believe that it is in your best interests, or my best interests, or anyone else's best interests to enter my house without permission, you go right ahead."

So the idea of entering someone's house without there permission is SUBJECTIVELY wrong from the viewpoint of Person A.

But if we say it is OBJECTIVELY wrong, then it must also apply to Person B, and yet they have clearly stated that it doesn't.

Thus, entering a person's house without their permission is subjectively wrong. It is not objectively wrong.
 
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Kylie

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I fail to see how the natural fluctuations in the visceral feelings that accompany a value make it any less objective.

We value being fed. Evidence: we eat regularly and ensure we will have ongoing access to food. We prepare for this even in moments when we're not feeling hunger.

I honestly don't see how you can reach that conclusion. A starving man who is given a sandwich is going to have a completely different experience of that sandwich than a man who has just eaten a large meal being given an identical sandwich. That makes it subjective because their experience is entirely dependent on themselves.

Identical sandwiches do not produce identical experiences.
 
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