Actually, humans are continuing to evolve. Tibetans, for example, have a gene that allows them to live at very high altitudes. They acquired this gene in just a few thousand years. And then, there's this:
The results show that divers and non-divers from the Bajau community have similar sized spleens. This helped to show that the enlargement wasn't simply a consequence of regular diving.
But when the researchers compared the Bajau to a neighbouring group called the Saluan, who traditionally lead a farming lifestyle, they found the Bajau had spleens that were 50% larger on average.
The team was also able to find an apparent genetic basis for the size difference. They compared the genomes (the total complement of DNA in the nuclei of human cells) of the Bajau, the Saluan and Han Chinese for areas that had been under natural selection.
"We could ask the question: are there any genetic variants - are there any mutations - that are at a much higher frequency, that have changed their frequency specifically in the Bajau compared to other populations," said co-author Prof Rasmus Nielsen, from the University of California, Berkeley.
The results of this "selection scan" turned up 25 sites in the genome that differed significantly in the Bajau compared to the other groups. Of these, one site on a gene known as PDE10A was found to correlate with the Bajau's larger spleen size, even after accounting for confounding factors like age, sex, and height.
Each of these populations have evolved to become more fit in their respective environments.